定語(yǔ)從句總結(jié)

1、定語(yǔ)從句總結(jié)定語(yǔ)從句在句中相當(dāng)于一個(gè)形容詞，起定語(yǔ)的作用，修飾說(shuō)明名詞、代詞或主語(yǔ)的全部?jī)?nèi)容。通常在被修飾的詞語(yǔ)（即先行詞）之后，由“關(guān)系詞”引導(dǎo)。定語(yǔ)從句的三種功能：1.連接功能：連接從句，引導(dǎo)一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句2指代功能：指代先行詞3. 語(yǔ)法功能：在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)句子成分（定語(yǔ)從句中的關(guān)系詞分為關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞兩種）that which who whom whose whe n where why語(yǔ) 法 關(guān) 系 詞 指 代主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)指人who thatwhom thatwhosethat指物which thatwhich thatwhosethat注：關(guān)系代詞在句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)，

2、因此定語(yǔ)從句中不能再出現(xiàn)關(guān)系代詞所替代的名詞或代詞。1. 關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)不能省略 A plane is a machine which / that can fly .（ 作主語(yǔ)）The dog which / that was lost has been found .（作主語(yǔ)） The number of people who / that lost homes reached 250,000 .Here comes the girl who / that wants to see you .2. 關(guān)系代詞在句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略 The noodles that / which I

3、 cooked were delicious . （作賓語(yǔ)）This is the book that / which I want to read .The letter that / which I received yesterday was from my father . The girl who / that we saw yesterday is Mary .Mr Li is a man whom / who / that we should lear from .Do you know the man whom / who / that is talking to ?3. 關(guān)系

4、代詞在從句中做定語(yǔ) The novel whose cover was broken blongs to me . Henery is the boy whose mother is our English teacher .I know the person whose company produces computers .This is the person whose story surprised everybody .4. 關(guān)系代詞在句中作表語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略(只能用that)She is not the girl that she was .定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞的選擇1. 明確關(guān)

5、系代詞，關(guān)系副詞在定語(yǔ)從句中的不同作用關(guān)系代詞 which , that , who 在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)或在及物動(dòng)詞或介詞后作賓語(yǔ)關(guān)系副詞 when , where, why 在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ)，即定語(yǔ)從句中不缺主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)，只缺時(shí) 間、地點(diǎn)或原因狀語(yǔ)2. 分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，明確句法成分 關(guān)系詞在從句中作賓語(yǔ)還是作狀語(yǔ)， 關(guān)鍵取決于從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。 如果定語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng) 詞是及物動(dòng)詞，應(yīng)觀察其后有無(wú)賓語(yǔ)。如果沒(méi)賓語(yǔ)，則應(yīng)考慮使用能充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)的關(guān)系代詞which或that。如果句子中有賓語(yǔ)，就考慮關(guān)系副詞when或where等關(guān)系副詞( when , where , why )1. When 的用法(

6、在定語(yǔ)從句中做時(shí)間狀語(yǔ))I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing .We will never forget the happy time when we worked on the farm .He came at a time when (at which ) we needed help .2. where 的用法(在定語(yǔ)從句中做地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ))This is the house where we lived last year .The factory where his father works is in the west

7、 of the city .After living in Pairs for fifty years , he returned to the small town where he grew up as a child .3. why 的用法(在定語(yǔ)從句中做原因狀語(yǔ))There are several reasons why we can't do that .He couldn ' t give the teacher a good reason why he was late for school .Is this the reason why ( for which

8、) he refused our offer ?The reason why ( for which ) she was ill is that she had eaten bad meat .4. 比較I ' ll never forget the days that / which I spent with my teacher .I ' ll never forget the days when I worked with you .It is the house that / which was built two years ago .It is the house

9、where / in which I was born .The reason which / that he gave was an excuse .The reason why he was late was the rain .Do you know the reason why he didn't turn up ?只能用 that 的定語(yǔ)從句1. 先行詞為不定代詞 all everying nothing anything little much none 時(shí)或被這些詞修 飾時(shí) ，關(guān)系代詞只用 thatAll that can be done has been done .2

10、. 當(dāng)先行詞被形容詞的最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)，只用 thatThis is the most beautiful park that I have visited .The Titanic is the most dangerous film that I ' ve ever seen .The best one that I ' ll choose will be you .3. 當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞 the first , the second , the last 等修飾時(shí)，只用 that The first lesson that we have learned will never

11、 be easily forgotten .This is the last class that we will have this term .4. 當(dāng)先行詞被 the only , the very , the last 修飾時(shí)，只用 that( some any few much no very only )The only student that may be elected is in our class .I have no question that will be asked .There was little that interested him at the meet

12、ing .This is the very book that I am looking for .5. 當(dāng)先行詞既指人又指物時(shí)We often talk about the persons and things that we remember .The characters and the animals that are in the picture are very native .The train ran over a boy and his dog that were just crossing the railroad .6. 當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是以 who 或 which 開(kāi)頭的疑問(wèn)句時(shí)

13、，為避免重復(fù)而用 thatWho is the girl that is standing there ?Who is the boy that shook hands with you just now ？Which is the hotel that you stayed at last month ?7. 當(dāng)way做先行詞時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞可以有三種形式thatin whichxI don ' t like the way that / in which X you speak to your mother like that .8. 先行詞在句中作表語(yǔ)Shanghai is no l

14、onger the city that it used to be .定語(yǔ)從句練習(xí)：1. This is the bag my mother bought yesterday.A. thatB. whoC. whomD. this2. The man lives next to us is my English teacher.A. whomB. whichC. whoD. /3. The girl you saw in the street is Mary.A. thatB. whose C. whichD. as4. Is this the factory a lot of student

15、s visited yesterday?A. the oneB. which C. whoD. whom6. The only language is easy to learn is the mother tongue.A. whichB. thatC. /D. it7. The girl handed everything she had picked up in the street to the police.A. whichB. in whichC. thatD. all9. Please show me the book you bought yesterday.A. which

16、B. whom C. whose D. this10. This is the best book I have been looking for all this year.A. who B. whom C. whichD. /written by him.D. are11. This is the only article of these that 12. The manA. was B. were C. iswas here just now is a doctor.A. whomB. whoC. /D. he13. The boyhas two lovely dogs.A. who

17、live next doorB. which lives next doorC. whom lives next doorD. that lives next door14. ThoseA. whichmade no mistakes in todayC. thatB. whom's exercises please raise your hands.D. who15. The farmwe stayed last week is a lovely place for a holiday.A. whenB. whereC. thatD. at that16. He is the mos

18、t careful boyI know.A. whatB. whichC. asD. ./17. This is the schoolA. in thatMr. Smith once taught.C. whereB. whenD. there18. Have you visited the housethe famous scientist was born?A. whereB. in thatC. thatD. which19. The factoryMr. Li used to work was closed last week.A. whenB. whereC. thatD. whic

19、h20. Do you still remember the daywe first met?A. thatB. whenC. whatD. on that21. October 1,1949 is the daywe' ll never forget.A. whenB. thatC. whereD. in which22. October 1, 1949 was the daythe People's Republic of China was founded.A. whichB. whenC. whereD. in which23. Is this the shopsell

20、s childrens clothing?A. whichB. whereC. in whichD. what25. I still remember the sitting-roommy mother and I used to sit in the evening.A. whatB. whichC. thatD. where26. Have you seen the girlA. that I toldB. I told you of28. Finally the thief handed in everythingC. whatA. which B. thatC. whom I told

21、D. I told ofhe had stolen to the police.D. whatever29. The lecture spoke of some writers and novels C. whowere known to us all.A. which B. thatD. what30. I can still remember the sitting room _C. thatmy mother and I used to sit in theevening.A. whatB. whichD. where32. The only question is to find ou

22、r way home.A. that matteredB. that matters C. which matteredD. matter34. The farmers used wood to build a house grain can be stored.A. with which B. where C. in thatD. which1. -Do you know the man is talking with your father ？-Yes， he' s our headmaster.A. he B. who C. which D. whom2. Is this the

23、 river I can swim ？A. which B. in which C. that D. the one3. This is the best hotel in the city I know.A. where B. which C. that D. it4. Can you lend me the dictionary the other day ？A. that you bought B. you bought itC. that you bought it D. which you bought it5. Anyone with what I said may put up you hands.A. which agrees B. who agreeC. who agrees D. which agree6. My watch is not the only thing is missing.A. that B. it C. which who7. The man coat is black is waiting at the gateA. who 'sB. whose C. that of which.8. T