高中英語(yǔ)Unit20NEWFRONTIERS單詞.典句.考點(diǎn)北師大版選修

1、名師導(dǎo)航 四點(diǎn)剖析 單詞·典句·考點(diǎn)1. assist vt. 幫助；協(xié)助經(jīng)典例句 Li Hua has been assisting me with my English.李華一直幫助我學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。The designer asked me to assist him in designing a new building.設(shè)計(jì)者要我協(xié)助他設(shè)計(jì)一座新建筑物。考點(diǎn)聚焦1）派生詞：assistance n. 協(xié)助, 援助, 補(bǔ)助； assistant n. 助手, 助教2）同義詞：help vt. 幫助3) 固定搭配。assist sb. with/in doing/sth.

2、幫助某人做某事。如：I assist my mother with/in doing housework every Sunday.我每個(gè)星期天幫助我媽媽整理家務(wù)。4）assist vi. 幫助；協(xié)助, 常和介詞with/in連用。He assisted in designing the new bridge.他協(xié)助設(shè)計(jì)那座新橋。5）assist vi. 到場(chǎng), 出席，參加，和介詞in/at連用。如：She refused to assist at the reception for reasons unknown.不知什么緣故她不肯出席招待會(huì)。We assisted at the gradu

3、ation ceremony last Monday.上周一我們參加了畢業(yè)典禮。6）短語(yǔ)：assist sb. to his feet攙扶某人站起來活學(xué)活用1. 選詞填空Dont be nervous. The police will _ you in finding her address. （assistant，assist）答案:assist2. emotional adj. 感情的巧記提示 emotion（感情）-al（形容詞后綴）經(jīng)典例句 Sometimes emotional problems might lead to serious results.有時(shí)候情緒問題會(huì)導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)重的結(jié)

4、果。考點(diǎn)聚焦1）派生詞： emotionalize v. 使激動(dòng), 使動(dòng)情；emotionally adv. 在情緒上;emotionless adj. 不露情感的, 沒有情感的。2）emotional adj. 感情的。如：Winning gave us emotional satisfaction.獲勝給予我們感情上的滿足。3）emotional adj. 易動(dòng)情的;感情脆弱的。如：She is an emotional actress.她是個(gè)善于表達(dá)情感的演員。活學(xué)活用2. 漢譯英他的動(dòng)人的演說鼓勵(lì)了我們。_答案:His emotional speech encouraged us.3.

5、 technical adj. 技術(shù)的巧記提示 technic（技術(shù), 手法）-al (形容詞后綴)經(jīng)典例句 To build this machine，you must have technical ability.要制造這臺(tái)機(jī)器，你們必須有技術(shù)能力?？键c(diǎn)聚焦1)派生詞： technicalize vt. 使技術(shù)化, 使專門化; technically adv. 技術(shù)上, 學(xué)術(shù)上, 工藝上; technician n. 技術(shù)員, 技師2) technical adj. 技術(shù)的，工藝的，技能的。如：He is looking for a technical job.他正在尋找一個(gè)技術(shù)性的工作。

6、活學(xué)活用3. 單項(xiàng)填空The job calls for _ skill.A. technicallyB. technicianC. technicD. technical答案:D4. handy adj. 方便使用的巧記提示 hand（手）-y（形容詞后綴）經(jīng)典例句 The school is close to our houses, so it is quite handy for the children.學(xué)校離我們家很近, 所以孩子們上學(xué)很方便。A vacuum cleaner is a handy household tool.吸塵器是一種方便使用的家庭用具。考點(diǎn)聚焦1）同義詞：us

7、eful adj. 有用的，有益的2）反義詞：unhandy adj. 不方便的3)handy常和介詞for連用。常作表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)。如：This is a handy little safety box. 這是一只方便使用的小保險(xiǎn)箱。This house is handy for the market. 這房子離市場(chǎng)很近。4）固定搭配：sB. be handy with. . . 某人善用某種工具sth. is handy. 某物就在附近sth. come in handy. 某物遲早有用活學(xué)活用4. 漢譯英王老師善于言談。_答案:Mr. Wang is handy with words.5.

8、shortly adv. 不久;很快巧記提示 short(短的)-ly（副詞后綴）經(jīng)典例句 I shall be seeing him shortly.我不久就會(huì)見到他。Shortly afterwards, the police stopped the car and both men were arrested.過了沒有多久, 警察截住了那輛汽車, 兩個(gè)賊都被抓獲了。考點(diǎn)聚焦1)派生詞：shortly adj. 立刻;不久;簡(jiǎn)短的2）合成詞：shortsighted adj. 近視的, 眼光短淺的;shortwave n. 短波;shortweight n. 重量不足, 短斤缺兩3）短語(yǔ)s

9、hortly after. . . 之后立即；shortly before. . . 之前不久?；顚W(xué)活用5. We left shortly after six and we arrived _ the film started.A. shortly beforeB. short afterC. soonD. at once答案:A6. assess vt. 評(píng)價(jià)；評(píng)估經(jīng)典例句 Damage caused by the flood to the village was assessed at $40, 000.洪水給這個(gè)村子造成的損失估定為4萬美元?？键c(diǎn)聚焦1)派生詞：assessment n

10、. 估價(jià), 被估定的金額2)assess常用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，后面接介詞at。如：The annual income of teachers in this place was assessed at900.這地方的學(xué)校教師的收入為900美元。3)assess vt. 征稅, 罰款。如：They assessed a tax of 300 yuan on me last month.上個(gè)月他們向我征稅三百元。4)注意下列短語(yǔ)的用法:assess sb. at. . . 給某人估算assess tax on sb. s property對(duì)某人的財(cái)產(chǎn)征稅assess sb. s efforts評(píng)價(jià)某人的

11、工作活學(xué)活用6. 漢譯英現(xiàn)在來評(píng)價(jià)新法規(guī)的效果為時(shí)尚早。_答案:It is too early to assess the effects of the new legislation.7. invest vt. 投資巧記提示 in(在里)+vest(衣服)經(jīng)典例句 The state has planned to invest two millions in the dam.國(guó)家計(jì)劃投資兩百萬元修建這個(gè)大壩?？键c(diǎn)聚焦1)派生詞：investable adj. 可供投資的2）invest vt. 投資, 投入。如：He invested all his money in his educati

12、on.他把錢全部投入他的教育中。3) invest vt. 投入精力、時(shí)間等, 常與介詞in連用。如：Ive invested a lot of time and effort in this plan.我已在這計(jì)劃中投入了大量的時(shí)間和精力。She invested in a painting.她投資于一幅油畫。4）invest vt. 籠罩;包圍。如：Fog invests the city.大霧籠罩城市。The enemy invested the city and cut it off from our army.敵人包圍了城市, 并把它同我們的部隊(duì)隔絕。5）invest vt. 授予,

13、 和介詞with連用。如：The trade union is invested with the power to call a strike.工會(huì)被授予號(hào)召罷工的權(quán)力。活學(xué)活用7. 單詞拼寫He i _ a lot of money and time in trying to help disabled children.答案:invested8. rescue vt. 拯救；救援經(jīng)典例句 He rescued three children from the burning building.他從失火的建筑物中救出了三個(gè)孩子。The life boat was sent out to re

14、scue the sailors from the sinking ship.救生艇被派出去救沉船的水手?？键c(diǎn)聚焦1）派生詞：rescuer n. 救助者；rescuee n. 被營(yíng)救者；rescuable adj. 可營(yíng)救的, 可救援的2）rescue sb. /sth. from v. 營(yíng)救某人。如：We rescued the boy who fell into the river.我們救起了掉進(jìn)河里的小孩。3) come to sb. s rescue= go to sb. s rescue進(jìn)行援救. 如：We came to his rescue and pulled him out

15、 of the river.我們來救他，把他從河里拉了出來。4）短語(yǔ)：search and rescue搜索和營(yíng)救rescue party援救隊(duì)9. original adj. 最早的；起初的巧記提示 origin（起源）+-al（形容詞后綴）經(jīng)典例句 Who was the original owner of this house?誰是這座房子最早的主人？The original price of the car was a bit too high.這輛汽車的原價(jià)太高了一點(diǎn)?？键c(diǎn)聚焦1)派生詞：originate vt. 引起; vi. 起源;originally adv. 最初, 原先;

16、origination n. 發(fā)源2)original adj. 有獨(dú)創(chuàng)性的，新穎的。如：He is an original dramatist.他是個(gè)有獨(dú)創(chuàng)性的劇作家。3)original adj. 原作的, 原本的。如：This is an original painting by Picasso.這是一幅畢加索的原作。4)original n. 原物, 原著, 原畫The original of this picture was nowhere to be found.這幅畫的原作已無處尋覓。He can read Shakespeare in the original.他能讀莎士比亞作

17、品的原著。活學(xué)活用8.This is the _ painting, and these others are copies.A. copiedB. writtenC. technicalD. original答案:D10. operational adj. 操作中的;即可使用的巧記提示 operation（操作）-al（形容詞后綴）經(jīng)典例句 This is an operational microscope.這是一個(gè)尚能使用的顯微鏡。The newly designed rice transplant will soon be operational.新設(shè)計(jì)的插秧機(jī)不久即可使用?？键c(diǎn)聚焦1）

18、詞根operate vi. 工作，運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，vt. 操作；同根詞：operation n. 手術(shù)，操作。2）operational adj. 操作的;運(yùn)作的，常作表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)。如：The language laboratory is not operational yet.語(yǔ)言實(shí)習(xí)教室還不能使用。3)牢記下列短語(yǔ)：operate on sb. for some disease對(duì)某人施手術(shù)operate on ones mind在思想上產(chǎn)生影響operate a sewing machine使用縫紉機(jī)operate a business經(jīng)營(yíng)一家企業(yè)come/go into operation開始生效i

19、n operation工作中;使用中;有效活學(xué)活用9. 單項(xiàng)選擇When will the new law be _ ?A. come into operationB. operated onC. operationD. operational答案:D11. donate vt. 捐贈(zèng);贈(zèng)送經(jīng)典例句 He donated 100, 000 yuan to the Hope Project for these whose cannot afford their education.他把100，000元捐獻(xiàn)給了希望工程，供上不起學(xué)的孩子用?？键c(diǎn)聚焦1）派生詞：donation n. 捐贈(zèng)；捐贈(zèng)物2

20、）donate vt. 捐贈(zèng);贈(zèng)送，是及物動(dòng)詞，常和介詞to連用，接捐贈(zèng)物作賓語(yǔ)。如：The businessman donated a lot of money to the hospital.這個(gè)商人捐給醫(yī)院很多錢。She donated her books to the library.她把自己的書捐贈(zèng)給圖書館。3）牢記短語(yǔ)：make a general donation to向慷慨捐助。如:The businessman made a general donation of money to my school.那個(gè)商人給我校捐了很多錢。活學(xué)活用10.As is well known,

21、 she has _ her books to the library, which is a great help to our school.A. offerB. donatedC. givenD. supplying答案:B12. correspond vi. 通信經(jīng)典例句 Have you been corresponding with him since you graduated from the university?大學(xué)畢業(yè)后，你一直和他通信嗎?考點(diǎn)聚焦1）派生詞：correspondent n. 通訊記者, 通信者；corresponding adj. 相應(yīng)的, 通訊的2）同

22、義詞：communicate vi. 溝通, 通信3)correspond vi. 通信, 常與with連用。如：I had to correspond with my friends by letters 20 years ago while the Internet is more convenient today.20前，我和我的朋友們靠書信交流，然而，現(xiàn)在，有了網(wǎng)絡(luò)方便多了。4）correspond with與一致，等于，與相似。如：These goods dont correspond with my order.這些貨物與我的訂貨單不符。The American Congress

23、corresponds to the British Parliament.美國(guó)國(guó)會(huì)相當(dāng)于英國(guó)議會(huì)。活學(xué)活用11. 單詞拼寫Youd better c with us regularly, or we will be worried about you.答案:correspond13. meanwhile adv. 同時(shí)巧記提示 mean（意義）+while（時(shí)間）經(jīng)典例句 Bob spent fifteen months alone on his yacht. Ann, meanwhile, took care of the children on her own.鮑勃獨(dú)自在他的游艇上待了十

24、五個(gè)月。在這段時(shí)間，安一個(gè)人照顧孩子?？键c(diǎn)聚焦meanwhile作“同時(shí)”講時(shí)，是不可數(shù)名詞，in the meanwhile相當(dāng)于in the meantime“在此期間”。如：Jane was writing a letter and in the meanwhile Pat was watching TV.簡(jiǎn)在寫信，同時(shí)帕特在看電視。In the meanwhile Ill visit an old friend of mine.在這期間，我將去拜訪我的一位老朋友?；顚W(xué)活用12. 單項(xiàng)填空Mother went shopping， _ I cleaned the house.A. ifB

25、. meanwhileC. MeanwhileD. when答案:B14. outspoken adj. 直言的；坦率的巧記提示 out（出來）spoken（被說）經(jīng)典例句 Mr. Wang is an outspoken person so that we all like him.王先生是一個(gè)直率的人，因此，我們都喜歡他?？键c(diǎn)聚焦1)派生詞：outspokenly adv. 坦率地；outspokenness n. 直率，坦率2）同義詞：frank adj. 坦率的3) outspoken adj. 直言的；坦率的, 常作表語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)。如：The meeting chairman asked

26、 us to be outspoken in our remarks.會(huì)議主席要求我們?cè)跁?huì)上直言不諱。活學(xué)活用13.The teachers expects his students to be _A. spoken outB. outspokenC. speaking outD. out speaking答案:B15. fade vi. 逐漸變?nèi)踅?jīng)典例句 The smoke and fog faded out as the sun appeared.太陽(yáng)出來了，煙霧漸漸消失了。The color fades out when exposed to light.這顏色曝光后會(huì)褪色?？键c(diǎn)聚焦1)

27、fade out 逐漸變?nèi)酰３Ｖ割伾饾u消退、聲譽(yù)漸漸淡化、云煙逐漸消失。The lights and music faded as we set sail from the harbor.當(dāng)我們從海港起航時(shí)，光線逐漸變暗，音樂聲逐漸減弱。2)牢記相關(guān)短語(yǔ)：fade in電影畫面或廣播聲音漸現(xiàn)，淡入fade away消失;逐漸減弱;褪色fade up漸強(qiáng)(指電視、廣播中的聲音)?；顚W(xué)活用14.The memory of her sufferings in her childhood will never _ from her mind.A. fade outB. take outC. eat

28、 outD. get out答案:A16. primitive adj. 原始的經(jīng)典例句 Primitive people often lived in caves.原始人常常住在山洞里?？键c(diǎn)聚焦1）同義詞：original adj. 最初的, 原始的2）反義詞：present adj. 現(xiàn)在的, 出席的;modern adj. 近代的, 現(xiàn)代的3）primitive 有兩方面的含義：表示處于遠(yuǎn)古時(shí)代的事物。如：Primitive man made tools from sharp stones and animal bones.原始人用尖石塊和動(dòng)物的骨頭制造工具。表示某工具粗糙、簡(jiǎn)陋。如：T

29、he natives of that region still live in primitive straw huts.那個(gè)地區(qū)的居民依然住在古老的茅草屋里。3）注意下列短語(yǔ)的對(duì)應(yīng)意義：primitive weapons簡(jiǎn)陋的武器，modern weapons現(xiàn)代武器primitive societies原始社會(huì)，modern societies現(xiàn)代社會(huì)a primitive lifestyle簡(jiǎn)陋的生活方式，a modern lifestyle現(xiàn)代生活方式primitive medicine原始醫(yī)藥，modern medicine最新的醫(yī)藥活學(xué)活用15. Living conditions

30、 in the village are still quite _.A. modernB. primitiveC. theoreticalD. far-reaching答案:B17. permanent adj. 長(zhǎng)久的;永久的經(jīng)典例句 In business, there is no permanent enemy but there is only permanent interest.在商業(yè)上，沒有永遠(yuǎn)的敵人，只有永遠(yuǎn)的利益?？键c(diǎn)聚焦1）派生詞：permanently adv. 永久地;長(zhǎng)期不變地2）同義詞：eternal adj. 永久的, 不朽的3）反義詞：temporary adj

31、. 臨時(shí)的4）permanent adj. 長(zhǎng)久的, 持久的，強(qiáng)調(diào)某事物是一成不變的，含有unchangeable之意。常常作定語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。如：Drinking seems to have become a permanent fixture in his life.喝酒好像已經(jīng)成為他生活中的一部分了。5）permanently adv. 長(zhǎng)久地，持久地。如：The terrible accident left him permanently disabled.那次可怕的事故使他永久殘廢了。6）詞組：a permanent committee常務(wù)委員會(huì)permanent address永久地址a

32、 permanent job固定職業(yè)活學(xué)活用16. 用詞的適應(yīng)形式填空1）As time goes on, it is impossible that one does a _ （permanent） job in one place.2)The doors were kept _ （permanent） locked.答案:1）permanent2)permanently18. permitvt. 允許;準(zhǔn)許經(jīng)典例句 Parents should not permit their children to smoke.父母不應(yīng)該準(zhǔn)許他們的孩子們吸煙?？键c(diǎn)聚焦1)permission n. 許可

33、, 允許；permissibly adv. 得到許可地, 獲準(zhǔn)地2)同義詞：allow vt. 允許3)反義詞：forbid vt. 禁止4）permit vt. 允許;準(zhǔn)許，后接名詞或動(dòng)名詞。permit doing sth. 允許做某事。5）permit sb. to do sth. 允許某人做某事。6）記住短語(yǔ)：if my health permits如果我的健康狀況容許的話if my time permits如果我的時(shí)間容許的話if circumstances permit如果環(huán)境允許7）permit n. 許可證；執(zhí)照活學(xué)活用17. 漢譯英情況不許可我?guī)椭恪答案:Circumst

34、ances do not permit me to help you.19.press vt. 按；壓經(jīng)典例句 He pressed the doorbell.他按了門鈴。Just press this button, and youll start the engine.只要按一下這個(gè)按鈕便可啟動(dòng)這臺(tái)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)了?？键c(diǎn)聚焦1）派生詞：pressure n. 壓力2）近義詞：push vt. 推動(dòng)3）press vt. 擠壓，榨取, 與out of, from，through連用。如：He pressed his way through the crowD.他擠過人群。4）press vt. 熨；熨平。如：Ive pressed your trousers with the iron.我用熨斗熨了你的褲子。5）press vt. 迫；迫使；進(jìn)逼，常與on, upon連用。The debts pressed on him.債務(wù)威逼