一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)講解

1、一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)（1）基本用法1. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)通常用來(lái)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀況。如：Where were you last week?上周你在哪兒？-I was at my uncle's home in the countryside.（上周）我在鄉(xiāng)下的叔叔家。2.有些情況，發(fā)生時(shí)間沒(méi)有明確標(biāo)明，但實(shí)際上是過(guò)去發(fā)生的，應(yīng)用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)；另外，在談到已故去的人時(shí)，也多用過(guò)去時(shí)。如：He bought a cat, and now they are good friends.他買了一只貓，現(xiàn)在他們是好朋友了。Lu Xun was a great writer.魯迅是位偉大的作家。（2）時(shí)間

2、狀語(yǔ)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有：yesterday （昨天），last night（昨晚），last week （上個(gè)星期），four days ago （四天前），in 2002 （在 2002 年），just now （剛才），the day before yesterday （前天） 等。如：He went to the park yesterday.她昨天去了花園。I was ten years old in 2001. 我 2001 年才 10 歲。（3）動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式在一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)中會(huì)涉及到動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式，大家要掌握規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式的變化規(guī)則。其基本的變化規(guī)則如下：一般情況下，在動(dòng)詞

3、原形后直接 ed。如：play played , lookHooked 。以e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞在其后加 d。如：like Hiked, use-used。與輔音字母加 y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，把 y變成i再加ed。如：carry - carried, marry - married 。以重讀閉音節(jié)（或r音節(jié)）結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母時(shí)，雙寫(xiě)這個(gè)輔音字母，再加ed。如：stop-stopped, prefer-preferred 。當(dāng)然，剛才提到的都是規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的構(gòu)成，我們還學(xué)過(guò)許多不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式形式。如：am was,are - were, put - put, see - saw, eat - ate等

4、，這些可需要我們?cè)谡n下牢牢記住喲！一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)1、 定義與講解一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：表示經(jīng)常性的事情，經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作或一般性事實(shí)。二、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)；表示客觀事實(shí)或普遍真理；在時(shí)間、條件等狀語(yǔ)從句中，用現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)；在某些以here , there開(kāi)頭的句子中，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作三、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：often 經(jīng)常，usually 通常，always 總是，every 每個(gè)，sometimes 有時(shí), at在幾點(diǎn)鐘只有在第三人稱單數(shù)用動(dòng)詞的“三單變化”，其他用動(dòng)詞的原形。動(dòng)詞三單變化規(guī)則：1 .多數(shù)在動(dòng)詞后+ s play plays like likes(1

5、)直接在動(dòng)詞詞尾加-s.ask-asks work-works get-gets stay-stays(2)以字母s, x, ch, sh或。結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，在詞尾直接加-es.watch-watches wish-wishes fix-fixes do-doesgo-goes pass-passes(3)以“輔音字母加-y”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，要先變 y為i再加-es.try-tries study-studies cry-cries fly-flies情況構(gòu)成方法例詞一般情況加-s清輔首后讀/s/濁swim-swims ;輔音和元音后讀help-helps ; like-likes/z/以輔音字母+o

6、結(jié)尾的詞加-es讀/z/goes,does以s,sh,ch,x等結(jié)尾的詞加-es讀/iz/watches,washes以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的詞變y為i再加es讀/z/study-studies不規(guī)則變化have和be動(dòng)詞變have 為has變be 為 am,is,arehave-has be-am,is,are2.不規(guī)則變化：be- is are havehas四、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)自定式疑問(wèn)式否定式否定疑問(wèn)式I work.Do you work?I don't work.Don't you work?You work.Do you work?You don'

7、t work.Don't you work?We work.Do you work?We don't work.Don't you work?They work.Do they work?They don't work.Don't they work?He(She,It)Does he(she,it)He(She,It) doesn'tDoesn't he(she it)works.work?work.work?現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)一、概念、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表說(shuō)話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,也可表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動(dòng)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作結(jié)構(gòu)：助動(dòng)詞be

8、 ( am / is / are ) +現(xiàn)在分詞.2、 現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成：1 . 大多數(shù)動(dòng)詞后可在動(dòng)詞后直接加-ingEg: carry-carrying,catch-catching,drink-drinking, enjoy-enjoying hurry-hurrying ,do-doing , r ead-reading , think-thinking2 .如果動(dòng)詞以-e結(jié)尾，則去掉-e再加-ing, 如 come-coming , have-having , make-making,ride-riding,write-writing,take-taking,use-using 3. 如

9、果動(dòng)詞只有一個(gè)元音字母,而其后跟有一個(gè)輔音字母時(shí),將此輔音字母雙寫(xiě),再加-ing如： hit-hitting,let-letting, put-putting,run-running,sit-sitting 4. 如果動(dòng)詞有兩個(gè)音節(jié),且重音在第二個(gè)音節(jié)上,則末尾的輔音字母須雙寫(xiě),再加-ing,如 : for get-forgetting, pre fer-preferring,up set-upsetting 試比較 benefit/benfiting, differ/differing, profit/profiting, 這些詞的重音在第一個(gè)音節(jié)上,因此其末尾的輔音字母不雙寫(xiě)5. 以-ic

10、 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，應(yīng)先把 -ic 變?yōu)?-ick,再力口 -ing, eg: panic/panicking,picnic/picnicking, 但 lie/lying ,die/dying,tie/tying 是特殊變化要記住三、句型結(jié)構(gòu)：1. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的肯定形式、否定形式、疑問(wèn)形式及其回答, 所有變化都體現(xiàn)在助動(dòng)詞be ( is/ am / are ) 上1) 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的肯定形式：主語(yǔ)+be(am/ is/are)+doing+ 其他成分I am singing . They are writing .2)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的否定形式：主語(yǔ)+be(am/ is/are)+not +doing+其

11、他成分I am not singing . They aren t writing .3) 一般疑問(wèn)句及回答： be(am/ is/are)+主語(yǔ)+doing+其他成分Am I singing ? Yes ,you are . / No ,you aren t .Are they writing ? Yes ,they are . / No ,they aren t .4）特殊疑問(wèn)句及回答：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+be（am/ is/are）+主語(yǔ)+doing+其他成分What are you doing ? We are playing （要求就提問(wèn)內(nèi)容具體回答）.3.說(shuō)明: 不是所有動(dòng)詞都能用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行

12、時(shí)態(tài)的,如：see、 like、 want、 know 等動(dòng)詞往往都不用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)四用法：1 . 表示現(xiàn)在（ 指說(shuō)話人說(shuō)話時(shí)） 正在發(fā)生的事情往往與now,at the moment,just 等副詞連用,以示強(qiáng)調(diào)We are waiting for you？What are you doing?Some one s knocking at the door 2 . 正在進(jìn)行著的動(dòng)作可視為未完成的動(dòng)作。He s talking to his friends in the classroom.可用 still 一詞強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的持續(xù)性He s still talking to his friends

13、in the classroom.3 . 表示長(zhǎng)期的或重復(fù)性的動(dòng)作,說(shuō)話時(shí)動(dòng)作未必正在進(jìn)行Mr. Black is writing another article.Don t take that book away. Your father s using it. She is learning piano under Mr. Black.4 .現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)可用來(lái)表示不會(huì)長(zhǎng)期發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況,或被認(rèn)為在短期內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或存在的情況：What s your brother doing these days? He s studying English at Oxford University.

14、5 .現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)也可以用來(lái)表示當(dāng)前的動(dòng)向：People are becoming more and more beautiful these days.6 . 表示漸變的動(dòng)詞有：become,turn,get,grow,run,go,begin 等The leaves are turning brow.It s getting colder and colder.7 .與 always,constantly,forever 等詞連用,表反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或持續(xù)存在的狀態(tài),往往帶有說(shuō)話人的主觀色彩You are always changing your mind.8 .現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)（以及be goin

15、g to）可以表示為將來(lái)安排好的活動(dòng)和事件We' re spendingnext winter in China. 用 arrive,come,go,leave 等動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)描寫(xiě)行程安排 ,也通常有“將到達(dá)”和“將離去”的意思：He s arriving tomorrow morning.9 .當(dāng)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示某事發(fā)生的次數(shù)過(guò)多時(shí),則有時(shí)含有抱怨,討厭,贊揚(yáng)等的意思：He is always singing at night,and we can ' t fall asleep late at night.一、寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式：二、1.go 2. enjoy 3.te

16、ach 4.write 5. have三、6.is(am)7.are 8. want 9. talk 10.eat1 .carry 12. take 13. do 14. get 15.catch五、二、用所給動(dòng)詞正確形式填空。六、1. My mother(buy) a lot of postcards yesterday.七、2. The twins(be) thirteen years old two years ago.3. I(get) up at half past six this morning.九、4. Jim(help) an old man carry his bag ju

17、st now.十、5. There(be) a King many years ago.H-> 6. Did you(have) a test yesterday?十二、7. I(come) to school at seven yesterday.十三、8. Once he(be) a shop assistant.9. The bat(like) sleeping in the day and(fly) out for food at night.10. -Where does Mr. Lin(live)? -He(live) in the USA.11. Mother always

18、(do) some washing after meals.12. The twins(wear) a pair of glasses every day.13. A plane always(fly) high in the sky.14. Grandpa usually(get) up early in the morning.15. The two writers(visit) each other once a year.16.1 (play) football every day.三、選擇填空。()1. My parents were having supper when I bac

19、k home.A. come B. came C. coming D. comes()2. My sister the Youth League last year.A. join B. joins C. joined D. joining()3. Father his coat and went out.A. put on B. puts on C. putted on D. puted on()4. The teacher me a question just now.A. ask B. asked C. asking D. asks()5. This is my ninth birthday and I eight years old last year.A. was B. were C. is D. are()6. Did you a letter to me last month?A. write B. writes C. writing D. wrote()7. Mother a story about a hungry wolf yeste