上海高考英語中易混淆的詞匯素材(共35頁)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上2011上海高考英語中易混淆的詞匯 1. clothes, cloth, clothingclothes 統(tǒng)指各種衣服，謂語動(dòng)詞永遠(yuǎn)是復(fù)數(shù)；cloth 指布，為不可數(shù)名詞；clothing 服裝的總稱，指一件衣服用a piece of, an article of2. incident, accidentincident 指小事件；accident 指不幸的事故，例：He was killed in the accident.3. amount, numberamount 后接不可數(shù)名詞；number 后接可數(shù)名詞，例：a number of students4. f

2、amily, house, homehome 家，包括住處和家人；house 房子，住宅；family 家庭成員，例：My family is a happy one.5. sound, voice, noisesound 自然界各種各樣的聲音；voice 人的嗓音；noise 噪音，例：I hate the loud noise outside.6. photo, picture, drawingphoto 用照相機(jī)拍攝的照片；picture 可指相片，圖片，電影片， 例：Let's go and see a good picture.drawing 畫的畫。7. vocabular

3、y, wordvocabulary 詞匯，一個(gè)人擁有的單詞量，例：He has a large vocabulary.word 具體的單詞。8. population, peoplepopulation 人口，人數(shù)，例：China has a large population.people 具體的人。9. weather, climateweather 一天內(nèi)具體的天氣狀況；climate 長期的氣候狀況，例：The climate here is not good for you.10. road, street, path, wayroad 具體的公路，馬路，例：take this roa

4、dstreet 街道，例：in the streetpath 小路，小徑；way 道路，途徑，例：Show me the way to the museum.11. course, subjectcourse 課程（可包括多門科目），例：a summer coursesubject 科目（具體的學(xué)科）12. custom, habitcustom 傳統(tǒng)風(fēng)俗，習(xí)俗，也可指生活習(xí)慣，后接to do；habit 生活習(xí)慣，習(xí)慣成自然，后接of doing. 例：I've got the habit of drinking a lot.13. cause, reasoncause 指造成某一事

5、實(shí)或現(xiàn)象的直接原因，后接of sth./doing sth；reason 用來解釋某種現(xiàn)象或結(jié)果的理由，后接for sth./doing sth. 例：the reason for being late14. exercise, exercises, practiceexercise 運(yùn)動(dòng)，鍛煉（不可數(shù)）；exercises 練習(xí)（可數(shù)）；practice（反復(fù)做的）練習(xí)，例：Practice makes perfect.15. class, lesson作“課”解時(shí)，兩者可以替換。指課文用lesson，例：Lesson 6，第6課；指班級(jí)或全體學(xué)生用class，例：Class 5，5班。16

6、. speech, talk, lecturespeech 指在公共場所所做的經(jīng)過準(zhǔn)備的較正式的演說；talk 日常生活中的一般的談話，講話；lecture 學(xué)術(shù)性的演講，講課，例：a series of lecture on17. officer, officialofficer 部隊(duì)的軍官，例：an army officerofficial 政府官員。18. work, job二者均指工作。work 不可數(shù)；job 可數(shù)，例：a good job19. couple, paircouple 主要指人或動(dòng)物；pair 多指由兩部分組成的東西，例：a pair of trousers20. c

7、ountry, nation, state, landcountry 側(cè)重指版圖，疆域；nation 指人民，國民，民族；state 側(cè)重指政府，政體；land 國土，國家，例：The whole nation was sad at the news.21. cook, cookercook 廚師，例：He is a good cook.cooker 廚具。22. damage, damagesdamage 不可數(shù)名詞，損害，損失；damages 復(fù)數(shù)形式，賠償金，例：$900 damages23. police, policemanpolice 警察的總稱，后接復(fù)數(shù)謂語動(dòng)詞，例：The po

8、lice are questioning everyone in the house.policeman 指某個(gè)具體的警察。24. problem, questionproblem 常和困難連系，前面的動(dòng)詞常為think about, solve, raise；question 常和疑問連系，多和ask, answer連用。25. man, a manman 人類；a man 一個(gè)男人，例：Man will conquer nature.26. chick, chicken二者均可指小雞，chicken還可以當(dāng)雞肉；例：The chicken is delicious.27. telegram

9、, telegraph當(dāng)電報(bào)解時(shí)，telegram指具體的；例：a telegramtelegraph指抽象的；例：by telegraph28. trip, journey, travel, voyagetravel 是最常用的；trip 指短期的旅途；例：a three-day tripjourney 指稍長的旅途；voyage 指海上航行。29. sport, gamesport 多指戶外的游戲或娛樂活動(dòng)，如打球，游泳，打獵，賽馬等；例：His favorite sport is swimming.game 指決定勝負(fù)的游戲，通常有一套規(guī)則。30. price, prizeprice 價(jià)

10、格；例：The price is high/low.prize 獎(jiǎng)，獎(jiǎng)品，獎(jiǎng)金；例：win the first prize31. a number of, the number ofa number of 許多，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；the number of 的數(shù)目，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。例：The number of students is increasing.32. in front of, in the front ofin front of 范圍外的前面；in the front of 范圍內(nèi)的前面 例：In the front of the room sits a boy.33. of th

11、e day, of a dayof the day 每一天的，當(dāng)時(shí)的，當(dāng)代的，例：a famous scientist of the day；of a day 暫時(shí)的，不長久的。34. three of us, the three of usthree of us 我們（不止三個(gè)）中的三個(gè)；the three of us 我們?nèi)齻€(gè)（就三個(gè)人）例：The three of us - Tom, Jack and I went to the cinema.35. by bus, on the busby bus 表手段，方式，不用冠詞，例：They went there by bus.on the

12、bus 表范圍。36. for a moment, for the momentfor a moment 片刻，一會(huì)兒，例：Thinking for a moment, he agreed.for the moment 暫時(shí)，一時(shí)。37. next year, the next yearnext year 將來時(shí)間狀語；the next year 過去將來時(shí)間狀語，例：He said he would go abroad the next year.38. more than a year, more than one yearmore than a year 一年多；more than on

13、e year 超過一年（兩年或三年等）。39. take advice, take the(one's) advicetake advice 征求意見；take the advice 接受忠告 例：He refused to take the advice and failed again.40. take air, take the airtake air 傳播，走漏；take the air 到戶外去，散步 例：We take the air every day.41. in a word, in wordsin a word 總之，一句話，例：In a word, you are

14、 right.in words 口頭上。42. in place of, in the place ofin place of 代替；in the place of 在地方，例：A new building is built in the place of the old one.43. in secret, in the secretin secret 秘密地，暗自地，偷偷地，一般用作狀語；in the secret 知道內(nèi)情，知道秘密，一般用作表語，例：My mother was in the secret from the beginning.44. a girl, one girla

15、girl 可泛指所有女孩；one girl 一個(gè)女孩，例：Can one girl carry such a big box?45. take a chair, take the chairtake a chair 相當(dāng)于sit down坐下；take the chair 開始開會(huì)。46. go to sea, by seago to sea 當(dāng)海員，出航；by sea 乘船，由海路；by the sea 在海邊。47. the doctor and teacher, the doctor and the teacherthe doctor and teacher 指一個(gè)人，既是醫(yī)生又是老師；

16、the doctor and the teacher 兩個(gè)人，一個(gè)醫(yī)生和一個(gè)老師。48. in office, in the officein office 在職的，例：He is in office, not out of office.in the office 在辦公室里。49. in bed, on the bedin bed 臥在床上，例：He is ill in bed.on the bed 在床上，例：The book is on the bed.50. in charge of, in the charge ofin charge of 管理，負(fù)責(zé)照料，例：He is in c

17、harge of the matter.in the charge of 由照料，例：The matter is in the charge of her.2011上海高考英語中易混淆的詞匯(2)51. in class, in the classin class 在課上；in the class 在班級(jí)里，例：He is the best student in the class.52. on fire, on the fireon fire 著火，例：The house is on fire.on the fire 在火上，例：Put the food on the fire.53. ou

18、t of question, out of the questionout of question 毫無疑問的；out of the question 不可能的。54. a second, the seconda second 又一，再一；the second 第，例：He won the second prize.55. by day, by the dayby day 白天；by the day 按天計(jì)算，例：The workers are paid by the day.56. the people, a peoplethe people 指人；a people 指民族，例：The Ch

19、inese is a peace-loving people.57. it, oneit 同一物體；one 同類不同一，例：I lost my pen. I have to buy a new one.58. that, thisthat 指代上文所提到的；例：I was ill. That's whythis 導(dǎo)出下文所要說的。59. none, nothing, no onenone 強(qiáng)調(diào)有多少；nothing, no one 強(qiáng)調(diào)有沒有；nothing 指物，no one 指人。60. anyone, any oneanyone 指人，不能接of；any one 指人物均可，可接

20、of 例：any one of you61. who, whatwho 指姓名或關(guān)系；what 指職業(yè)或地位，例：What is your dad? He is a teacher.62. what, whichwhat 的選擇基礎(chǔ)是無限制的；which 在一定范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行選擇，例：Which do you prefer, bananas or apples?63. other, anotherother 后接名詞復(fù)數(shù)，例：other studentsanother 后接名詞單數(shù)，例：another student64. not a little, not a bitnot a little 非

21、常；not a bit 一點(diǎn)也不，例：I'm not a bit tired. 我一點(diǎn)兒也不累。65. many, much, a lot ofmany 和可數(shù)名詞連用，例：I haven't many books.much 和不可數(shù)名詞連用；a lot of 可數(shù)，不可數(shù)均可，但不用于否定句。66. much morethan, many morethanmuch morethan 后接形容詞或不可數(shù)名詞，例：much more water, much more beautifulmany morethan 后接可數(shù)名詞，例：many more people67. no, n

22、otno=not a/any例：no friend=not a/any friend; no water=not any water68. no more than, not more thanno more than 相當(dāng)于only，僅僅，只有；not more than 至多，不超過。69. majority, mostmajority 只能修飾可數(shù)名詞，例：the majority of peoplemost 可數(shù)不可數(shù)均可。70. by oneself, for oneself, to oneself, of oneselfby oneself 單獨(dú)的，獨(dú)自的；for oneself

23、為自己；to oneself 供自己用的；of oneself 自行的，自動(dòng)的，例：The door opened of itself.71. at all, after allat all 根本，全然；after all 到底，畢竟，例：After all he is a child.72. tall, hightall 常指人或動(dòng)物，例：He is tall.high 常指物體。73. fast, quicklyfast 側(cè)重于指人或物體具有運(yùn)動(dòng)速度快的特點(diǎn)，例：run fastquickly 側(cè)重指某事完成或發(fā)生的快，例：answer the question quickly74. hi

24、gh, highlyhigh 具體的高；highly 抽象的高，高度的，例：think highly of75. healthy, healthfulhealthy 健康的，健壯的；healthful 有益于健康的，例：healthful exercise76. sleeping, asleep,sleepysleeping 正在睡覺，例：a sleeping babyasleep 睡著，熟睡，只能做表語，例：The baby is asleep.sleepy 困的，有睡意的，例：I'm sleepy.77. gold, goldengold 指真金制品，例：a gold ringgo

25、lden 指金色的，但金魚用gold fish78. most, mostlymost 用于表感受的肯定句中，相當(dāng)于very，當(dāng)大部分，大多數(shù)解時(shí)是形容詞或名詞，例：most peoplemostly 大部分，是副詞，例：the people are mostly79. just, veryjust 表強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)是副詞，作狀語，例：just the manvery 表強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)是形容詞，用作定語，例：the very man80. wide, broadwide 側(cè)重于一邊到另一邊的距離；broad 側(cè)重于幅面的寬廣，例：broad shoulders81. real, truereal 真的，真實(shí)的

26、，指的是事實(shí)上存在而不是想象的，例：real goldtrue 真的，真正的，指的是事實(shí)和實(shí)際情況相符合，例：a true story82. respectful, respectablerespectful 尊敬，有禮貌，例：be respectful to the agedrespectable 可敬的，值得尊敬的。83. outwards, outward二者均可用作副詞，表示向外，外面；outward 還可用作形容詞，例：an outward voyage84. pleasant, pleased, pleasingpleasant 常用作定語；pleased, pleasing 常用

27、作表語；pleased 主語常為人，pleasing 主語常為物，例：a pleasant trip; The trip is pleasing.85. understanding, understandableunderstanding 明白事理的，能體諒的，例：an understanding girlunderstandable 可理解的，能夠懂的，例：an understandable mistake86. close, closelyclose 接近，靠近，例：stand closeclosely 緊緊地，緊密地，例：closely connected87. ill, sickill

28、 做表語；sick 定語、表語均可，例：a sick boy88. good, wellgood 形容詞；well 副詞，但指身體狀況是形容詞，例：He is well again.89. quiet, silent, stillquiet 安靜的，可以發(fā)出小的聲音；silent 不發(fā)出聲音，但可以動(dòng)；still 完全不動(dòng)，完全無聲響，例：He stand there still. 他站在那兒，一動(dòng)不動(dòng)，也不說話。90. hard, hardlyhard 努力，例：work hardhardly 幾乎不，例：I can hardly believe it.91. able, capableab

29、le 與不定式to do連用；capable 與of連用，例：He is capable of doing92. almost, nearly二者均為“幾乎，差不多”，和否定詞連用用almost，例：almost nobody。93. late, latelylate 遲，晚；lately 最近，近來 例：I haven't seen him lately.94. living, alive, live, livelyliving, alive, live 均為活著的；living 定表均可，alive 定表均可，定語后置；live 只能做定語，lively 意為活潑的，例：all t

30、he living people=all the people alive95. excited, excitingexcited 使人興奮的，例：I'm excited.exciting 令人興奮的，例：The news is exciting.96. deep, deeplydeep 具體的深，例：dig deepdeeply 抽象的深，深深地，例：deeply moved97. aloud, loudaloud 出聲地，例：read aloud 出聲地讀loud 大聲地98. worth, worthy二者均為值得，worth后接doing；worthy后接to be done,

31、 of being done；例：It is worth visiting. = It's worthy to be visited. = It's worthy of being visited.99. bad, badlybad 形容詞，例：go badbadly 副詞，不好，但與need, want, require連用為“很，非常”，例：I need the book badly.100. before long, long beforebefore long 不久以后；long before 很久以前；例：not long before = before long20

32、11上海高考英語中易混淆的詞匯(3)101. quite, ratherquite 完全地，相當(dāng)于completely，例：quite impossiblerather 修飾比較級(jí)102. happy, gladhappy 高興，幸福，定表均可，例：a happy girlglad 高興，只能做表語103. instead, instead ofinstead 是副詞，放在句首或句末，例：He didn't see a film. Instead he watched TV.instead of 是介詞短語，放在句中，例：He watched TV instead of seeing

33、a film.104. too much, much tootoo much 后接不可數(shù)名詞；much too 后接形容詞，例：much too heavy105. be about to, be going to, be to dobe about to 表最近的將來，后面不接時(shí)間狀語；be going to 側(cè)重打算，想法；be to do 側(cè)重意志，計(jì)劃，安排 例：I'm to meet him.（含雙方事先約好的意思）106. raise, riseraise 及物動(dòng)詞；rise 不及物動(dòng)詞，例：The sun rises in the east.107. bring, tak

34、e, carry, fetchbring 拿來；take 帶走；carry 隨身攜帶；fetch 去回這一往返動(dòng)作，例：fetch a box of chalk108. spend, take, pay, costspend 人做主語，花錢，花時(shí)間，spendon sth./in doing sth;take 物做主語，花時(shí)間；pay 人做主語，花錢，pay for；cost 物做主語，花錢。109. join, join in, take part injoin 加入某個(gè)組織，并成為其中的一員，例：He joined the army five years ago.join in 參加小型的

35、活動(dòng)，join sb. in；take part in 參加大型的活動(dòng)。110. learn, studylearn 學(xué)習(xí)，側(cè)重學(xué)習(xí)的結(jié)果；study 學(xué)習(xí)，側(cè)重學(xué)習(xí)的過程，研究，例：study the problem111. want, hope, wishwant 打算，想要，want to do, want sb. to do；hope 希望（通?？梢詫?shí)現(xiàn)），hope to do/ hope thatwish 希望（通常不能實(shí)現(xiàn)），wish (sb.) to do, wish sb/sth. + n.，例：I wish you success.112. discover, invent, find outdiscover 發(fā)現(xiàn)本來存在但不