面向?qū)ο蟪绦蛟O(shè)計(jì)實(shí)驗(yàn)指導(dǎo)書

1、面向?qū)ο蟪绦蛟O(shè)計(jì)實(shí)驗(yàn)指導(dǎo)書宋航劉國奇東北大學(xué)軟件學(xué)院2018.9目 錄面向?qū)ο蟪绦蛟O(shè)計(jì)11/47實(shí)驗(yàn)指導(dǎo)書1前言 2實(shí)驗(yàn)要求3Experiment 1 Implementing the Collections in the Gourmet Coffee System （ 4 Hours ）錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。Background錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。Description錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。Files 錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。Tasks 錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。Experiment 2 Using Design Patterns in the Gourmet Coffee System （ 4 Hours ）錯(cuò)誤

2、！未定義書簽。Background錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。Description錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。Files 錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。Tasks 錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。Experiment 3 Using File I/O in the Gourmet Coffee System （ 4 Hours ）錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。Background錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。Description錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。Files 錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。Tasks 錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。Experiment 4 Implementing a GUI for the Gourmet Coffee System （ 4 Hours ）錯(cuò)誤！未定

3、義書簽。Background錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。Description錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。Files 錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。Tasks 錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。前 言面向?qū)ο蟮乃枷肟梢詽B透到需求分析、系統(tǒng)建模、體系結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)、程序設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn)、系統(tǒng)測(cè)試等多個(gè)方面，它是描述現(xiàn)實(shí)世界復(fù)雜對(duì)象的相當(dāng)直接而且直觀的有效手段，對(duì)于提高系統(tǒng)質(zhì)量、開發(fā)效率和代碼重用率，都有明顯的效果。面向?qū)ο蟪绦蛟O(shè)計(jì)課程是軟件工程專業(yè)的重要專業(yè)基礎(chǔ)課程之一，該門課程注重實(shí)踐性和實(shí)用性，主要通過面向?qū)ο蟪绦蛟O(shè)計(jì)思想和Java語言結(jié)合起來，讓學(xué)生掌握面向?qū)ο蟪绦蛟O(shè)計(jì)思想，以及熟練使用Java語言進(jìn)行面向?qū)ο蟮木幊?，因此學(xué)生不能滿足于只聽懂老師講

4、授的課堂內(nèi)容，看懂書上的程序，應(yīng)將課堂教案與實(shí)踐環(huán)節(jié)緊密結(jié)合，使得學(xué)生加深對(duì)講授內(nèi)容的理解，學(xué)會(huì)上機(jī)調(diào)試程序。也就是善于發(fā)現(xiàn)程序中的錯(cuò)2/47誤，并且能很快地排除這些錯(cuò)誤，使程序能正確運(yùn)行。面向?qū)ο蟪绦蛟O(shè)計(jì)是結(jié)合卡耐基梅隆大學(xué)的SSD3而形成的課程，該課程的教案體系和實(shí)驗(yàn)體系都很完整，并且東北大學(xué)軟件學(xué)院也提供了良好的教案實(shí)驗(yàn)環(huán)境，希望同學(xué)們能夠充分利用實(shí)驗(yàn)條件，認(rèn)真完成實(shí)驗(yàn)，從實(shí)驗(yàn)中得到應(yīng)有的鍛煉和培養(yǎng)。希望同學(xué)們?cè)谑褂帽緦?shí)驗(yàn)指導(dǎo)書及進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)的過程中，能夠幫助我們不斷地發(fā)現(xiàn)問題，并提出建議，使面向?qū)ο蟪绦蛟O(shè)計(jì)真正能夠幫助同學(xué)們學(xué)習(xí)。實(shí)驗(yàn)要求面向?qū)ο蟪绦蛟O(shè)計(jì)課程實(shí)驗(yàn)的目的是為了使學(xué)生在課堂學(xué)習(xí)

5、的同時(shí)，通過一系列的實(shí)驗(yàn)，使學(xué)生加深了解和更好地掌握面向?qū)ο蟪绦蛟O(shè)計(jì)課程教案大綱要求的內(nèi)容。在面向?qū)ο蟪绦蛟O(shè)計(jì)的課程實(shí)驗(yàn)過程中，要求學(xué)生做到：（ 1）預(yù)習(xí)實(shí)驗(yàn)指導(dǎo)書有關(guān)部分，認(rèn)真做好實(shí)驗(yàn)內(nèi)容的準(zhǔn)備，就實(shí)驗(yàn)可能出現(xiàn)的情況提前作出思考和分析。（ 2）仔細(xì)觀察調(diào)試程序過程中出現(xiàn)的各種問題，記錄主要問題，作出必要說明和分析。（ 3）遵守機(jī)房紀(jì)律，服從輔導(dǎo)教師指揮，愛護(hù)實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)備。3/47（ 4）實(shí)驗(yàn)課程不遲到，如有事不能出席，所缺實(shí)驗(yàn)一般不補(bǔ)。（ 5）本實(shí)驗(yàn)采用的開發(fā)環(huán)境為 Eclipse ，同學(xué)在做實(shí)驗(yàn)之前要求熟悉該集成開發(fā)環(huán)境。Experiment1ImplementingtheGourmetCof

6、feeSystem(4 Hours)Prerequisites, Goals, and OutcomesPrerequisites:Before you begin this exercise, you need mastery of the following:Object Oriented Programmingo Knowledge of class designClass attributesConstructorsAccessor methodsMutator methodso Knowledge of inheritanceHow to implement a specializa

7、tion/generalizationrelationship using inheritanceGoals:Reinforce your ability to implement Java classes using inheritance.Outcomes:You will demonstrate mastery of the following:Implementing the constructors, accessors, and mutators of a Java classUsing inheritance to implement a specialization/gener

8、alization relationshipBackgroundThis assignment asks you to implement some of the classes in theGourmet Coffee Systemspecified on Exercise 2.DescriptionIn this assessment, you will implement the classes and relationships illustrated in the following class diagram:4/47Figure 1Portion of Gourmet Coffe

9、e System class diagramThe class specifications are as follows:ClassProductThe classProduct models a generic product in the store.Instance variables:code. The unique code that identifies the productdescription. A short description of the productprice . The price of the productConstructor and methods:

10、public Product(String initialCode,String initialDescription,double initialPrice)Constructor that initializes the instance variablescode, description, andprice .5/47public String getCode(). Returns the value of instance variablecode.public String getDescription(). Returns the value of instance variab

11、ledescription.public double getPrice(). Returns the value of instance variableprice .boolean equals(Object object). Overrides the methodequals in the classObject . Two Product objects are equal if their codes are equal.String toString(). Overrides the methodtoStringReturns the string representation

12、of aProduct object. Thethe following format:code_description_pricein the class Object . String returned hasThe fields are separated by an underscore (_ ). You can assume that the fieldsthemselves do not contain any underscores.ClassCoffeeThe classCoffee models a coffee product. It extends classProdu

13、ct .Instance variables:origin. The origin of the coffeeroast . The roast of the coffeeflavor. The flavor of the coffeearoma. The aroma of the coffeeacidity. The acidity of the coffeebody. The body of the coffeeConstructor and methods:public Coffee(String initialCode,String initialDescription,double

14、initialPrice,String initialOrigin,String initialRoast,String initialFlavor,String initialAroma,String initialAcidity,String initialBody)Constructor that initializes the instance variablescode, description, price ,origin, roast , flavor, aroma, acidity, andbody.6/47public String getOrigin(). Returns

15、the value of instance variableorigin.public String getRoast(). Returns the value of instance variableroast .public String getFlavor(). Returns the value of instance variableflavor.public String getAroma(). Returns the value of instance variablearoma.public String getAcidity(). Returns the value of i

16、nstance variableacidity .public String getBody(). Returns the value of instance variableString toString(). Overrides the methodtoStringin the classReturns the string representation of aCoffeeobject. TheStringthe following format:body.Object .returned hascode_description_price _origin_roast _flavor_a

17、roma_acidity_bodyThe fields are separated by an underscore (_ ). You can assume that the fieldsthemselves do not contain any underscores.ClassCoffeeBrewerClass CoffeeBrewer models a coffee brewer. It extends classProduct .Instance variables:model. The model of the coffee brewerwaterSupply . The wate

18、r supply (Pour-over or Automatic )numberOfCups. The capacity of the coffee brewerConstructor and methods:public CoffeeBrewer(String initialCode,String initialDescription,double initialPrice,String initialModel,String initialWaterSupply,int initialNumberOfCups)Constructor that initializes the instanc

19、e variablescode description,price, and.model waterSupplynumberOfCupspublic String getModel(). Returns the value of instance variablemodel.7/47public String getWaterSupply(). Returns the value of instance variablewaterSupply .public int getNumberOfCups(). Returns the value of instance variablenumberO

20、fCups.String toString(). Overrides the methodtoStringin the classObject .Returns the string representation of aCoffeeBrewer object. TheStringreturned has the following format:code_description_price _model_waterSupply _numberOfCupsThe fields are separated by an underscore (_ ). You can assume that th

21、e fieldsthemselves do not contain any underscores.ClassOrderItemClass OrderItem models an item in an order.Instance variables:product . This instance variable represents the one-way association betweenOrderItem and Product . It contains a reference to aProduct object.quantity. The quantity of the pr

22、oduct in the order.Constructor and methods:public OrderItem(Product initialProduct,int initialQuantity)Constructor that initializes the instance variablesproduct and quantity .public Product getProduct(). Returns the value of the instance variableproduct , a reference to aProduct object.public int g

23、etQuantity(). Returns the value of the instance variablequantity .public void setQuantity(int newQuantity). Sets the instance variablequantityto the value of parameternewQuantity .public double getValue(). Returns the product ofquantity and price .8/47String toString(). Overrides the methodtoStringi

24、n the classObject .Returns the string representation of anOrderItem object. TheStringrepresentation has the following format:quantityproduct-codeproduct-priceThe fields are separated by a space. You can assume that the fields themselves do not contain any spaces.Test driver classesComplete implement

25、ations of the following test drivers are provided in the student archive.Use these test drivers to verify that your code works correctly.ClassClassClassClassTestProductTestCoffeeTestCoffeeBrewerTestOrderItemFilesThe following files are needed to complete this assignment:student-files.zip Download th

26、is file. This archive contains the following:o TestProduct.javao TestCoffee.javao TestCoffeeBrewer.java o TestOrderItem.javaTasksImplement classesProduct , Coffee , CoffeeBrewer , andOrderItem . Document usingJavadoc and follow Sun's code conventions. The following steps will guide you through t

27、hisassignment. Work incrementally and test each increment. Save often.1.Extractthe files by issuing the following command at the command prompt:C:>unzip student-files.zip2.Then , implement classProduct from scratch.UseTestProduct driver to testyour implementation.3.Next , implement classCoffee fr

28、om scratch.UseTestCoffee driver to test yourimplementation.9/474.Then, implement classCoffeeBrewer from scratch. UseTestCoffeeBrewerdriver to test your implementation.5.Finally, implement classOrderItem from scratch. UseTestOrderItem driver totest your implementation.SubmissionUpon completion, submi

29、tonlythe following:1. Product.java2. Coffee.java3. CoffeeBrewer.java4. OrderItem.javaExperiment2ImplementingtheCollectionsintheGourmet Coffee System (4 Hours)Prerequisites, Goals, and OutcomesPrerequisites:Before you begin this exercise, you need mastery of the following:CollectionsoUse of classArra

30、yListo Use of iteratorsGoals:Reinforce your ability to implement classes that use collectionsOutcomes:You will demonstrate mastery of the following:Implementing a Java class that uses collectionsBackgroundIn this assignment, you will implement the classes in theGourmet Coffee Systemthat usecollectio

31、ns.DescriptionThe following class diagram of theGourmet Coffee Systemhighlights the classes that usecollections:10/47Figure 2 Gourmet Coffee System class diagramComplete implementations of the following classes are provided in the student archive:CoffeeCoffeeBrewerProductOrderItemGourmetCoffeeIn thi

32、s assignment, you will implement the following classes:CatalogOrderSalesGourmetCoffee11/47The class specifications are as follows:ClassCatalogThe classCatalog models a product catalog. This class implements the interfaceIterable<Product> to being able to iterate through the products using thef

33、or-eachloop.Instance variables:products AnArrayListcollection that contains references to instances ofclass Product .Constructor and public methods:public Catalog() Creates the collectionproducts, which is initially empty.public void addProduct(Product product) Adds the specified productto the colle

34、ctionproducts.public Iterator<Product> iterator() Returns an iterator over theinstances in the collectionproducts .public Product getProduct(String code) Returns a reference to theProduct instance with the specified code. Returnsnullif there are no productsin the catalog with the specified cod

35、e.public int getNumberOfProducts() Returns the number of instances inthe collectionproducts .ClassOrderThe classOrder maintains a list of order items. This class implements the interfaceIterable<OrderItem>to being able to iterate through the items using thefor-eachloop.Instance variables:items

36、 An ArrayListcollection that contains references to instances of classOrderItem .Constructor and public methods:public Order() Creates the collectionitems , which is initially empty.12/47public void addItem(OrderItem orderItem) Adds the specified orderitem to the collectionitems .public void removeI

37、tem(OrderItem orderItem) Removes the specifiedorder item from the collectionitems .public Iterator<OrderItem> iterator() Returns an iterator over theinstances in the collectionitems .public OrderItem getItem(Product product) Returns a reference totheOrderItem instance with the specified produc

38、t. Returnsnull if there are noitems in the order with the specified product.public int getNumberOfItems() Returns the number of instances in thecollectionitems .public double getTotalCost() Returns the total cost of the order.ClassSalesThe classSales maintains a list of the orders that have been com

39、pleted. This classimplements the interfaceIterable<Order>to being able to iterate through the ordersusing thefor-eachloop.Instance variables:orders An ArrayListcollection that contains references to instances of classOrder .Constructor and public methods:public Sales() Creates the collectionor

40、ders , which is initially empty.public void addOrder(Order order) Adds the specified order to thecollectionorders .public Iterator<Order> iterator() Returns an iterator over theinstances in the collectionorders .public int getNumberOfOrders() Returns the number of instances in thecollectionord

41、ers .ClassGourmetCoffeeThe class GourmetCoffee creates a console interface to process store orders. Currently, it includes the complete implementation of some of the methods. The methods13/47public void addModifyProduct()displayNumberOfOrders and displayTotalQuantityOfProductsare incompleteand shoul

42、d be implemented. The following is a screen shot of the interface:Figure 3 Execution of GourmetCoffeeInstance variables:catalog A Catalog object with the products that can be sold.currentOrder An Order object with the information about the current order.sales A Sales object with information about al

43、l the orders sold by the store.Constructor and public methods:public GourmetCoffeeSolution() Initializes the attributescatalog ,currentOrder and sales . This constructor is complete and should not bemodified.public void displayCatalog Displays the catalog. This method iscomplete and should not be mo

44、dified.public void displayProductInfo() Prompts the user for a product codeand displays information about the specified product. This method is complete and should not be modified.public void displayOrder() Displays the products in the current order.This method is complete and should not be modified

45、. Prompts the user for a product code andquantity. If the specified product is not already part of the order, it is added。otherwise, the quantity of the product is updated. This method is complete andshould not be modified.public void removeProduct() Prompts the user for a product code andremoves th

46、e specified product from the current order. This method is complete and should not be modified.14/47public void saleOrder() Registers the sale of the current order. Thismethod is complete and should not be modified.public void displayOrdersSold() Displays the orders that have beensold. This method i

47、s complete and should not be modified.public void displayNumberOfOrders(Product product) Displays thenumber of orders that contain the specified product. This method is incompleteand should be implemented.public void displayTotalQuantityOfProducts() Displays the totalquantity sold for each product i

48、n the catalog. This method is incomplete and should be implemented.Test driver classesComplete implementations of the following test drivers are provided in the student archive:ClassClassClassTestCatalogTestOrderTestSalesFilesThe following files are needed to complete this assignment:student-files.z

49、ip Download this file. This archive contains the following:o Class filesCoffee.classCoffeeBrewer.classProduct.classOrderItem.classo DocumentationCoffee.htmlCoffeeBrewer.htmlProduct.htmlOrderItem.htmlo Java filesGourmetCoffee.java An incomplete implementation.TestCatalog.java A complete implementation.TestOrder.java A complete implement