譯林版牛津英語(yǔ)8Bunit4單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)及測(cè)試卷【實(shí)用版】

1、8B Unit 4 A good read單元重點(diǎn)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總覽1. decided用作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“決定”，后跟名詞、代詞、動(dòng)詞不定式或從句等。 名詞形式是decision, make a decision意為“做決定（去做某事）”2. do with意為“處理,處置,對(duì)待”，常與疑問(wèn)詞what連用。PS： do with=deal with （常與疑問(wèn)詞 how 連用）3. reach用作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“接觸，拿到匕后面跟表示地點(diǎn)的名詞，意為“到達(dá), 抵達(dá)=4. be interested in意為"對(duì)感興趣”。后面跟名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞做賓語(yǔ)，與have/take interest

2、 in 互換5. crash（crashed,crashed）用作不及物動(dòng)詞，意為"碰撞，倒下，墜落"6. asas one can/could 表示"盡某人所能"，相肖于 asas possibleo7. by the time意為"到時(shí)為止”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。8. be tired out意為“精疲力盡e tired of意為“對(duì)感到厭煩”9. as連詞，意為“當(dāng).的時(shí)候”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。彳列女口： As time goes on, he knows his students10. tie（tied,tied,tying）用作及物動(dòng)詞

3、，意為“捆，綁，系”，tie.to意為"把系/捆到上=be tired to是它的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，意為“被捆到上”11. until用作連詞，意為“直到為止S在（某一特定的時(shí)間）之前，其主要 用法有:與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用時(shí)，表示“直到.”，動(dòng)詞用肯定形式，指主句的動(dòng) 作一直持續(xù)到until后的動(dòng)作發(fā)生為止；not.until.意為“直到才S主 句動(dòng)詞通常為非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，指主句的動(dòng)作一直到until后的動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)才發(fā)生。12. the same size as意為"和一樣尺寸,與一樣大小"。例如: My mother shoes are the same size as mi

4、ne.13. the same as 意為"和一樣"14. the same.as意為"和一樣"15. shout at意為"沖大喊大叫”16. make sb. do sth.意為"是某人做某事”，省略to的動(dòng)詞不定式在 make后作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。17. fall over意為“摔倒”,fall down意為“摔倒，落下=fall off意為“從上摔下”18. continue用作及物動(dòng)詞，意為"繼續(xù)continue doing sth表示"繼續(xù)做某事”， 另外，continue后也可跟動(dòng)詞不定式，continue

5、 to do sth也表示"繼續(xù)做某事”19. one of.意為“.之一”，of后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或賓語(yǔ)代詞呢的復(fù)數(shù)?！皁ne Of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞/代詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。one of后的名詞前經(jīng)常 用形容詞最高級(jí)修飾，即“皿oMie+形容詞最高級(jí)+復(fù)數(shù)名詞匕 意為“最 的之一”20. manage用作及物動(dòng)詞，意為"勉強(qiáng)完成manage to do sth意為“設(shè)法做成某 事”。21 keep doing somethingkeep doing sth.意為"不斷地做某事”keep on doing sth意為"反復(fù)做某事”keep sb. f

6、rom doing sth.意為"阻止某人做某事",from不可省略。22. unable形容詞，意為"不能的,不會(huì)的unable只能作表語(yǔ)，(be) unable to do sth意為"不能做某事”,相當(dāng)于(be ) not able to do sth.23. ask for意為"請(qǐng)求"，ask sb. for意為"向某人請(qǐng)求"24. advise及物動(dòng)詞，意為“建議，勸告”，后面常接名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞或賓語(yǔ) 從句。advise sb. to do sth.意為“建議某人做某事"。25. teach

7、 oneself 意為"自學(xué)"，相當(dāng)于 leaniby oneselfo26. teach sb.(how)to do sth.意為"教某人(如何)做某事"。27. on time意為"按時(shí)，準(zhǔn)時(shí)"28. in time意為“及時(shí)”29. advice不可數(shù)名詞，意為“建議，忠告，勸告"，表示“一條建議”用a/one piece of advice,表示"一些建議'用 some advice.30. confidence不可數(shù)名詞，意為"信心have confidence in意為"對(duì)有

8、信心"。語(yǔ)法一、賓語(yǔ)從句，就是用一個(gè)句子來(lái)充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)，放在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的后面。 學(xué)習(xí)賓語(yǔ)從句要注意一下兒個(gè)問(wèn)題 賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞A當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句是陳述句時(shí)，用that引導(dǎo)，that?？墒÷?。例如:I know that the boy is from Japan.B當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句是一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，用if或whether引導(dǎo)。 彳列如:I want to know if he will come back tomorrow.C當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句是特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，用疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)。例 如: He didn't know when his mother was bom. 賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序賓語(yǔ)從句一定要用陳述句的語(yǔ)

9、序例如:Can you tell me where he stayed last night? 賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)當(dāng)主句是現(xiàn)在時(shí)時(shí)，從句用所需的任何時(shí)態(tài)，當(dāng)主句是過(guò)去時(shí)時(shí)，從句用過(guò)去時(shí) 態(tài)的某種時(shí)態(tài)。例如: He said he was playing games at that time.二、疑問(wèn)詞+動(dòng)詞不定式：由兩部分構(gòu)成：疑問(wèn)詞和動(dòng)詞不定式(wh-+Sdo) o 疑問(wèn)詞部分包括疑問(wèn)代詞who, whom, what, which和whose以及疑問(wèn)副詞when, where和how。此外，連接詞“whether”也適用.它主要具有以下兒種功能： 當(dāng)主語(yǔ)例如： When to hold the

10、 meeting has not yet been decided.Where to live is a problem. 賓語(yǔ)， 常接在 forget, find out, discuss, decide, tell, teach, know, learn, wonder, remember等動(dòng)詞之后作賓語(yǔ)例如: We must know what to say at a meeting.He could not tell whom to trust.Do you know how to play bridge? 當(dāng)表語(yǔ)，例如: The problem is where to find th

11、e financial aid.The question is who to elect 當(dāng)名詞同位語(yǔ)，如：例如：Tom had no idea which book to read first.The question whether to confess troubled the girl. 用于賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，雙重賓語(yǔ)。某些動(dòng)詞后可接“sb.+疑問(wèn)詞+不定式”構(gòu)成的雙 重賓語(yǔ)，這類動(dòng)詞常用的有advise, ask, show, teach, tell等三、must與have to的區(qū)別情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must和have to都有"必須”的含義，它們的用法如下：must “必須S “應(yīng)該叩

12、勺用法：1. must表示“必須”、“應(yīng)該”。例如: We must protect our environment.Everyone must obey the rule.2. must的否定形式must not表示“不應(yīng)該”、“禁止”、“不準(zhǔn)”。語(yǔ)氣比較強(qiáng)烈。例 女口 ： You mustn't speak like that.You mustif t be late for school.3. 在回答must的問(wèn)句時(shí)，肯定形式用must來(lái)回答，但否定形式用needn't或don't have to來(lái)回答。而不用mustnt來(lái)回答例如: Must I be home

13、 before 8 o'clock?Yes, you mustNo, you needn't./No, you dont have to.©have to表示“必須”、“不得不”， 例如:He has to stay in bed for 3 or 4 days.We will have to get up early tomorrow.補(bǔ)充：have got to是have to的口語(yǔ)形式。例如:Fve got to leave for Nanjing.*Must與have to的區(qū)別：must表示的是說(shuō)話人的主觀看法，而have to則表示的是客觀需要。Must

14、般 只有現(xiàn)在時(shí)，而have to有更多的形式。（3）Have to 與 have got to 的區(qū)別：have got to雖然是have to的口語(yǔ)形式，但二者在用法上有嚴(yán)格的區(qū)別：have to 的前面還可以用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或助動(dòng)詞，而have got to卻不可以；have to的否定形 式為 donVdoesn /didnt +have to,疑問(wèn)式為 Do/Does/Did + 主語(yǔ) + have to.?而 have got to的否定形式是在have后加not凝問(wèn)式把have提前。r X：We don，t have to go homer©Do you have to go

15、 home?:ME haven't got to go home Have you got to go home?單元重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)歸納J1. do with 處理2. not as +形容詞/副詞原級(jí)+as.不如3in one，s spare time在某人空閑時(shí)間4. be tired out筋疲力盡5. by the time到的時(shí)候6. wake up 醒來(lái)7. all over 遍及8. look down 向下看9. shout at sb.朝某人喊10. talk to sb.和某人交談11. hand in 上交12. so far到目前為止13. by the way順便問(wèn)

16、一下14. how long 多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間15. look for 尋找16. an army of 大群17. less than不到，少于18. more than超過(guò)，多于19. open up開(kāi)啟，開(kāi)創(chuàng)20. translate .into. 把譯成21. share.with. 與分享22. different typeset of 不同類型的23. one of+名詞/代詞復(fù)數(shù)之一24. get away 離開(kāi)25. as.as one can 盡可能地句型歸納1. have to do sth.必須/不得不做某事2. like doing/to do sth.喜歡做某事3. give

17、 sth. to sb.給某人某物4. make sb. do sth.使某人做某事5. be tied to the ground 被捆綁到地上6. manage to do sth.設(shè)法做某事7. see sb. doing sth.看見(jiàn)某人正在做某事8. how many+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) 多少9. be interested in對(duì)什么感興趣10. used to do sth.過(guò)去常常做某事11. forget to do sth.忘記做某事12. spend.doing sth.花費(fèi)做某事13. remember to do sth.記得去做某事14. refuse to do sth

18、.拒絕做某事15. help sb. do sth.幫助某人做某事8B Unit 4單元測(cè)試（A）卷一、短語(yǔ)翻譯（每題1分，共io分）4.摔倒1.處理 2.對(duì).感興趣3. 精疲力盡5上交，遞交 6等等7.到的時(shí)候8.請(qǐng)求（給與）9準(zhǔn)時(shí) 10.在某人的業(yè)余時(shí)間里二、單項(xiàng)選擇(每題1分，共15分)()1 Do you know which book doesn't belong to the four great classicalChinese novelsOf course I know , it，sABCD()2. Would you please tell meto deal wi

19、th all the problems, Mr. Chen?No problem A. howB. whyC. whatD. which()3. Why are there many books on the ground?Her anns aren't long enough tothe books on the deskA. reachB comeC take Dcarry()4. Althoughmy ideas,lie didn't come up with his own.A. againstB onC for D in()5. Aren't you tire

20、ddoing thesame work all the year round?A. ofB withC. fromD. across()6. _ What does the word "fall” mean? .A. SpringB SummerC AutumnD Winter.()7. What fun The Hero is!Yeah! I like the movie, too. It's soA. boringB scaryC interesting D. sad()8. In April the weather in some places in Jiangsu w

21、as really changeable.People still remember they havefour seasons in a weekA. organizedB experiencedC describedDremembered()9. Jack didn't tell the tmth but his motherA. found it outB found itC found out itD find it out()10. Thereno difference between the two twins，I really don't knowA. what

22、to chooseC to choose which()11.-Hey, man. You can't cross thetraffic light turns green.-Oh, sorry and thank youA. whenB. after()12. Here is the book. First,B which to chooseD. to choose whatstreet now You have to waittheC. untilD. whileit and then tell me what you think of it.A. look intoB look

23、throughC. look upD. look after()13.Jim, read books while you are walking in the street. It's verydangerous A. don'tB. doesn'tC. won'tD. cant()14.-Oh, it's raining hard-Be careful! The roadbe wet.A. couldB. mustC mightD can()15.Could you give me someon how to learn English? Sure P

24、ractice makes perfect.A. advice; goodB suggestions; goodC advice; wellD. suggestion; well三、完形填空(每題I分，共10分)When I was eleven years old, God gave me a gift of happiness One day, on my way home from school, a truck ran over me and cut off my 1 As I lay there bleeding, I realized that I might have to li

25、ve the rest of my life 2 legs How depressing (令人沮喪的)!3 then I realized that depression won' t get my legsback So I decided not to 4 my life feeling depressed When my parents arrived at the 5, they were shocked and sad. I told them, "I've already 6 the fact.Now you also have to get used

26、to this."Ever since then, I often see my friends getting 7 about little things: their bus comes late; they get a bad grade on a test. But I just 8 life.I was lucky to realize that it is a waste of energy to focus on what you have 9 . and that the key to happiness is to take pleasure in what you

27、 have Sounds simple, doesn t it? So 10 are many people unhappy?()1 A.armsB. legsC.feetD. fingers()2. A.withoutB. byC.onD.with()3. A.SoB.OrC.ButD.Once()4. A.spareB.devoteC.influenceD.waste()5. A.hotelB.hospitalC.stationD.school()6. A.believedB. acceptedC.refusedD.received()7. A.worriedB.guiltyC.excit

28、edD.curious()8. A.hateB.enjoyC.saveD.dislike()9. A.struggledB. supportedC.lostD.completed()10.A.howB.whyC.whenD.whether四. 閱讀理解(每題2分，共30分)AIn the 1920s and 30s the airlines were just beginning It was unusual for people to travel by air because it was expensive and dangerous In those days, there were

29、no flight attendants to look after the passengers. Young men ,or "stewards" helped the passengers onto the aiiplane and earned the passengers5 luggage(亍李)but they did not provide food and drinks. But then in 1930. j woman called Ellen Church invented the "stewardess”.Ellen Church was

30、born in 1904 on a farm in Iowa She was a different child. She didnt want to work on a farm or many a farmer she wanted a more adventurous(冒險(xiǎn)的)life. Ellen studied to be a nurse at the University of Minnesota and then got a job in a hospital. For the next few years she stayed at the hospital but also

31、took flying lessons and got her pilot's licenseEllen was twenty-five years old when she first got in touch with Boeing Air Transport She loved flying but she understood that aiiliiies were a man's world. Although women like Emelia Earheart were becoming famous, she realized it was impossible

32、 for a woman to have a career as a pilot But she had another idea Most people were frightened of flying because flying was still an unreliable(不可靠的)way to travel. There were often delays(延誤),mimy crashes and the bad weathers made many passengers sick. Ellen thought nurses could take care of passenge

33、rs during flights and B.A.T. agreedThe young woman from Iowa and seven other nurses became the first air stewardesses.At first pilots were unhappy because they did not want stewardesses on airplanes, but passengers loved the stewardesses In 1940 there were around 1000 of them working for different a

34、irlines The early "stewardesses had to be under twentyfive-year-old, single and slim. When a woman joined an airline, she had to promise not to get maiTied or have children. It was hard job and not well paid They worked long hours and earned $ 1 an hour.In the 1970s, stewardesses were unhappy i

35、n their job and airlines had to make some changes Since the 1970s, ustewardessesv have been called flight attendants They are well paid and work fewer hours than in the past.()1 The last sentence of the first paragraph suggests thatA. the word stewardess' was made up by Ellen ChurchB. Ellen Chur

36、ch was the first woman who flew a planeC Ellen Church was the first woman who worked on a planeD Ellen Church was the first woman passenger on a plane ()2. From the second paragraph, we learn thatA. Ellen did not behave in the same way as most as other girlsB. Ellen's family was not rich enough

37、to support her educationC. Ellen was fond of working as a nurse in the hospitalD. Ellen has an unhappy childhood that changed her completely()3. The main reason for Boeing Air Transport offering Ellen the job wasA. her flying experienceB her university educationC. her nursing experienceD. her life a

38、ttitudes()4. According to the passage, in the 1940s a woman had to if shewanted to be a stewardessA. be a nurse B be married C be a motherD be young()5. The passage mainly talks aboutA. the background of early flying pilotsB the experience of flying passengersC. the history of early flight attendant

39、sD. the development of airplanesBThe most common form of public transportation is the buses They provide transportation service on innumerable routes from the city center to the suburbs and even to outlying rural areas that surround the city. Also, special buses can be chartered for trips to the mou

40、ntains, to lakes, and to nearby places of historical interest. In some cities, the city bus system offers free “mini-bus" service as a convenience to shoppers in the downtown business district.Subways are mostly found in larger cities, such as New York, London, Tokyo, Paris and so on. The subwa

41、y is an underground system of high-speed trains. The world's first system was built in London, and trains have been operating there since 1890 Subway trains move more quickly and efficiently than buses They, too, are inexpensive and help solve city traffic problems. The one drawback of subway tr

42、ains is that they are often crowded and noisy.Taxicabs are more expensive than buses or subways, but they will deliver you to the exact location you want in the shortest time possibly. Taxis are convenient if you are in a hurry or if you are taking a number of suitcases or packagesIf you ever visit

43、a major city in another country, you will probably have no trouble getting around. You will quickly find out about city bus routes and schedules, about crowds on subway trains, and about the scarcity of taxis when you are trying to find one during rush hours Like many people, of course, you may come

44、 to the conclusion that the most inexpensive and reliable form of transportation will be your own two legs!()6. What is the common form of public transportation?A. Bicycles and horsesB. Taxicabs and horsesC Subways, taxi and busesD. High-speed trains underground and suburbs()7. Why do people like to

45、 take buses?A. Because buses run faster than the othersB. Because buses cost much more than the othersC. Because the others are not safeD. Because buses are the cheapest of all these()8. What does "minibus” mean?A. It means that a kind of bus only runs in the mid-night.B. 11 is another name of

46、the busC It means that this kind of bus is very small.D. It means that this is a special kind of bus for shoppers to carry goods ()9. The subway is a kind of high-speed train undergroundA. that runs only on the suburb routes.B. that was first used in London, New York and Tokyo.C and is mostly being

47、operated in some big cities.D. Both A and B()10. Which of the following is true according to the above?A. The public transportation is only for the richB. Subway was used earlier than busesC Taxicab is free.D. In the big crowded cities, you'll find your own two legs will be the cheapest and the

48、most reliable form of transportation.cIt is well-known that it will take travelers only 48 hours by train to go from Beijing to Lhasa, the capital of west Chinas Tibet on July 1 this year. Travelers can enjoy the beautiful views during the 48 hour train ride.The new railway line will be controlled b

49、y the Beijing's West Railway Station from July 1, 2006 The most important part of the line, the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, has been completed.The Qinghai-Tibet part of the railway is the worlds highest railway. About 960 kilometers of the train tracks are 4,000 meters above sea level. The highest pa

50、rts reach 5,072 metersThe railway is the world s longest plateau railroad which is 1,956 kilometers long, from Qinghai's capital Xining to Lhasa in Tibet. The Golniud-Lhasa part is 1J42 kilometers long and goes across the Kunlun and Tangelo mountain ranges.The trains running on the Qinghai-Tibet

51、 Railway have very good conditions If the passengers feel hard to breathe, they will be provided with oxygen masks, because all of the trains have oxygen supplying equipment.()11 It will take people 48 hours by train to go to Lhasa from BeijingA. from now onB next July 1C. from July 1, 2006D. from J

52、uly 1, 2005()12 When we talk about the Qinghai-Tibet part of the railway, we say.A. the railway iswell-knownB the railwayis thehighestC. it is easy to operateD it was completedeasily( )13 The highest parts of Qinghai-Tibet Railway reachmeters.A. 960B. 4,000C. 5,072D. 1,956()14. In the last paragraph

53、, the phrase "oxygen masks” meansA.氧氣面罩B.望遠(yuǎn)鏡C.熱水D.藥品()15 The best title of the passage isA. Travel from Beijing to Lhasa B QinghaiTibet RailwayC. Train with Best ConditionsD. Well-Known Railway五、任務(wù)型閱讀(每題1分，共10分)閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文中的信息完成文后的表格(每空一詞)Do you want to be the most popular person in the class?

54、You don't need to change your character; you just need to improve your personality. The most popular people are trusted (信任)and loved because they stay normal but still have something that makes them different from the rest of us. Here are some pieces of advice on how to become the most popular

55、person in the classIf you want others to like and respect (尊重)you, you have to start by liking yourself. Do not change yourself in order to please othersBe helpful to everyone and d it happily. Being nice to people is almost like helping them, too, because by being nice you make others happy.Be acti

56、ve and have a positive attitude (積極"勺態(tài)度)towards life. Develop confidence in yourself.Stay clean and wear fresh clothes. Do not try to follow fashion to please othersRespect cannot be bought with big words or money. You have to get it by being honest. It also helps your personal growth You must

57、be a person that can be trusted to get respect.To be a1personSome 什 “ng you dont need to do Dorft trv to follow2or change vourself tomake others pleased You can"3respect with big words ormoney.Something you 4 to do Win others，respect5liking vourself. Be honest, helpful and6to everyoneHave an7and positive attitude towards life anddevelop confidence in yourself. 8fresh clothes and keep cleanConclus