虛擬語氣用法總結)教學提綱

1、虛擬語氣用法總結)一、虛擬語氣在一、虛擬語氣在 if非真實條件句中非真實條件句中虛擬條件虛擬條件從句從句(If)主主 句句與與現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在事實相事實相反的假設反的假設與與過去過去事實相事實相反的假設反的假設與與將來將來事實相事實相反的假設反的假設 過去式過去式 be -wereshould / would/could / might + dohad doneshould / would/ could / might + have done過去式（過去式（be-were）should dowere to doshould / would/could / might + doIf you had st

2、udied hard before, you would have passed the exam. （過去虛擬過去虛擬）1.1.如果我是你，我會接受他的建議（現(xiàn)在虛擬）如果我是你，我會接受他的建議（現(xiàn)在虛擬）2.2.如果明天下雨，我會待在家里。（將來虛擬）如果明天下雨，我會待在家里。（將來虛擬）3.3.如果你以前好好學習，如果你以前好好學習， 你會通過考試的。你會通過考試的。If I were you, I would accept his advice.If it rained（should rain/were to rain ）tomorrow, I would stay at home

3、.You didnt let me drive. If we _ in turn, you _ so tired. drove; didnt get drove; wouldnt get were driving; wouldnt getA.had driven; wouldnt have got1. if從句中，從句中， 省略省略if，were，had，should可以放在句可以放在句首，（用于倒裝結構），首，（用于倒裝結構），否定詞否定詞not不能不能放在放在前面。前面。1.If I were you, I would accept his advice.2.If it should ra

4、in tomorrow, I would stay at home.3.If you had studied hard before, you would have passed the exam.Had you studied hard before,Were I you,Should it rain tomorrow,._ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yang Pu Bridge. Were B. Should C.Would D. Will If it should rain tomorrow (

5、省略if，用部分倒裝）2.錯綜時間虛擬語氣錯綜時間虛擬語氣當當從句與主句時間不一致從句與主句時間不一致時時，動詞的形式動詞的形式要根要根據(jù)它所表示的時間作出據(jù)它所表示的時間作出相應的調整。相應的調整。If you _(follow)my advice just now, you _(be)better now.If you _(study)hard before, you _(be)a college student now.had followedwould behad studiedwould beIf you _ with George earlier, you _ so angry n

6、ow. talked; would not be had talked; would not be would talk; would not beA.had talked; would not have beenIf we had taken such effective measures much earlier, the river _ so seriously now. is not polluted would not be polluted had not been pollutedA.would not have been polluted3 3、含蓄虛擬語氣、含蓄虛擬語氣在虛擬

7、語氣中，并不總是出現(xiàn)在虛擬語氣中，并不總是出現(xiàn)ifif引導的條件句，引導的條件句，而通過其它手段來代替條件句。而通過其它手段來代替條件句。常用的有常用的有otherwise ，or ，without，but for（倘沒（倘沒有，要不是）有，要不是）等。等。1.I was ill that day. Otherwise, I would have taken part in the sports meeting.=If I hadnt been ill that day, I would have taken part in the sports meeting.2.He telephoned

8、 to inform me of your birthday, or I would have known nothing about it.3.Without / But for your help, we couldnt have finished the work ahead of time.=If it had not been for your help, Without electricity, human being life _ quite different today. is will be would have beenA.would beBut for his help

9、, I _. should not have succeeded have not succeeded did not succeedA.had not succeededHe hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he _ a goal. had scored scored would scoreA.would have scoredIt is strange that_.他居然會這樣說，真是奇怪。他居然會這樣說，真是奇怪。 It is necessary that_. 有必要派他去北京。有必要派他去北京。 二、虛

10、擬語氣在二、虛擬語氣在主語從句主語從句中的使用中的使用1，Its necessary/strange/natural/important/ impossible that 主語主語+(should)+動詞原形動詞原形he ( should ) say sohe be sent to Beijing2.It is a pity /a shame/ a surprise/no wonder that 主語+(should)+V原形It is a great pity that_. 他居然會這樣想，真是一件憾事。他居然會這樣想，真是一件憾事。he ( should ) think so3.It is

11、/was suggested /ordered / demanded / proposed / （1234）+that +主語主語+(should)+V原形原形Its suggested that the plan should be carried out.It is suggested that_. 有人建議，晚會周六舉行。有人建議，晚會周六舉行。 the party （should）beheld on Saturday 一個堅持一個堅持 insisted 兩道命令兩道命令 ordered, commanded 三條建議三條建議 advised, suggested, proposed四點

12、要求四點要求 demanded, required, requested, desired It is required that you _ at six. will arrive B. arrive C. arrived D. would arrive2.It is strange that the lazy boy _ pass the exam. A. has B. should C. would D. might 3. It is necessary that our drinking water _ cleaner. A. should be made B. is made C.

13、would be made D. was made三三.虛擬語氣在虛擬語氣在賓語從句賓語從句中的使用中的使用1.在在wish 引導的賓語從句中引導的賓語從句中與與現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在事實相反事實相反 與與過去過去事實相反事實相反 與與將來將來 事實相反事實相反 過去時（過去時（were）過去完成時、過去完成時、 had+donecould have done Should/would/could/might+動詞原形動詞原形I wish (that)he_(visit) us tomorrow.I wish (that) he_(visit)us today.I wish he_(visit) us ye

14、sterday. would visitvisitedhad visited I wish I _ the meeting last week. A. could attend B. attended C. have attended D. had attended2.在表示堅持，要求在表示堅持，要求,命令命令,建議的賓語從句中建議的賓語從句中一個堅持一個堅持 _ 兩個命令兩個命令 _ 三個建議三個建議 _ 四個要求四個要求 _ +that 主語主語+（ should ）+ V原形原形The doctor suggested that he (should) try （try）to lose

15、his weight.He insisted that we (should) tell （ tell）him the news. insist order, command advise, suggest, propose demand, require, request, desire 注意：注意：suggest:表明，暗示表明，暗示 陳述語氣陳述語氣 建議建議 虛擬語氣虛擬語氣Her pale face suggested that she _（be)ill .Her friends suggested that she _(send) to hospital immediately.I

16、nsist：堅持說，堅持說， 陳述語氣陳述語氣 堅持要求堅持要求 虛擬語氣虛擬語氣He insisted that he _(not steal) the money .He insisted that he _ (set) free.was(should) be senthadnt stolen(should) be set3.在在 would rather寧愿寧愿 would prefer would sooner +賓語從句中賓語從句中 had rather would as soon與與現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在或或將來將來事實相反事實相反 過去時過去時 動詞過去式動詞過去式/were與與過去過去事實相

17、反事實相反 過去完成時過去完成時 had doneI would rather you _(come) here now.I would rather you _(come) here tomorrow.I would rather you _ (not tell)me the truth yesterday.camehadnt toldcame四、虛擬語氣的其他用法四、虛擬語氣的其他用法1. as if / as though（好像）（好像）+從句從句(與與wish一樣一樣) if only(要是要是就好了）就好了）If only I _ (be)a birdIf only you _ （l

18、isten)to our advice!If only I _ （be）a superstar some day.He looks as if he _an artist.He talked about the accident as if he _it.werehad listenedwould bewerehad seen2.It is (high / about) time+ (that)從句從句 動詞過去式動詞過去式 should（不可省略不可省略） + do該是某人做某事的時候了。該是某人做某事的時候了。It is high time that you got up/should g

19、et up.Im getting tired; its time we _ home. A. go B. are going C. went D. should be going 3、在、在for fear that, in case, lest引導的從句中引導的從句中，若用虛擬語氣時，從句謂語為：（，若用虛擬語氣時，從句謂語為：（should） + do。并且。并且should能省略（能省略（for fear that，lest），），in case不能省略不能省略 She examined the door again for fear that a thief _ (come) in. 她又把門檢查了一遍，以防盜賊的進入。 He started out earlier lest he _ (be) late. 他早早的就出發(fā)了以防遲到。(should) come(should) be 4、在、在so that / in order that 所引導的目的狀語所引導的目的狀語從句中，從句中的謂語為：從句中，從句中的謂語為：