高中語法定語從句（46張）ppt課件

1、 The lovely girl is my e-pal. The girl is my e-pal. The girl in red is my e-pal. The girl is my e-pal. The girl sitting on the chair is my e-pal. The girl is my e-pal.who is lovelywho is in redwho is sitting on the chair什么是定語和定語從句？指什么是定語和定語從句？指出下面句子的定語出下面句子的定語:Lead-in:假設(shè)充任定語的是一個(gè)句子的話，就叫定假設(shè)充任定語的是一個(gè)句子的

2、話，就叫定語從句。定語從句普通緊跟在被修飾詞的語從句。定語從句普通緊跟在被修飾詞的后面，被修飾的詞叫作先行詞。后面，被修飾的詞叫作先行詞。定語從句的概念定語從句的概念 who came to see you this morning. There is a girl. The girl came to see you this morning. 銜接銜接 代詞代詞There is a girl先行詞先行詞關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞主句主句從句從句作主語作主語 The book which my brother bought is very interesting. The teacher who I f

3、irst met in high school is Mr. Liu. I still remember the day when I went into Changning Senior High.從句從句主句主句連詞連詞 (定語從句中定語從句中)-關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞 關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞 指代指代在從句中的作用在從句中的作用 that which who whom whose人物人物 主賓主賓 / 表表 主賓主賓 / 表表 主賓主賓 / 表表賓賓 定定 人人 人人人物人物 物物 This is the film _ is interesting. 2. This is

4、 the film _ I like best. 3. The man _is eating is handsome. 4. The man _ I like best is my father. which / thatwhich / thatwho / thatwhom / who / that(作賓語；指物作賓語；指物)作主語；指物作主語；指物 (作主語；指人)作賓語；指人作賓語；指人不填不填不填不填1. They come from a village that was submerges in the reservoir.2. There are many people who pr

5、efer to live in villages.3. The dam that we saw in the film wasnt the Three Gorges Dam.4. Ive got a book that has lots of information about Zigui County.5. The students that I met near the reservoir were from Vietnam.6. I received am from my cousin who lives near the Three Gorges Dam.Cross out the r

6、elative pronouns where possible. (activity p/56)1. The dam (which/that) they built on the river provides a large amount of power.2. The power station (which/that) we visited was very modern.3. The village (which/that) my grandparents used to live in is near the lake.4. The boat (which/that) I took w

7、ent from Wuhan to Zigui.Match each pair of sentences into one sentences. ( activity p/56)1. whose 通常指人，也可指物，在定語從通常指人，也可指物，在定語從句中做定語句中做定語 This is the desk _ legs are broken. We sent the boy _ legs were hurt to the hospital.whose whose作定語作定語作定語作定語 先行詞是先行詞是everything, nothing, anything, something, much

8、, little, none等不定代詞或等不定代詞或由不定代詞由不定代詞any, some, no, much, few, little, every, all等修飾時(shí)等修飾時(shí), 引導(dǎo)定語從句用引導(dǎo)定語從句用that不不用用 which。Do you have anything that you dont understand?Ive read all the books that you lend me.Please send us any information that you have about the subject.2. that 和和 which 都可以指物，但以下情都可以指物

9、，但以下情況只用況只用that, 不用不用which 先行詞被描畫詞最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞修飾且先行詞被描畫詞最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞修飾且指物時(shí)指物時(shí), 引導(dǎo)定語從句用引導(dǎo)定語從句用that 。This is the first book that he has read.It is the most beautiful city that Ive ever seen. 先行詞中既有人又有事物時(shí)，引導(dǎo)定語先行詞中既有人又有事物時(shí)，引導(dǎo)定語從句用從句用that 。The famous writer and his works that the radio broadcast are popular to the

10、 students. 先行詞被先行詞被the very, the only,the last等修飾等修飾且指物時(shí)且指物時(shí),引導(dǎo)定語從句用引導(dǎo)定語從句用that。This is the very book that belongs to him.He is the only person that was present at the time. 領(lǐng)先行詞前面有領(lǐng)先行詞前面有who/which等疑問代詞時(shí)，等疑問代詞時(shí)，只用只用that。Who is the girl that drove the car? 假設(shè)關(guān)系代詞本身在定語從句中充任介詞假設(shè)關(guān)系代詞本身在定語從句中充任介詞或介詞短語的賓語

11、時(shí)，有時(shí)候可將介詞直或介詞短語的賓語時(shí)，有時(shí)候可將介詞直接放到接放到which/whom的前面的前面 I know the man whom you talked just now. The city which she lives is far away. The pen which you are writing is Mr. lius. towithin3. “介詞介詞 + which/whom 引導(dǎo)的定語從句：引導(dǎo)的定語從句：1 A2 B3 C4 DMatch sentences 1-4 with sentences A-D (activity p/47) Answers: 1. Th

12、e man of whom I am thinking invented the first real clock. 2. These are the leaves from which silk is made. 3. He is a person of whom everyone has heard. 4. This is the house in which the inventor lived.Rewrite these sentences. (activity p/47) The classroom will soon be repaired. The door of the cla

13、ssroom is broken. The classroom _ is broken will soon be repaired. = The classroom _ is broken will soon be repaired. = The classroom _ is broken will soon be repaired. the door of whichof which the doorwhose door 看定語從句中動(dòng)詞與介詞的搭配看定語從句中動(dòng)詞與介詞的搭配This is the book for which you asked.留意留意: 一些固定的動(dòng)詞短語不能拆開，即

14、一些固定的動(dòng)詞短語不能拆開，即介詞不提早介詞不提早The old man whom I am looking after is better.Is this the watch that you are looking for?4. 在在 “介詞介詞 + which/whom構(gòu)造中，介構(gòu)造中，介詞的選擇需求留意：詞的選擇需求留意： 看定語從句中描畫詞與介詞的搭配看定語從句中描畫詞與介詞的搭配He gave me some reference books with which I am not very familiar. 根據(jù)先行詞判別根據(jù)先行詞判別, 所用的介詞與先行詞所用的介詞與先行詞搭配

15、搭配This is our classroom, in front of which there is a teachers desk.1. Do you like the book _ she spent $10?2. Do you like the book _ she paid $10?4. There is a tall tree outside, _ stands our teacher.5. China has a lot of rivers, the second longest _ is the Yellow River.6. The tower _ people can ha

16、ve a good view is on the hill.7. Can you explain to me how to use these idioms _ Im sure.on whichfor whichfrom whichunder whichof whichabout which用用“介詞介詞 + which 填空填空There are many trees under which they can have a rest.This is the ring on which she spent 1000 dollars.Football, which is a very popul

17、ar game, is played all over the world.5. 以下情況只能用以下情況只能用which引導(dǎo)定語從句引導(dǎo)定語從句: 1.介詞后面介詞后面 2.逗號(hào)后面逗號(hào)后面 關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞指代指代在從句中的作用在從句中的作用 when where why時(shí)間時(shí)間時(shí)間狀語時(shí)間狀語地點(diǎn)地點(diǎn)地點(diǎn)狀語地點(diǎn)狀語緣由緣由緣由狀語緣由狀語I will never forget the day.I was born on that day.I will never forget the day when I was born.主句主句從句從句先行詞先行詞關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞銜接銜接作狀語作狀語

18、副詞副詞 This is the museum where the exhibition was held. The reason why he refused the invitation is quite clear. He stayed in the Bamboo Sea for a week when he visited many places of interest. 關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞時(shí)間狀語時(shí)間狀語地點(diǎn)狀語地點(diǎn)狀語緣由狀語緣由狀語when = 介詞介詞 + whichwhere = 介詞介詞 + whichwhy = for + whichI will never forget

19、the day _ I went to the university .2. I have found a peaceful place _ we can study3. This is the reason _ he was late. when / on whichon the daywhere / in whichin the placewhy / for whichfor the reasonof which at which to whom of whom in which 1. Were in the region. Printing was first invented in t

20、his region. Were in the region in which printing was first invented.Connect these sentences using the given phrases (activity p/47)2. It is an invention. He is very proud of this invention. It is an invention of which he is very proud.3. He is a man. I am afraid of this man because he has invented s

21、omething dangerous. He is a man of whom Im afraid because he has invented something dangerous.4. The machine is very old. You are looking at that machine. The machine at which youre looking is very old. 5. Is that the invention? You were talking to him. Is that the inventor to whom you were talking.

22、 1). 分辨出主句與從句分辨出主句與從句 2). 判別先行詞是人，物，時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)還判別先行詞是人，物，時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)還是緣由是緣由 3. 判別從句中短少什么成分，短少主語，判別從句中短少什么成分，短少主語，賓語，表語賓語，表語(關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞)還是狀語還是狀語(關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞) Ill never forget the day _ I spent with you. Ill never forget the day _ we first met each other in the park. ( ) ( ) _謂謂 _ 主主 主主 謂謂 賓賓 地點(diǎn)狀語地點(diǎn)狀語whichthatwhen1.

23、關(guān)系詞的選擇關(guān)系詞的選擇 This is the town _ I was born. This is the town _ I was born in. This is the town _I like to visit in the future. This is the town _ the accident happened. This is the reason _ he was late for class. This is the reason _ he explained for his being late.wherewhich選擇正確的關(guān)系詞填空選擇正確的關(guān)系詞填空wher

24、ewhichthat,whichthat,why I agree with his opinion where he said China is a friendly country. I have reached a point in my life where I am supposed to make a decision of my own. This is a job where you are doing something serious but interesting.2. where作關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)作關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí), 它的它的先行詞可以是一些比較籠統(tǒng)的地點(diǎn)名詞

25、先行詞可以是一些比較籠統(tǒng)的地點(diǎn)名詞,如如: point, activity, situation, condition 等等 I dont like the way in which / that / 不填不填 you speak to me. She was pleased with the way in which / that / 不填不填 he had accepted her criticism. 3. way作先行詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句作先行詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句:關(guān)系詞有三種方式關(guān)系詞有三種方式in whichthat不填不填 The way he explained to us was q

26、uite simple. The way he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand. thatwhich不填不填 thatin which不填不填lwhere there were lots of new ideaslwhich Mencius gave. lwhose ideas were very influential lwho lived an unusual life. lwhen there was a lot of war. 1. Confucius lived in a century2. A

27、ncient China was a country3. Some rulers followed the advice4. Philosophers were people5. Mozi was a manI. Match the two parts of the sentences (activity p/44).課后練習(xí)課后練習(xí)Complete each sentence with one of these words (activity p/44). who which when where whose 1. Mencius wrote a book _ many people hav

28、e read. 2. Mencius came form a part of the world _ change was happening fast. whichwhere3. This was a period _ many people became interested in Confuciuss teachings.4. Mozi was a man _ behavior was often unusual. 5. Mozi was a teacher _ principles were different from those of Confucius. whose whenwh

29、ose 6. It was a time _ philosophers could have positions in governments. 7. He came from an area _ people were very poor. wherewhen定定語語從從句句The Restrictive Attributive Clause 限制性定語從句限制性定語從句The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause 非限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句限定性定語從句是句限定性定語從句是句中不可短少的組成部中不可短少的組成部分，使先行詞區(qū)別于分，使先行詞區(qū)別于同類其

30、他事物；主句同類其他事物；主句和從句之間不用逗號(hào)和從句之間不用逗號(hào)隔開。隔開。非限定性定語從句是非限定性定語從句是對(duì)主句先行詞的補(bǔ)充對(duì)主句先行詞的補(bǔ)充闡明，沒有這種從句闡明，沒有這種從句不影響主句意思完好。不影響主句意思完好。普通用逗號(hào)把主句和普通用逗號(hào)把主句和從句分開。從句分開。引導(dǎo)詞：關(guān)系代詞和引導(dǎo)詞：關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞，作賓語時(shí)關(guān)系副詞，作賓語時(shí)一些關(guān)系代詞可以省一些關(guān)系代詞可以省略略引導(dǎo)詞：引導(dǎo)詞：as, who, whom, whose, which, when, where等，不用等，不用that或或why,不能省略不能省略 Her house, that was built a

31、hundred years ago, stood still in the earthquake. He seems not to have understood what I said, which greatly upsets me. I know a friend, whose brother is a pop singer. Mr. Smith, who is our boss, will leave for Japan next week. We walk down the street, where he lost his wallet yesterday.1). which引導(dǎo)的從句只能放在主句之后；引導(dǎo)的從句只能放在