高中動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài)

1、動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài)一一.一般體一般體二二.進(jìn)行體進(jìn)行體三三.完成體完成體過去將來時(shí)過去將來時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)一般將來時(shí)一般將來時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)將來完成時(shí)將來完成時(shí)1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：表示現(xiàn)在的經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。還可表示客觀真理、科學(xué)事實(shí)。We _(have)meals three times a day.He _(be)always ready to help others.The sun _(rise) in the east and _(set) in the

2、west.一一.一般體一般體一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)一般將來時(shí)一般將來時(shí)haveisrisessets在時(shí)間、條件、讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中，如果主句中的動(dòng)詞用一般將來時(shí)，從句中的動(dòng)詞通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，而不用將來時(shí)。（主將從現(xiàn)主將從現(xiàn)）Whenever you _(buy)a present,you should think about it from the receivers point of view.Unless some extra money _(be)found,the theatre will close.Ill go with you as soon as I _(fi

3、nish)my work.buyisfinish2. 2.一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)：表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間完成的動(dòng)作或過去反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常跟表示表示過去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，yesterday。He _(get) up and _(dress) quickly.I _(go) to Beijing 3 times last year.When he_ (work) in the countryside,he used to help the peasants there.gotdressedwentworked3. 3.一般將來時(shí)一般將來時(shí)一般將來時(shí)表示一般將來時(shí)表示將來某個(gè)時(shí)間要發(fā)生的動(dòng)將來某個(gè)時(shí)間要發(fā)生

4、的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)作或存在的狀態(tài)，往往與表示將來含義的，往往與表示將來含義的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)tomorrow，next week，next year等連用。等連用。構(gòu)成構(gòu)成（1）.will/shall +do sth.（2）.be going to do sth.（3）.be to do.（4）.be about to do .（5）.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來.表示正要做表示正要做.,馬上要做馬上要做.(不能與表示將不能與表示將來的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用來的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用)Tom will back next week.Fish will die without water.（1）.will/sh

5、all +do sth. 表示現(xiàn)在看來以后要發(fā)表示現(xiàn)在看來以后要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，事物固有屬性或必然生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，事物固有屬性或必然趨勢(shì)。趨勢(shì)。He_ _(speak) on TV this evening.Look at the dark clouds.It _(rain).（2）.be going to do sth.計(jì)劃打算要做某事，還可表示根據(jù)現(xiàn)在的跡計(jì)劃打算要做某事，還可表示根據(jù)現(xiàn)在的跡象對(duì)未來進(jìn)行推斷。象對(duì)未來進(jìn)行推斷。is going to speak is going to rainWhen are you to leave for New York?She _(

6、get) married next month.You _ (report)to the police.(你應(yīng)該報(bào)警)（3）.be to do 表示按計(jì)劃或安排要做的事。（責(zé)任、約表示按計(jì)劃或安排要做的事。（責(zé)任、約定或指令）定或指令）is to getare to report(2)(2)與與always,constantly,continually,forever,all the timealways,constantly,continually,forever,all the time等頻率副詞連用，表示說話人對(duì)主語(yǔ)的行為表示等頻率副詞連用，表示說話人對(duì)主語(yǔ)的行為表示贊嘆、贊許、表?yè)P(yáng)、抱

7、怨、厭惡等情緒。贊嘆、贊許、表?yè)P(yáng)、抱怨、厭惡等情緒。He is constantly leaving his things about. 他老是把他的東西亂放。（表示不滿）She is always asking the same question. 她總是問同樣的問題。（表示厭惡）You are always finding fault with others.你總是挑別人的毛病。（表示抱怨）The train is about to start.火車就要開了。（4）.be about to do .表示正要做表示正要做.,馬上要做馬上要做.(不能與表示將來的時(shí)不能與表示將來的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用間

8、狀語(yǔ)連用)當(dāng)主句為將來時(shí)態(tài)或表示將來意義時(shí)，時(shí)間和條件的狀語(yǔ)從句必須用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來 Ill write to her when I _(have) time. 我有空會(huì)給她寫信。我有空會(huì)給她寫信。 （5）.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來.（主將從現(xiàn)主將從現(xiàn)）have二二.進(jìn)行體進(jìn)行體現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)1.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：(1)表示說話的瞬間正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或者是當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間表示說話的瞬間正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或者是當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動(dòng)情況或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作（在說話時(shí)不一定是正在內(nèi)的活動(dòng)情況或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作（在說話時(shí)不一定是正在進(jìn)行）。在句中有進(jìn)行）

9、。在句中有now，just now，等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或是，等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或是look等提示等提示語(yǔ)。語(yǔ)。be+現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞was/were+現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞-Hi,lets go skating.-Sorry,Im busy right now.I _(fill) in an application form for a new job.be+現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞am filling（2）不可以用進(jìn)行時(shí)的情況（通常表示感覺，情感，存在，從屬，思維等的動(dòng)詞）A:表示存在狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞表示存在狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞：be，stay，exist，belong toB:表示心里或情感狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞表示心里或情感狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞：fear

10、，hate，remember,think,know,believe,want,need,understand,forget,please,respect,prefer,mind,like,hope,wish,agree,appreciate,recognize,mean,care,dislike,love.C.表示短暫性、一次性動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞表示短暫性、一次性動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞：allow，accept，remember，permit，promise，admit，completeD：感官動(dòng)詞：感官動(dòng)詞：see,hear,notice,feel,smell,sound,taste,look.2. 2.過去進(jìn)

11、行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示在過去某一時(shí)刻或某一時(shí)段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作表示在過去某一時(shí)刻或某一時(shí)段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作was/were+現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞In 1980 he _(study) in a university. 1980年時(shí)，他正在一所大學(xué)里學(xué)習(xí)。年時(shí)，他正在一所大學(xué)里學(xué)習(xí)。She _(phone) someone,so I nodded to her and went away.她當(dāng)時(shí)正在給別人打電話，因此我朝她點(diǎn)了一下頭她當(dāng)時(shí)正在給別人打電話，因此我朝她點(diǎn)了一下頭就走開了。就走開了。was studyingwas phoning1.現(xiàn)在完成現(xiàn)在完成（1）.表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果

12、（2）.表示過去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在三三.完成體完成體現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)has/have+過去分詞過去分詞否定：否定：hasnt/havent+過去分詞過去分詞had+過去分詞過去分詞hadnt +過去分詞過去分詞主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+has/have+過去分詞過去分詞將來完成時(shí)將來完成時(shí)shall+have+過去分詞用于第一人稱過去分詞用于第一人稱will+have+過去分詞可用于所有人稱過去分詞可用于所有人稱該用法的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示一個(gè)過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作在過去已經(jīng)完成，并且這個(gè)動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在仍有影響或結(jié)果，同時(shí)說話者強(qiáng)調(diào)的或感興趣的就是這個(gè)影響或結(jié)果。（1）.表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成

13、的影響或結(jié)果表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果肯定句: 主語(yǔ)+have/has+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞+賓語(yǔ)(或者其他).否定句: 主語(yǔ)+have not/has not+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞+賓語(yǔ).一般疑問句: Have/Has+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞+賓語(yǔ)(或者其他)?特殊疑問句: 特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句(have/has+主語(yǔ)+過去分詞+其他)He has been away from the city.他已離開這個(gè)城市。(結(jié)果:他不在這個(gè)城市。)Someone has broken the window.有人把窗戶打破了。(結(jié)果:窗戶仍破著。)I _(lost) my pen.我把鋼筆丟了。(結(jié)

14、果:我現(xiàn)在無鋼筆用。)He _(finish) his work.他把工作做完了。(結(jié)果:他可以做其他的事了。)have losthas finish即表示從過去某個(gè)時(shí)間直到現(xiàn)在的這個(gè)時(shí)間范圍內(nèi)不斷重復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況，并且這個(gè)不斷重復(fù)的動(dòng)作有可能繼續(xù)下去，也有可能到現(xiàn)在就結(jié)束。如:How often have you seen her again?你隔多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間見她一次?（2）.表示過去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在表示過去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示一個(gè)過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或開始的狀態(tài)在過去并未完成或結(jié)束，而是一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并且有可能繼續(xù)下去(也可能到此結(jié)束)He has taught in o

15、ur school for 30 years.他在我們學(xué)校教書已有30年了。(有可能一直教下去)He has been busy since last week.自上個(gè)星期以來他一直很忙。（可能還會(huì)忙下去）He has worked for us ever since he left school.他離開學(xué)校以后就一直為我們工作。（一直工作，沒間斷）注意:當(dāng)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示持續(xù)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不能使用非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞(短暫性動(dòng)詞)，而應(yīng)該使用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，即換一種說法，如He has been away (leave)for one minutes.他已經(jīng)離開一分鐘了。He _(buy) this boo

16、kfor two months.他買這本書已有兩個(gè)月了。She _(borrow) the table for three months.她已經(jīng)借了這張桌子三個(gè)月了。have kepthas had同一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)可以表示將來一樣，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)也可以在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句里表示將來。(主將從完主將從完)Ill wait until he has written his letter. 我愿等到他把信寫完。When you _(rest), Ill show you the garden.等你休息好之后，我領(lǐng)你看我們的花園。have rested現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)標(biāo)志詞標(biāo)志詞1.already ，yetalready

17、:用在肯定句中(be動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞之后，實(shí)意動(dòng)詞之前)常與yet進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換。eg:I already have finished the work.我已經(jīng)完成這項(xiàng)工作了。改為否定句:I havent finished the work yet.我還沒有完成這項(xiàng)工作。改為一般疑問句:Have you finished the work yet？yet:放在否定句和一般疑問句句末。2.sincesince+時(shí)間點(diǎn)=for+時(shí)間段since+一般過去時(shí)態(tài)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句=since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)+agosince+一般過去時(shí)態(tài)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。He has been here since he join

18、ed the army。自從他參軍以來,他一直在這兒。3.just, before, recently,still, lately,never,ever,twice, on several occasion,in the past/last few days/weeks/months/years,(up to)these few days/weeks/months/years,this morning/week/month/year(多用于一般過去時(shí)多用于一般過去時(shí)), up to present, so far,up to now,up till now,till now2. 2.過去完成時(shí)

19、過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)是把時(shí)間推移到過去某一時(shí)間之前，與現(xiàn)在不發(fā)生聯(lián)系，由had + 動(dòng)詞過去分詞構(gòu)成?？隙ň淇隙ň洌褐髡Z(yǔ)+had+動(dòng)詞過去分詞+其他.否定句否定句：主語(yǔ)+hadnt(had not)+動(dòng)詞過去分詞+其他.一般疑問句：一般疑問句：Had+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過去分詞+其他？肯定回答：肯定回答：Yes, 主語(yǔ)+had.否定回答：否定回答：No, 主語(yǔ)+hadnt.had+過去分詞過去分詞hadnt +過去分詞過去分詞過去完成時(shí)基本用法：（1）表示在過去某一時(shí)刻或動(dòng)作以前完成了的動(dòng)作，即即“過去的過去過去的過去”?？梢杂胋y, before等介詞短語(yǔ)或一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句來表示，也可以用一個(gè)表示過

20、去的動(dòng)作來表示，還可能通過上下文來表示。By nine oclock last night, we _(get) 200 pictures from the spaceship.到昨晚9點(diǎn)鐘，我們已經(jīng)收到200 張飛船發(fā)來的圖片。had got（2）表示由過去的某一時(shí)刻開始，一直延續(xù)到過去過去的某一時(shí)刻開始，一直延續(xù)到過去另一時(shí)間的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)另一時(shí)間的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，常和for, since構(gòu)成的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。He said he _(work) in that factory since 1949.他說自從1949年以來他就在那家工廠工作。had work（3）敘述過去發(fā)生的事情，在已敘述了過去

21、發(fā)生的事情后，反過來追述或補(bǔ)述以前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作時(shí)，常使用過去完成時(shí)。I didnt know a thing about the verbs, for I had not studied my lesson.我對(duì)動(dòng)詞一無所知，因?yàn)槲覜]有好好學(xué)習(xí)功課。（4）在含有定語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句中，如果敘述的是過去的事，先發(fā)生的動(dòng)作常用過去完成時(shí)She found the key that she had lost.她丟失的鑰匙找到了。（5）過去完成時(shí)常常用在賓語(yǔ)從句（或間接引語(yǔ)）中，這時(shí)從句中的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句表示的過去的動(dòng)作之前。I thought I had sent the letter a week

22、before. 我認(rèn)為我一星期前就把信寄出去了。（6）動(dòng)詞think, want, hope, mean, plan, intend等用過去完成時(shí)等用過去完成時(shí)來表示過去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的想法，希望，打算或意圖過去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的想法，希望，打算或意圖等。We had hoped to be able to come and see you . 我們本來希望能來看看你。（7）過去完成時(shí)還可用在hardlywhen, no soonerthan, It was the first (second, etc) time (that)等固定句型中等固定句型中。It was the third time that

23、he had been out of work that year. 這是他那一年第三次失業(yè)了。語(yǔ)法判定1. 由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)來判定一般說來，各種時(shí)態(tài)都有特定的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。與過去完成時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有過去完成時(shí)常用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：常用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：by.; for.; since.,before. 等等。等等。（ 1 ） by + 過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)。如：I had finished reading the novel by nine oclock last night.（ 2 ） by the end of + 過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)。如：We had learned over two thousan

24、d English words by the end of last term.（ 3 ） before + 過去的時(shí)間過去的時(shí)間/點(diǎn)點(diǎn)。如：They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday.She had arrived at the village before 8 oclock last night. 昨晚8點(diǎn)之前她已到達(dá)這個(gè)村莊。Had he told you to go there earlier yet? 他告訴了你早點(diǎn)兒到那兒?jiǎn)幔縔es, he had. / No, he hadnt. 是的，他告訴了。/ 不，他沒有

25、。2. 由“過去的過去”來判定。過去完成時(shí)表示“過去的過去過去的過去”，是指過去某一動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作，即動(dòng)作有先后關(guān)系，動(dòng)作在前的用過動(dòng)作在前的用過去完成時(shí)，在后的用一般過去時(shí)。去完成時(shí)，在后的用一般過去時(shí)。She _(say) that she _(see) the film before.After he_(finish)his homework, he _(go) to bed.saidhad seenhad finishwent3. 3.將來完成時(shí)將來完成時(shí)shall+have+shall+have+過去分詞用于第一人稱過去分詞用于第一人稱will+have+will+ha

26、ve+過去分詞可用于所有人稱過去分詞可用于所有人稱將來完成時(shí)是用在表示在將來某一時(shí)間以前已經(jīng)完成或一直持續(xù)的動(dòng)作。經(jīng)常與before+將來時(shí)間或?qū)頃r(shí)間或by+將來時(shí)間連用將來時(shí)間連用，也可與before或by the time短語(yǔ)引導(dǎo)的現(xiàn)在時(shí)的從句連用。a. 狀態(tài)完成：表示某事繼續(xù)到將來某一時(shí)為止一直有的狀態(tài)。并在將來完成。b. 動(dòng)作完成：表示將來某一時(shí)或另一個(gè)將來的動(dòng)作之前，已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作或已獲得的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。I _ have been married for 20 years by then.You _ have reached Shanghai by this time tomorrow.s

27、hallwill/shall過去將來時(shí)過去將來時(shí)過去將來時(shí)表示從過去的某一時(shí)間來看將來要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。過去將來時(shí)常用于賓語(yǔ)從句和間接引語(yǔ)中。 過去將來時(shí)的出發(fā)點(diǎn)是過去，即從過去某一時(shí)刻看以后要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。形式:1.would / should do sth 2.was / were going to do sth 3.was / were to do sth 4.was / were about to do sth.I thought he would not attend that evening party. She said she was going to see yo

28、u this evening.At college,Barack Obama didnt know that he was to become the first black presdent of the United States of America.The US said that the war on Iraq was about to start in a week. 美國(guó)說伊拉克之戰(zhàn)將在一周后打響?，F(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)(have/has)+been+動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞+其他成分現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，是英語(yǔ)中，動(dòng)詞的一種基本時(shí)態(tài)。表示動(dòng)作從某一時(shí)間開始，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，或者剛剛終止，

29、或者可能仍然要繼續(xù)下去。(與since，for連用時(shí)，常常表示動(dòng)作會(huì)進(jìn)行下去)(一)表示從過去某時(shí)開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作，并且還將持續(xù)下去。The Chinese _(make) paper for two thousand years.中國(guó)有2000年的造紙歷史。 (動(dòng)作還將繼續(xù)下去動(dòng)作還將繼續(xù)下去)I _(learn) English since three years ago.自從三年前以來我一直在學(xué)英語(yǔ)。 (動(dòng)作還將繼續(xù)下去動(dòng)作還將繼續(xù)下去)(二)表示在說話時(shí)刻之前到現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。We_(wait) for you for half an hour.我們已經(jīng)等你半個(gè)鐘頭了 (人

30、還沒到，如同在電話里說的，還會(huì)繼續(xù)等還會(huì)繼續(xù)等)have been makinghave been learninghave been waiting總結(jié)幾種時(shí)態(tài)的區(qū)別1.一般過去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)2.一般過去時(shí)與過去完成時(shí)3.一般過去時(shí)與過去進(jìn)行時(shí)4.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)總結(jié)與解題技巧（1）在做有關(guān)時(shí)態(tài)的試題時(shí)，首先要確定動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間）在做有關(guān)時(shí)態(tài)的試題時(shí)，首先要確定動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間 根據(jù)句中根據(jù)句中明確的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或是時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞明確的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或是時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞來確定時(shí)間來確定時(shí)間 根據(jù)根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境上下文語(yǔ)境，挖掘其隱含信息，弄清楚時(shí)間的先，挖掘其隱含信息，弄清楚時(shí)間的先后順序，后順序，確定是

31、發(fā)生在過去、現(xiàn)在、將來還是現(xiàn)在確定是發(fā)生在過去、現(xiàn)在、將來還是現(xiàn)在。（2）對(duì)應(yīng)不同的時(shí)間要根據(jù)以下幾點(diǎn)確定時(shí)態(tài)的）對(duì)應(yīng)不同的時(shí)間要根據(jù)以下幾點(diǎn)確定時(shí)態(tài)的“體體”：動(dòng)：動(dòng)作作是否已完成、是否反復(fù)出現(xiàn)、是否是正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行中是否已完成、是否反復(fù)出現(xiàn)、是否是正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行中以及是否是按計(jì)劃和安排要做的事情以及是否是按計(jì)劃和安排要做的事情。1.- Im sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final.- I think so.He _ for it for months. (2008江蘇) A. is preparing B. was prepari

32、ng C. had been preparing D. has been preparing2. By the time he realizes he _ into a trap, itll be too late for him to do anything about it. (2008山東) A. walks B. walked C. has walked D. had walked3. So far this year we _ a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent. (2008福建) A. saw B. see C. h

33、ad seen D. have seenDCD4. Cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at Sunshine School, where she _ English for a year. (2007湖南) A. studies B. studied C. is studying D. has been studying5. Danny _ hard for long to realize his dream and now he is popular. (2007福建) A. works B. is working

34、 C. has worked D. had worked6. -I have got a headache.-No wonder. You_ in front of that computer too long. A. work B. are working C. have been working D. worked7. The unemployment rate in this district_ from 6% to 5% in the past two years. (2007上海) A. has fallen B. had fallen C. is falling D. was fa

35、llingDCCA8、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_ it twice. A. will see B. have seen C. saw D.see9、-These farmers have been to the United States. -Really ? When _ there ? A. will they go B. did they go C. do they go D. have they gone10、-_ you _ your homework yet? -Yes . I _ it a moment ago. A. Did; do

36、; finished B. Have; done; finished C. Have; done; have finished D. will; do; finishBAC11、 His father _ the Party since 1978. A. joined B. has joined C. was in D. has been in12、-Do you know him well ? - Sure.We _ friends since ten years ago. A. were B. have been C. have become D. have made13、-How lon

37、g have you _ here? -About two months. A. been B. gone C. come D. arrived14、Hurry up! The play _ for ten minutes. A. has begun B. had begun C. has been on D. beganBBbeA動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) 是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受著主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受著，也就是動(dòng)作的對(duì)象。 （be+動(dòng)詞過去分詞）動(dòng)詞過去分詞） In some parts of the world,tea is served with mil

38、k and sugar.在世界的一些地方，茶被提供的時(shí)候會(huì)加牛奶和糖。在世界的一些地方，茶被提供的時(shí)候會(huì)加牛奶和糖。 1.They grow tea in Southeast China. Tea is grown in Southeast China. （被動(dòng)）（被動(dòng)）2. She often takes care of the baby. The baby is often taken care of by her（被動(dòng)）（被動(dòng)）3.The boys played football last Sunday. Football was played by the boys last Sunday. 4.