2016中考英語書面表達(dá)備考

1、2021/8/141中考英語書面表達(dá)高分突破 2021/8/142一，河南中招英語作文評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)一，河南中招英語作文評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 書面表達(dá)，書面表達(dá)，15分。考生應(yīng)根據(jù)題目要求，采用適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)分?？忌鷳?yīng)根據(jù)題目要求，采用適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)、句式和詞語，態(tài)、語態(tài)、句式和詞語， 完整、準(zhǔn)確地表達(dá)所要求的內(nèi)容。完整、準(zhǔn)確地表達(dá)所要求的內(nèi)容。分四檔評分。分四檔評分。 第一檔：符合題目要求，內(nèi)容完整，層次結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，表達(dá)第一檔：符合題目要求，內(nèi)容完整，層次結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，表達(dá)清楚，語言無誤。清楚，語言無誤。13-15分。分。 第二檔：基本符合題目要求，內(nèi)容較完整，層次結(jié)構(gòu)較清第二檔：基本符合題目要求，內(nèi)容較完整，層次結(jié)構(gòu)

2、較清晰，表達(dá)較清楚，語言有少量錯(cuò)誤。晰，表達(dá)較清楚，語言有少量錯(cuò)誤。912分。分。 第三檔：部分內(nèi)容符合題目要求，內(nèi)容不夠完整，層次結(jié)第三檔：部分內(nèi)容符合題目要求，內(nèi)容不夠完整，層次結(jié)構(gòu)不夠清晰，表達(dá)不夠清楚，語言有較多錯(cuò)誤。構(gòu)不夠清晰，表達(dá)不夠清楚，語言有較多錯(cuò)誤。4-8分。分。 第四檔：不符合題目要求，整篇表達(dá)不清楚，或照抄、拼第四檔：不符合題目要求，整篇表達(dá)不清楚，或照抄、拼湊幾個(gè)詞語。湊幾個(gè)詞語。0-3分。分。2021/8/1431. 1. 審題不清審題不清如有一年中考作文要求寫如有一年中考作文要求寫一項(xiàng)最喜歡的一項(xiàng)最喜歡的課外活動(dòng)課外活動(dòng)，有些考生將作文的主題定位為，有些考生將作文的

3、主題定位為“我最喜歡的活動(dòng)我最喜歡的活動(dòng)”，偏離了偏離了“一項(xiàng)、課外一項(xiàng)、課外活活動(dòng)動(dòng)”這一主題這一主題。依據(jù)作文的評分原則，若文。依據(jù)作文的評分原則，若文章內(nèi)容不切題，則不管語言如何規(guī)范、用詞章內(nèi)容不切題，則不管語言如何規(guī)范、用詞如何準(zhǔn)確，都會(huì)被判為三四類作文。如何準(zhǔn)確，都會(huì)被判為三四類作文。中考英語作文常見問題分析2021/8/144 2.拼寫問題拼寫問題 拼寫是考生應(yīng)該具備的最起碼的基本功，拼寫是考生應(yīng)該具備的最起碼的基本功，但在考生的作文中卻經(jīng)常能發(fā)現(xiàn)很多拼寫但在考生的作文中卻經(jīng)常能發(fā)現(xiàn)很多拼寫錯(cuò)誤。有拼寫錯(cuò)誤的作文肯定會(huì)被酌情扣錯(cuò)誤。有拼寫錯(cuò)誤的作文肯定會(huì)被酌情扣分，一般來說分，一般

4、來說兩個(gè)錯(cuò)誤扣一分，兩個(gè)錯(cuò)誤扣一分，而且有大而且有大量拼寫錯(cuò)誤存在的作文不僅體現(xiàn)出語言基量拼寫錯(cuò)誤存在的作文不僅體現(xiàn)出語言基本功差，同時(shí)也直接影響內(nèi)容的表達(dá)，通本功差，同時(shí)也直接影響內(nèi)容的表達(dá)，通常會(huì)降低作文的檔次。常會(huì)降低作文的檔次。2021/8/145 3，語法問題，語法問題 語法問題主要包括：語法問題主要包括：名詞單復(fù)數(shù)名詞單復(fù)數(shù), 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)與語態(tài)以及與語態(tài)以及缺少動(dòng)詞缺少動(dòng)詞的情況的情況, 形容詞和副詞的等形容詞和副詞的等級形式級形式,代詞代詞、介詞、數(shù)詞和冠詞的使用、介詞、數(shù)詞和冠詞的使用, 主謂一主謂一致等等方面的錯(cuò)誤。另外致等等方面的錯(cuò)誤。另外,還有諸多常見的固定句還

5、有諸多常見的固定句式的錯(cuò)誤。式的錯(cuò)誤。經(jīng)調(diào)查分析經(jīng)調(diào)查分析, 學(xué)生的語法錯(cuò)誤主要是學(xué)生的語法錯(cuò)誤主要是受母語的負(fù)遷移影響。受母語的負(fù)遷移影響。2021/8/146語法問題之語法問題之 缺少動(dòng)詞缺少動(dòng)詞在漢語中沒有動(dòng)詞的句子是允許的，但在漢語中沒有動(dòng)詞的句子是允許的，但 英語中每個(gè)完整的句子都必須有動(dòng)詞來構(gòu)成英語中每個(gè)完整的句子都必須有動(dòng)詞來構(gòu)成 如：如：“我累了。我累了。”這個(gè)句子沒有動(dòng)詞作謂語，這個(gè)句子沒有動(dòng)詞作謂語， 而用形容詞，但英語形容詞不能作謂語，一而用形容詞，但英語形容詞不能作謂語，一 定要加上定要加上be動(dòng)詞，寫成：動(dòng)詞，寫成：Im tired. 誤誤 I happy I can

6、 come to Beijing zoo. 正正 I am happy I can come to Beijing zoo. 誤誤 The apples cheap. Ill take some. 正正 The apples are cheap. Ill take some.2021/8/147語法問題之語法問題之 代詞的誤用代詞的誤用英語中代詞的形式很多，包括主格、賓格、物主英語中代詞的形式很多，包括主格、賓格、物主代詞、反身代詞等。而漢語中沒有主格和賓格、形代詞、反身代詞等。而漢語中沒有主格和賓格、形容詞性物主代詞和名次性物主代詞之分；此外漢語容詞性物主代詞和名次性物主代詞之分；此外漢語中

7、很多時(shí)候不用物主代詞，而英語中物主代詞是不中很多時(shí)候不用物主代詞，而英語中物主代詞是不可省略的，代詞的誤用是考生最容易發(fā)生的錯(cuò)誤可省略的，代詞的誤用是考生最容易發(fā)生的錯(cuò)誤誤誤 I mother and I went to the shop to buy a present for I father. 正正 y mother and Iwent to the shop to buy a present for my father.2021/8/148減少失分，重在夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)減少失分，重在夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ) 通過前面對學(xué)生問題的分析，不難看出如果通過前面對學(xué)生問題的分析，不難看出如果能學(xué)好英語這八類詞：能學(xué)好

8、英語這八類詞：名詞名詞 、動(dòng)詞、動(dòng)詞 、形容詞、副、形容詞、副詞、介詞、數(shù)詞、冠詞和連詞。詞、介詞、數(shù)詞、冠詞和連詞。能正確使用能正確使用5種基種基本句型，兩種語態(tài)，本句型，兩種語態(tài)，這些初中階段要求掌握的基這些初中階段要求掌握的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，作文失分一定會(huì)大大減少。礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，作文失分一定會(huì)大大減少。2021/8/149Head Beginning Body TailEnding2021/8/1410 BeginningBody Ending Concluding sentence 結(jié)論句結(jié)論句Supporting sentence 支持句支持句（例子、實(shí)事、數(shù)據(jù)或引文）（例子、實(shí)事、數(shù)據(jù)或引文）

9、topic sentence 主題句主題句開門見山，開門見山，緊扣主題緊扣主題總結(jié)觀點(diǎn)，發(fā)表己見，總結(jié)觀點(diǎn)，發(fā)表己見，首尾呼應(yīng)首尾呼應(yīng)總總分分總總2021/8/14111.1. Cross-question(Cross-question(審題審題) )u Style (體裁體裁）u Person（人稱人稱）u Tense（時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)）默讀題目弄清要求默讀題目弄清要求, ,抓取有效信息抓取有效信息, ,并適當(dāng)分析。并適當(dāng)分析。2021/8/1412健康很重要。在學(xué)習(xí)和工作的健康很重要。在學(xué)習(xí)和工作的壓力日趨增大的今天，會(huì)休息壓力日趨增大的今天，會(huì)休息的人才會(huì)有健康的身體。人們的人才會(huì)有健康的身體。

10、人們是如何度過假期的呢？國際健是如何度過假期的呢？國際健康組織對此作了一次調(diào)查，右康組織對此作了一次調(diào)查，右圖是他們此次的調(diào)查結(jié)果。根圖是他們此次的調(diào)查結(jié)果。根據(jù)你所得的信息，請為國際健據(jù)你所得的信息，請為國際健康組織寫一篇完整的調(diào)查報(bào)告康組織寫一篇完整的調(diào)查報(bào)告, ,并提倡大家進(jìn)行假日休閑。并提倡大家進(jìn)行假日休閑。牛刀小試牛刀小試Cross-question(Cross-question(審題審題) )visit friends or parentstravelstay at homework2021/8/1413Style (體裁體裁）：）：_Person（人稱人稱）：）：_Tense（時(shí)

11、態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)）: _調(diào)查報(bào)告，記敘文調(diào)查報(bào)告，記敘文第一人稱第一人稱一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)1.1. Cross-question(Cross-question(審題審題) )據(jù)實(shí)描寫：據(jù)實(shí)描寫：適當(dāng)發(fā)揮：適當(dāng)發(fā)揮：度假方式度假方式細(xì)節(jié)及提倡假日休閑細(xì)節(jié)及提倡假日休閑2021/8/14142.2. An outline drawing（概略圖）u List key points(列要點(diǎn)列要點(diǎn))u Arrange and Add (布局加首尾布局加首尾)2021/8/1415 如何度假如何度假調(diào)查報(bào)告調(diào)查報(bào)告倡議假日休閑倡議假日休閑根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞及圖表用簡單的句子列出文章的要點(diǎn)。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞及圖表用簡單的句子列

12、出文章的要點(diǎn)。 List key points List key pointsvisit friends or parentstravelstay at homework列要點(diǎn)時(shí)，內(nèi)容、結(jié)構(gòu)上不能有缺漏，如列要點(diǎn)時(shí)，內(nèi)容、結(jié)構(gòu)上不能有缺漏，如有漏點(diǎn)，扣分最多！有漏點(diǎn)，扣分最多！2021/8/1416 List key points1.A lot of people travel. 2.Some people stay at home. 3.Some other people visit friends or parents. 4.A few people work.Enjoy your vac

13、ation.visit friends or parentstravelstay at homework2021/8/1417How do people spend their vacation? We made a survey and here is our report. （the beginning）A lot of people travel. Some people stay at home. Some other people visit friends or p a r e n t s . A f e w p e o p l e w o r k . (the key point

14、s) Come and enjoy your vacation. People who relax well work well. （the ending）加加(add)加首尾加首尾 總分總總分總2021/8/14183.3. Sentence Making and Beautifying word word phrase phrase sentence sentence Beautifying內(nèi)容和語言表達(dá)內(nèi)容和語言表達(dá)內(nèi)容全面，表達(dá)有新意或亮點(diǎn)內(nèi)容全面，表達(dá)有新意或亮點(diǎn)2021/8/14193.3. Sentence Making and Beautifying（美化） word word

15、 phrase phrase sentence sentence Beautifying2021/8/1420How do people spend their vacation? We made a survey and here is our report.(the beginning)A lot of people travel. Some people stay at home. Some other people visit friends or parents. A few people work. Come and enjoy your vacation. People who

16、relax well work well.(the ending) most people choose to travel to get away from the busy world during the holidays.美美(beautify)2021/8/1421方法一方法一: :善用意義相近的善用意義相近的 高級詞匯，避免行文單調(diào)高級詞匯，避免行文單調(diào)2021/8/1422Which is better?1 1我希望你能幫助我。我希望你能幫助我。A I hope you can help me. B Im looking forward to your help. 2 我不吃垃圾

17、食品。我不吃垃圾食品。A I dont eat junk food. B I stay away from junk food.3 3 我們應(yīng)該努力取得好成績。我們應(yīng)該努力取得好成績。A We should work hard to get good grades.B Were supposed to try our best to get good grades.2021/8/1423 Most people choose to travel to get away from the busy world during the holidays. Some people stay at ho

18、me. Some other people visit friends or parents. A few people work. some people like to stay at home, watching TV or surfing the Internet to have a good rest.some people like to stay at home, watching TV or surfing the Internet to have a good rest.It makes them relaxed to visit friends or parents. A

19、few people have to work. It makes them relaxed to visit friends or parents. A few people have to work. 2021/8/1424方法二方法二 : : 活用多種句型活用多種句型, ,避避免重復(fù)和呆板免重復(fù)和呆板, ,增加文采增加文采盡量使用自己熟悉的句型盡量使用自己熟悉的句型,以正確、通順為最基本要求以正確、通順為最基本要求2021/8/1425Which is better?1 1 雨下得很大，所以他沒趕上校車。雨下得很大，所以他沒趕上校車。A It rained heavily. So he

20、didnt catch the school bus.B He missed the school bus because of the heavy rain.missedbecause of 2 我們應(yīng)該保護(hù)環(huán)境。我們應(yīng)該保護(hù)環(huán)境。A We should protect the environment.B Its our duty to protect the environment.2021/8/1426Most people choose to travel to get away from the busy world during the holidays.Some people l

21、ike to stay at home, watching TV or surfing the Internet to have a good rest.It makes them relaxed to visit friends or parents.A few people have to work. (the key points) Come and enjoy your vacation. People who relax well work well. （the ending）As the saying goes, “All work and no play makes Jack a

22、 dull boy.” Come and enjoy your vacation. People who relax well work well. （the ending）只會(huì)用功不玩耍，聰明孩子也變傻只會(huì)用功不玩耍，聰明孩子也變傻Proverb（諺語）（諺語）2021/8/1427方法三方法三: : 妙用引文和例子，旁征博妙用引文和例子，旁征博引，豐富文章內(nèi)容，增加說服力。引，豐富文章內(nèi)容，增加說服力。2021/8/1428加諺語加諺語(Proverb)集中注意力于學(xué)習(xí)集中注意力于學(xué)習(xí)We should concentrate on our studies.As the saying go

23、es, “No pains, no gains.” We should concentrate on our studies.2021/8/1429加諺語加諺語(Proverb)加入英語俱樂部是學(xué)習(xí)英語的好方法加入英語俱樂部是學(xué)習(xí)英語的好方法Joining the English club is a good way to learn English.As the saying goes, “Practice makes perfect.” So joining the English club is a good way to learn English.2021/8/1430Enjoy s

24、ome proverbs1.Practice makes perfect.2.Think twice before you do. 4.Do as the Romans do. 7.An apple a day keeps the doctor away. 8.All roads lead to Rome. 三思而后行。三思而后行。熟能生巧。熟能生巧。有志者事竟成。有志者事竟成。入鄉(xiāng)隨俗。入鄉(xiāng)隨俗。早起的鳥兒有蟲吃。早起的鳥兒有蟲吃。失敗是成功之母。失敗是成功之母。5.The early bird catches the worm.一天一個(gè)蘋果，一天一個(gè)蘋果， 醫(yī)生遠(yuǎn)離我。醫(yī)生遠(yuǎn)離我。條條大路

25、通羅馬。條條大路通羅馬。3.Where there is a will, there is a way.6.Failure is the mother of success.2021/8/1431青少年應(yīng)盡我們所能保護(hù)環(huán)境拯救地球。青少年應(yīng)盡我們所能保護(hù)環(huán)境拯救地球。We teenagers should do what we can to protect the environment and save the earth. For example, we can use recycled bags instead of plastic bags, stop using napkins, p

26、lant more trees and save water and energy.加例子加例子2021/8/14324.4. Sentence connectionsentencespassageLinking words（連接詞）（連接詞）2021/8/1433連連(connect) How do people spend their vacation? We made a survey and here is our report.（the beginning） As the saying goes, “All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy

27、.” Come and enjoy your vacation.People whorelax well work well. （the ending） Most people choose to travel to get away from the busy world during the holidays. Some people like to stay at home, watching TV or surfing the Internet to have a good rest. It makes them relaxed to visit friends or parents.

28、 A few people have to work. (the body)2021/8/1434連連(connect) How do people spend their vacation? We made a survey and here is our report. According to it, most people choose to travel to get away from the busy world during the holidays. Then some people like to stay at home,watching TV or surfing th

29、e Internet to have a good rest. And it also makes them relaxed to visit friends or parents. However, a few people have to work. As the saying goes, “All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.” Come and enjoy your vacation.People Who relax well work well.2021/8/1435方法四方法四: :妙用關(guān)聯(lián)詞，使行文連妙用關(guān)聯(lián)詞，使行文連貫流暢，使

30、文章富有層次感。貫流暢，使文章富有層次感。2021/8/14361.表示并列表示并列: and, as well as, not onlybut also bothand, neithernor， 2.表示遞進(jìn)表示遞進(jìn): besides, whats more 3.表示轉(zhuǎn)折表示轉(zhuǎn)折: but, however, althoughthough, after all, anyway4.表示因果表示因果: because, since,for, so, therefore, as a result5.表示條件表示條件: if, unless2021/8/14376.表示對比表示對比: instead

31、, notbut, while, in the same way, on the one handon the other hand7.表示解釋表示解釋: for example, for instance, such as, that is to say, in other words, to tell the truth8.表示順序表示順序: to begin with, first (of all), firstly, second(ly), finally, in the end； next,later, since then, from then on9.表示強(qiáng)調(diào)表示強(qiáng)調(diào): also

32、, besides, especially, actually, in fact10.表示結(jié)論表示結(jié)論: all in all, in a word,generally speaking, in short2021/8/1438_ I am tired, I keep on working till midnight.He didnt go to movies, he went to the concert _.We like doing kinds of sports _ swimming, running and hiking._, he stood up. Then he got out

33、. _, he went back. _, he smiled.( )Its too late to invite any more people. _, you know how Tim hates parties.A Besides B However C Still D InsteadThoughAlthoughinstead such asFirstNextFinallyAt lastA2021/8/14395.5. CheckinguSpelling(拼寫拼寫)uTense(時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài))uGrammer (語法語法)uHandwriting(書寫書寫)uPunctuation mark

34、s(標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào))通覽全文仔細(xì)檢查通覽全文仔細(xì)檢查2021/8/14401.名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)問題名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)問題More and more students use the mobile phone. mobile phones2.數(shù)的不一致、時(shí)態(tài)不一致、代詞不一致以數(shù)的不一致、時(shí)態(tài)不一致、代詞不一致以及主謂不一致等問題及主謂不一致等問題Some students said they will put the mobile phone at home. would their mobile phones3.3.時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)問題時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)問題Great changes were taken place there over the years. have taken place4.Chinglish 4.Chinglish 現(xiàn)象現(xiàn)象They often compare their mobile phone good and bad.I think we shouldnt take the