高考政治一輪總復習 第三部分 文化生活 第4單元 發(fā)展中國特色社會主義文化 第九課 建設社會主義文化強國限時規(guī)范特訓課件 (1103)

1、英語英語外外 研研 版版必修三必修三第一部分專題突破解題策略專題突破解題策略(三三)找準信息點，詞義輕松猜找準信息點，詞義輕松猜 詞義猜測題是高考英語閱讀理解的必考題型，它實際上是考查考生根據(jù)語境來推斷畫線單詞、詞組或句子的意思的能力。猜測類型可分為單詞猜詞、短語猜詞和句意猜詞這三種。近幾年，詞義猜測題越來越受到命題者的青睞，近年大部分地區(qū)的高考英語試卷都有詞義猜測題，有的甚至涉及多道，詞義猜測題要求考生在準確理解上下文的基礎上答題，若平時就具有較大的閱讀量，掌握或認識較多的課外詞匯，那答題就會更加迅速和準確。 1利用上下文語境及生活常識猜測(2016全國高考C)Reading can be

2、a social activity.Think of the people who belong to book groups.They choose books to read and then meet to discuss them.Now, the website BookC turns the page on the traditional idea of a book group.Members go on the site and register the books they own and would like to share.BookCrossing provides a

3、n identification number to stick inside the book.Then the person leaves it in a public place, hoping that the book will have an adventure, traveling far and wide with each new reader who finds it. . 30What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to? AThe book.BAn adventure. CA public plac

4、e.DThe identification number. 解析：A根據(jù)第二段中的“hoping that the book will have an adventure, traveling far and wide.”可知，此處的“it”指的是“the book”。故選A項。(2015四川高考D).He told people at a conference, “There have been a couple of studies suggesting they are increasing their song output at night and during the day th

5、ey are still singing. Singing is a costly behaviour and it takes energy. So by increasing their song output, there might be some costs of energy.”And it is not just robins that are being kept awake by artificial light. Blackbirds and seagulls are also being more nocturnal. . 44What does the underlin

6、ed word “nocturnal” in Paragraph 5 mean? AActive at night. BInactive at night. CActive during the day. DInactive during the day. 解析：A本文主要介紹了一項研究調查的結果，由于人類制造的光線問題，越來越多的鳥類如知更鳥在晚上也會唱歌，這極大地影響了鳥的健康。 根據(jù)上文的And it is not just robins that are being kept awake by artificial light. Blackbirds and seagulls are

7、also being.可知烏鴉和海鷗情況也一樣，也就是說這兩種鳥晚上也唱歌，故選擇A，指晚上很興奮。 2利用構詞法猜測 利用上下文中出現(xiàn)的與該詞相關的同義詞，近義詞，甚至反義詞，以及前綴、后綴，詞根等來推測詞義。(2014陜西高考B).My father had never read the story before, but it sounded like O. Henry, and he knew that O. Henry had once lived in Houston. So it was possible that the famous author had gone to th

8、e beach and stayed in the Galveston boardinghouse, and had written the story there and left the manuscript behind by accident. My father visited an O. Henry expert at Columbia University in New York, who authenticated the story as O. Henrys. 51The underlined word “authenticated” in Paragraph 2 proba

9、bly means _. AnamedBtreated CprovedDdescribed 解析：Cauthentic的意思是“真正的；真實的”，根據(jù)構詞法可以推知該詞為authentic的動詞形式，意為“證明是真實的”，故答案選C項。 3利用定義，解釋，舉例進行猜測 此類題目會出現(xiàn)類似于：for example, such as, mean, refer to, that is to say, in other words等詞匯或出現(xiàn)破折號、冒號等。(2016全國高考C)I am Peter Hodes, a volunteer stem cell courier.Since March 2

10、012, Ive done 89 trips of those, 51 have been abroad. I have 42 hours to carry stem cells(干細胞)in my little box because Ive got two ice packs and thats how long they last.In all, from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor(捐獻者) to the time they can be implanted in the patient, weve got 72

11、 hours at most. So I am always conscious of time. 29Which of the following can replace the underlined word “courier” in Paragraph 1? Aprovider Bdelivery man Ccollector Dmedical doctor 解析：B根據(jù)第一段中的“Since March 2012，Ive done 89 tripsof those,51 have been abroad.I have 42 hours to carry stem cells(干細胞)i

12、n my little box”可知，作者是干細胞傳遞員。故選B。 4根據(jù)句子與句子之間的邏輯關系進行猜測 在一個句子或段落中，有時會存在兩個句子之間的轉折，遞進，因果，并列，對比等關系的詞匯：however, but, so, thus, instead of, in contrast, whats more等過渡性詞匯。(2016北京高考D).For previous generations, college was decisive break from parental control; guidance and support needed to come from people o

13、f the same age and from within.In the past two decades, however, continued connection with and dependence on family, thanks to cellphones, email and social media, have increased significantly.Some parents go so far as to help with coursework.Instead of promoting the idea of college as a passage from

14、 the shelter of the family to autonomy and adult responsibility, universities have given in to the idea that they should provide the same environment as that of the home.68The underlined word “passage” in Paragraph 2 means_.AchangeBchoiceCtextDextension解析：A從第二段畫線詞所在的語境看，此處指從家庭的庇護到有自主性和成年人的責任之間的轉變，因此

15、該詞的含義是A，“轉變”。(2016天津高考C).The link between what the men had done as boys and how they turned out as adults was surprisingly sharp.Those who had done the most boyhood activities were twice as likely to have warm relations with a wide variety of people, five times as likely to be well paid and 16 times

16、 less likely to have been unemployed.The researchers also found that IQ and family social and economic class made no real difference in how the boys turned out. 49What does the underlined word “sharp” probably mean in Paragraph 4? AQuick to react.BHaving a thin edge. CClear and definite.DSudden and rapid. 解析：C根據(jù)畫線詞后面的“Those who had done the most boyhood activities.less likel