初中：八年級英語下冊重點(diǎn)語法和短語

1、初中英語新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)教材英 語 教 案( 2019 2020 學(xué)年度第二學(xué)期 )學(xué)校：年級：任 課 教 師：英語教案 / 初中英語 / 八年級英語教案編訂： xx文訊教育機(jī)構(gòu)初中英語教案文訊教育教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)第 2 頁 共 21 頁八年級英語下冊重點(diǎn)語法和短語八年級下冊重點(diǎn)語法和短語unit 1 will people have robots? 重點(diǎn)語法：一般將來時(shí)態(tài)的應(yīng)用do/does 的一般將來時(shí)態(tài)形式：(shall/will) do do/does 的一般將來時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：(shall/will) be done 一般將來時(shí)態(tài)的肯定句、否定句、疑問句形式：肯定句例句： people will

2、have robots in a few years. 否定句例句： people (will not/wont) have robots in a few years. 一般疑問句例句：will people have robots in a few years? 特殊疑問句例句：what will people have in a few years? 重點(diǎn)短語： wont = will not theyll = they will 教材簡介 : 本教材主要用途為通過學(xué)習(xí)英語的內(nèi)容，提高學(xué)生的語言技能，增加一項(xiàng)語言能力，有利于國際化的日常交流、生活、工作等，本教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)資料適用于初中八年級英

3、語科目 , 學(xué)習(xí)后學(xué)生能得到全面的發(fā)展和提高。本內(nèi)容是按照教材的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行的編寫，可以放心修改調(diào)整或直接進(jìn)行教學(xué)使用。初中英語教案文訊教育教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)第 3 頁 共 21 頁shell = she will hell = he will ill = i will fall in love with(sb./sth.) 愛上（某人 / 某物）be able to do sth. 能夠做某事come true 實(shí)現(xiàn)in the future 未來hundreds of 數(shù)以百計(jì)的thousands of 數(shù)以千計(jì)的look for(sb./sth.) 尋找（某人 / 某物）will would 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

4、 will 的原形和過去式may might 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 may 的原形和過去式reading strategy(閱讀方法 ) look at the title and picture, and predict what you will read about. (看著標(biāo)題和圖片，預(yù)知你要閱讀那些方面的內(nèi)容。)this helps you get ready to acquire new information. (這樣可以幫助你獲得一些新的信息。) 初中英語教案文訊教育教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)第 4 頁 共 21 頁unit 2 what should i do? 重點(diǎn)語法：過去將來時(shí)態(tài)（將來時(shí)態(tài)的委婉說法

5、）do/does 的過去將來時(shí)態(tài)形式：(should/would) do do/does 的過去將來時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：(should/would) be done 過去將來時(shí)態(tài)的肯定句、否定句、疑問句形式：肯定句例句： you should write a letter to him. 否定句例句： you shouldnt write a letter to him. 一般疑問句例句：should i write a letter to him? 特殊疑問句例句：what should i do? 重點(diǎn)短語： keep sb. out 不讓某人進(jìn)入whats wrong? = whats th

6、e matter? = whats the problem? 怎么了？out of style 不時(shí)髦的；過時(shí)的call sb. up 給某人打電話pay for sth. 為某事付款part-time job 兼職工作the same as = be same (to/with) 與同樣初中英語教案文訊教育教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)第 5 頁 共 21 頁in style 時(shí)髦的；流行的get on well with sb. = get along well with sb. 與某人相處（好）didnt = did not couldnt = could not as . as possible 盡可能 (

7、eg/ as soon as possible 盡快) all kinds of 各種；許多on the one hand 一方面on the other hand 另一方面ask sb. for sth. = ask sb. to do sth. 請求某人做某事ask sb. not to do sth. 請求某人不要做某事spend (money) on sth. = spend (money) in doing sth. 花錢做某事sth. cost sb. (money) 某人花錢為了某事take sb. sometime to do sth. 花某人時(shí)間做某事find out 查明f

8、ind sb. doing sth. 發(fā)現(xiàn)某人做某事be angry with sb. 生某人的氣初中英語教案文訊教育教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)第 6 頁 共 21 頁be angry at sth. 生某事的氣the same age as = as old as 與某人年齡一樣have fight with sb. 與某人打架learn to do sth. 學(xué)會做某事not . until . 直到才compare sth.(a) with sth.(b) 把某事 (a) 與某事 (b) 作比較its time for sth. = its time to do sth. 到該做某事的時(shí)間了maybe a

9、dv. 或許may be （情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + 動(dòng)詞原形）可能是shall should 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 shall 的原形和過去式pay paid paid 動(dòng)詞 pay 的原形、過去式和過去分詞reading strategy(閱讀方法 ) you will learn to use new words better if you use a learners dictionary. (時(shí)刻學(xué)著應(yīng)用新單詞來學(xué)習(xí)比時(shí)刻使用字典這種途徑方法更好。)a bilingual dictionary sometimes gives the wrong meaning for the situation you w

10、ant. (在某些你需要的場合下，一本雙語字典有時(shí)會給你錯(cuò)誤的解釋。) 初中英語教案文訊教育教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)第 7 頁 共 21 頁unit 3 what were you doing when the ufo arrived? 重點(diǎn)語法：過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)do/does 的過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)形式：(was/were) doing do/does 的過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：(was/were) being done 過去將來時(shí)態(tài)的肯定句、否定句和疑問句形式：肯定句例句： i was walking down the street when a ufo landed. 否定句例句： i wasnt walking

11、down the street when a ufo landed. 一般疑問句例句：were you walking down the street when a ufo landed? 特殊疑問句例句：what were you doing when a ufo landed? 動(dòng)詞 when 和 while 的選擇： when 后加瞬間動(dòng)詞， while 后加延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。例句： the boy was walking down the street when the ufo landed. =while the boy was walking down the street, the u

12、fo landed. 感嘆句結(jié)構(gòu)： (1) how + adj. + the + 主語 + 謂語動(dòng)詞=(2) what + (a/an) + adj. + n. + 主語 + 謂語動(dòng)詞例句： what a beautiful flower it is! 初中英語教案文訊教育教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)第 8 頁 共 21 頁=how beautiful the flower is! what beautiful flowers they are! =how beautiful the flowers are! 重點(diǎn)短語： get out 出去；離開take off 起飛run away 逃跑；跑掉come in

13、進(jìn)來hear about = hear of 聽說take place 發(fā)生as . as 像一樣 (eg/ as old as him 像他一樣老 ) anywhere = everywhere = here and there 任何地方think about 考慮think of 認(rèn)為get up = get out of the bed 起床at the doctors 在診所every day 每一天初中英語教案文訊教育教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)第 9 頁 共 21 頁everyday adj. 日常的most adj. 大部分the most 最多的in space 在太空中national hero

14、 民族英雄all over the world = in the world 全世界reading strategy(閱讀方法 ) the title can be helpful for you to understand a text. (一篇文章的標(biāo)題可以幫助你理解整篇文章。)its also a good idea to read the first sentence of each paragraph before you read. (在閱讀整篇文章之前，閱讀每段的第一句話也是一個(gè)很有效的方法。) unit 4 he said i was hard-working. 重點(diǎn)語法：賓語

15、從句結(jié)構(gòu)：主語 + 謂語動(dòng)詞 + 賓語從句 (主語 + 謂語動(dòng)詞 + 賓語/ 表語 ) 例句： -im good at english. he says. (改為加賓語從句的復(fù)合句) -he says im good at english. 注意：主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)不受其影響。初中英語教案文訊教育教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)第 10 頁 共 21 頁例句： he says im good at english now. he says i was good at mathematics when i was young. 主句是過去時(shí)態(tài)，賓語從句也要用過去時(shí)態(tài)。例句： he said i was

16、good at mathematics when i was young yesterday. he said i was good at english now yesterday. 賓語從句是客觀真理時(shí)永遠(yuǎn)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。例句： our teacher says 24 hours make a day. our teacher said the sun gives us so many energy yesterday. 動(dòng)詞原形不能作主語，必須用其 -ing 形式。例句： she said helping others changed her life. 重點(diǎn)短語： direct spe

17、ech 直接引語reported speech = indirect speech 間接引語first of all = at first 首先pass on 傳遞be supposed to do sth. 應(yīng)該做某事be good at = do well in 在某方面做得好初中英語教案文訊教育教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)第 11 頁 共 21 頁in good health 身體健康get over 克服open up 打開care for = take care of = look after 照料；照顧not any more = not any longer = no longer 不再have a

18、 cold 感冒end-of-year exam 年終考試get nervous 變得緊張forget to do sth. 忘記做某事（該事未做）forget doing sth. 忘記做某事（該事已做）its + adj. + for sb. + to do sth. 做某事 對某人來說 （加形容詞）context 上下文reading strategy(閱讀方法 ) first read for meaning, not for detail. (首先理解文段的大致意思，不在于文段的細(xì)節(jié)部分。 )you can understand the meaning of a word you d

19、ont know from the context. ( 至于不懂的單詞，你可以通過上下文來尋找它的正確釋義。) 初中英語教案文訊教育教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)第 12 頁 共 21 頁unit 5 if you go to the party, youll have a great time! 重點(diǎn)語法： if 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句結(jié)構(gòu)：主句 + if + 條件狀語從句if + 條件狀語從句 + (comma) + 主句注意：在 if 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句中，主句應(yīng)用將來時(shí)態(tài)，狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。例句： youll have a great time if you go to the party. =if y

20、ou go to the party, youll have a great time. 重點(diǎn)短語： take away 拿走around the world = all over the world 在世界各地make a living 謀生all the time = always 一直whats the problem? = whats the matter? = whats wrong? 怎么了？in order to do sth. 為了做某事make sb. do sth. 使得某人做某事（to 省略，該結(jié)構(gòu)是一個(gè)不帶 to 的不定式。）make sb. adj. 使得某人（加形容

21、詞）make sb. done 使得某人被做初中英語教案文訊教育教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)第 13 頁 共 21 頁be famous for 為而出名be famous as 作為而出名in class 在課堂上spend .(time/money) on sth. = spend .(time/money) in doing sth. 花（時(shí)間/ 錢）用于做某事see sb. do sth. 看見某人做某事（強(qiáng)調(diào)整個(gè)過程）see sb. doing sth. 看見某人做某事（強(qiáng)調(diào)偶然性）say said said 動(dòng)詞 say 的原形、過去式和過去分詞tell told told 動(dòng)詞 tell 的原形、過

22、去式和過去分詞eat ate eaten 動(dòng)詞 eat 的原形、過去式和過去分詞speak spoke spoken 動(dòng)詞 speak 的原形、過去式和過去分詞unit 6 how long have you been collecting shells? 重點(diǎn)語法：現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)do/does 的現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)形式：have/has been doing do/does 的現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：have/has been being done 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)所應(yīng)用的場合：初中英語教案文訊教育教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)第 14 頁 共 21 頁某事從過去發(fā)生一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在都在做過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對現(xiàn)在造

23、成影響例：我已上了三年初中。i have been in junior school for 3 years. 自從那次他與我談過心后，我天天都在進(jìn)步。i have been making progress since he talked with me that time. 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的肯定句、否定句和疑問句形式：肯定句例句： i have been skating for five hours. 否定句例句： i havent been skating for five hours. 一般疑問句例句：have you been skating for five hours? 特殊疑問

24、句例句：how long have you been skating? 注意：瞬間動(dòng)詞不能和一段時(shí)間連用。例句：你借這本書已經(jīng)多長時(shí)間了？how long have you been keeping this book? 重點(diǎn)短語： run out of 用完；用盡by the way 順便說說初中英語教案文訊教育教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)第 15 頁 共 21 頁be interested in doing sth. 對某事感興趣more than 比多far away 在遠(yuǎn)處would like to do sth. = want to do sth. = feel like doing sth. 想要做某

25、事send sb. sth. = send sth. to sb. 把某物贈(zèng)送給某人in fact 實(shí)際上room 房間（用于可數(shù)名詞）；空間（用于不可數(shù)名詞）common more common the most common 形容詞 common 的原級、比較級和最高級reading strategy(閱讀方法 ) let your eyes scan the text quickly to find details that youre looking for. ( 在閱讀文章之前，用眼睛“橫掃”整篇文章，快速尋找你需要的文章要點(diǎn)。)you can find information qu

26、ickly without reading the whole text. (這樣你就不用細(xì)讀整篇文章，就能尋找到你需要的一些信息。) unit 7 would you mind turning down the music? 重點(diǎn)語法： mind ones doing sth. 介意（某人）做某事重點(diǎn)短語： not at all 一點(diǎn)也不初中英語教案文訊教育教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)第 16 頁 共 21 頁turn down 調(diào)節(jié)使音量變小right away = in a minute = at once 立刻；馬上wait in line 排隊(duì)等候cut in line 插隊(duì)等候hasnt = has

27、not keep . down 壓低聲音；使緩和at first = first of all 首先take care 當(dāng)心；小心take care of = care about = look after 關(guān)心；照顧break the rule 違規(guī)obey the rule 遵守規(guī)定put out 熄滅pick sth. up 撿起某物wait for sb. 等候某人depend on 依賴；依靠get back = return 要回初中英語教案文訊教育教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)第 17 頁 共 21 頁mean meant meant 動(dòng)詞 mean 的原形、過去式和過去分詞reading strat

28、egy(閱讀方法 ) as we read, we need to find topic sentences.(在我們閱讀的時(shí)候，我們需要尋找“主題語句”，也就是和文章中心最相關(guān)的語句。) these sentences usually gives us a summary, or overall meaning of each paragraph and help us understand what the paragraph is about.(這些語句通常會給我們一些文章的“概要”，或者每個(gè)文段的全部意思，來幫助我們理解段落大意。) after the topic sentence c

29、omes more detail and explanation.(當(dāng)“主題語句”出現(xiàn)后，該段的一些解釋和細(xì)節(jié)也就會隨之出現(xiàn)。) unit 8 why dont you get her a scarf? 重點(diǎn)語法：詢問別人為什么要做或者不做某事why dont you do sth. = why not do sth. 例句： why dont you get her a camera? = why not get her a camera? what about = how about 例句： how about some tennis balls? = what about some te

30、nnis balls? 重點(diǎn)短語： fall asleep 入睡give away 贈(zèng)送；分發(fā)初中英語教案文訊教育教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)第 18 頁 共 21 頁hear of = hear about 聽說take an interest in = be interested in 對感興趣make friends with 與交友make progress 取得進(jìn)步keep kept kept 動(dòng)詞 keep 的原形、過去式和過去分詞feed fed fed 動(dòng)詞 feed 的原形、過去式和過去分詞fall fell fallen 動(dòng)詞 fall 的原形、過去式和過去分詞hear heard heard

31、 動(dòng)詞 hear 的原形、過去式和過去分詞reading strategy(閱讀方法 ) to understand the important ideas from the text, we must summarize.(為了了解文段最主要的意圖，我們必須要進(jìn)行總結(jié)。) do this by answering who, what, where, why questions as you read.(在閱讀時(shí)，常注意回答時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物這些基本要素問題，達(dá)到總結(jié)的目的。) unit 9 have you ever been to an amusement? 重點(diǎn)語法：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)do/does 的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)形式：(have/has) done 初中英語教案文訊教育教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)第 19 頁 共 21 頁do/does 的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：(have/has) been done 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)主要強(qiáng)調(diào)過去發(fā)生的事情對現(xiàn)在的影響。例句：我去年去過美國，那是我第一次出國。i have ever been to americ