高三英語必考知識點總結(jié)梳理五篇分享

1、高三英語必考知識點總結(jié)梳理最新五篇分享 英語語法是針對英語語言進行研究后，英語語法系統(tǒng)地總結(jié)歸納出來的一系列語言規(guī)那么。英語語法的精髓在于掌握語言的使用。下面就是給大家?guī)淼母呷⒄Z知識點總結(jié)，希望能幫助到大家！ 一. 直接引語和間接引語 (一)直接引述別人的原話，叫做直接引語;用自己話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話，叫做間接引語。間接引語一般構(gòu)成賓語從句。直接引語必須放在引號內(nèi)，間接引語那么不用引號。直接引語改為間接引語時，除將引語局部變成賓語從句外，還必須對直接引語中的人稱、時態(tài)、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語等進行改變。 1. 時態(tài)的變化：直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時，通常受轉(zhuǎn)述動詞said, asked等的影響

2、而使用過去化的時態(tài)，即把原來的時態(tài)向過去推，也就是一般現(xiàn)在時變?yōu)橐话氵^去時，現(xiàn)在進行時變?yōu)檫^去進行時，等等。例如： tom said to me,“my brother is doing his homework.” tom said to me that his brother was doing his homework. 2. 人稱代詞、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語等等的變化： 根據(jù)意義進行相應(yīng)的變化，例如： she asked jack,“where have you been?” she asked jack where he had been. he said,“these boo

3、ks are mine.” he said that those books were his. (二)直接引語改為間接引語時，都使用陳述語序，但是因為原句的句式不同，所以變成間接引語時所用的連詞會有所不同。直接引語如果是一般疑問句，用連接詞whether或if;如果是特殊疑問句，那么用疑問詞引導(dǎo)間接引語。轉(zhuǎn)述的動詞一般用asked，可以在其后加上一個間接賓語me, him, her, us等。如： she said,“is your father at home?” she asked me if/whether my father was at home. “what do you do

4、every sunday?”my friend asked me. my friend asked me what i did every sunday. 直接引語如果是祈使句，改為間接引語時，要將祈使句的動詞原形變?yōu)閹o的不定式，并在不定式的前面根據(jù)原句的語氣(即請求或命令)加上ask, tell, order等動詞，如果祈使句為否認式，那么在不定式前加not。其句型為：ask / tell / order someone (not) to do something. 例如： she said to us,“please sit down.” she asked us to sit dow

5、n. he said to him,“go away!” he ordered him to go away. he said, “dont make so much noise, boys.” he told the boys not to make so much noise. 一、現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞的構(gòu)成(形式) 外教一對一 一般式 doing being done .yangjiajiao. 完成式 having done having been done 過去分詞的構(gòu)成：done 二、過去分詞的用法 過去分詞一般表示完成的和被動的動作，只有一種形式。 過去分詞用法如下： 1.作定語

6、和現(xiàn)在分詞作定語的用法相同。作定語用的過去分詞如果是單詞，一般放在名詞的前面;如果是過去分詞短語，要放在名詞的后面。 2.作表語 3.作賓語補足語 4.作狀語 三、現(xiàn)在分詞的用法 1. 作定語 作定語用的分詞如果是單詞，一般放在名詞的前面。如果是分詞短語，一般放在名詞的后面，它的功用相當(dāng)于定語從句。 2. 作表語 3. 作賓語補足語 分詞在復(fù)合賓語中可作賓語補足語。可帶這種復(fù)合賓語的動詞有：see, watch, hear, feel, find, get, keep等。 【現(xiàn)在進行時】 1. 表示現(xiàn)在 (說話瞬間) 正在進行或發(fā)生的動作。 例句 he is reading a newspap

7、er now. 2. 表示當(dāng)前一段時間內(nèi)的活動或現(xiàn)階段正在進行的動作 (說話時動作不一定正在進行)。 例句 what are you doing these days? 3. 表示說話人現(xiàn)在對主語的行為表示贊嘆或厭惡等, 常與always, constantly, continually等副詞連用。 例句 he is always thinking of others. 4. 表示在最近按方案或安排要進行的動作。常限于go, e, leave, start, arrive等表“移動”、“方向”的詞。 例句 he is ing to see me next week. 【過去進行時】 1. 表示

8、過去某時正在進行的動作。 例句 he was sleeping when mary came to see him. 2. 動詞go, e, leave, arrive, start等的過去進行時常表過去將來時。 例句 she said she was going to beijing the day after tomorrow. 【一般現(xiàn)在時】 1. 表示現(xiàn)在習(xí)慣或經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài), 常與usually, always, sometimes, often, every day / week / month / year等時間狀語連用。 例句 he often does his

9、 homework in his study. 2. 表示主語現(xiàn)在的特征、性格和狀態(tài)。 例句 the dictionary belongs to me. 3. 表示客觀規(guī)律或科學(xué)真理、格言, 以及其他不受時間限制的客觀存在。 例句 the moon goes around the sun. 4. 在有連詞if, unless, before, as soon as, when, once, however等引導(dǎo)的時間、條件和讓步狀語從句中, 用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來。 例句 if you work hard, you wont fail in the exam. 【知識點】 1.right away

10、毫不遲疑，立刻 2.it seemed as if the world was at an end.世界似乎到了末日。 從句表示“(在某人)看來好似;似乎” it seems/looks/appears as if/though看起來好似 sb./sth.looks as if/though there seems/appears(to be) there appears to have been a mistake. 2.in ruins.變?yōu)閺U墟 3.two-thirds 4.workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been

11、 destroyed. 5.under the weight of在重壓下，迫于 6.in the open air在戶外，在野外，露天 7.take turns to do sth依次，輪流做某事 in turn依次地，輪流地 8.be shocked at對感到震驚 9.be proud of以為自豪 10.express ones thanks to sb/for sth對/因表示感謝 11.without warning毫無預(yù)兆 12.next to緊接著，相鄰，次于 13.get away from防止，擺脫，離開 14.disaster-hit areas災(zāi)區(qū) 15.listeni

12、ng to english is a very important skill because it is only when we understand what is said to us that we can have a conversation with somebody. 聽英語是一項很重要的技能，因為只有當(dāng)我們懂得別人給我們說什么我們才能與他交談。 16.it is believed that人們認為 17.hold up舉起;托住;支撐列舉，推舉 18.make up彌補,虛構(gòu),和解,化裝,拼湊 19.be trapped in被困于 20.it is said that據(jù)說

13、. 21.be fixed to被固定到 22.be tied to被綁在 1. the reason why he could not go there was that his grades were too low. 他沒能上電影學(xué)院是因為他的分數(shù)太低了。 該句巾的why引導(dǎo)一個定語從句，而that引導(dǎo)表語從句。 1. 句中that引導(dǎo)的表語從句說明主語reason的具體內(nèi)容，往往被看作是固定句型：the reason is / was that clause. 當(dāng)主語是reason / cause時，一般不能用because或why引導(dǎo)表語從句，以免造成語意重復(fù)。當(dāng)主語是this /

14、that時，可以由because / why引導(dǎo)表語從句。例如：one reason is that people traveled to america from all european countries. 【考例】(nmet 1999) - i drove to zhuhai for the air show last week. - is that you had a few days off? a. why b. when c. what d. where 考查目標(biāo) 表語從句。 答案與解析a 句子的意思是“那就是你請了幾天假的原因嗎?”因此可知答案為why。 2. why在句中是關(guān)

15、系副詞，引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞reason，同時它在定語從句中作狀語，此時why = for which，但要注意：關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作主語或賓語時，要用關(guān)系代詞that或which。 【考例】(xx上海春招)is this the reason at the meeting for his carelessness in his work? a. he explained b. what he explained c. how he explained d. why he explained 考查目標(biāo)定語從句。 答案與解析a what，how不能引導(dǎo)定語從句，排除b、c兩項;the rea

16、son在定語從句中作explained的賓語，可填that / which，或者也可以省略。 2. many people who saw the film were afraid to swim in the sea when they remembered the scenes in which people were eaten by the shark. 好多看過這個片子的人一想起片中鯊魚食人的場面.就不敢下海游泳了。 該句是一個復(fù)雜長句，從when到句子末尾是狀語從句，在從句中包含一個由which引導(dǎo)的定語從句，修飾先行詞scenes; 在前面的主句里面。包含一個由who引導(dǎo)的定語從句，修飾先行詞people。例如：those who want to go camping next sunday sign your name here before cla