(完整word版)初二英語知識點總結(jié)材料

1、實用標準文案大全初二英語知識點總結(jié)：（一）一般將來時一般將來時表示將來某個時間要發(fā)生的動作或者存在的狀態(tài)。通常與表示將來的時間狀語連用，女口tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, n ext year, next mon th, next week, in100 years等。be going to do（動詞原形）結(jié)構(gòu)：表示打算、準備做的事情或者肯定要發(fā)生的事情。如：It is going to rain.will do結(jié)構(gòu)表示將來的用法：1.表示預見Do you think it will rain?You will feel better after a go

2、od rest.2.表示意圖I will borrow a book from our school library tomorrow.What will she do tomorrow?基本構(gòu)成如下：一般疑問句構(gòu)成：(1)will+主語+do? Will Sarah come to visit me next Sun day?(2)there be結(jié)構(gòu)的一般疑問句：Will there + be?Will there be fewer trees? Yes, there will. / No, there won t否定句構(gòu)成：will + not(won t)+doSarah wont c

3、ome to visit me n ext Sun day.特殊疑問句構(gòu)成：特殊疑問詞+will+主語 +？What will Sarah do next Su nday?答案：1. Shell have a lot of homework tonight.2. Ill sleep later.3. Theyll buy one soon.4. Well leave a little later.5. Maybe itll be better tomorrow.(二)should的用法:根據(jù)例句，用will改寫下列各句例：I dont feel well today.III be better

4、 tomorrow.1. Gina has six classes today.2. Im tired now.(sleep later3. Mypare4. We cant leave right now.5. The weather is awful today.(be better tomorrow)(have a lot of homework toni ght)(buy one soon)(leave a little later)(be better tomorrow)實用標準文案大全should用來提出建議和忠告，后邊加動詞原形，否定句直接在should后邊加not.例如：I t

5、hink you should eat less junk food.我認為你應(yīng)該少吃垃圾食品。She drives a lot and she seldom walks. So I think she should walk a lot.她經(jīng)常開車，很少走路。所以我認為她應(yīng)該多走路。Students shouldnt spend too much time playing computer games.學生們不應(yīng)當花太多的時間玩計算機游戲。學習向別人提建議的幾種句式：(1)I think you should(2)Well, you could(3)Maybe you should(4)Wh

6、y dont you?(5)What about doing sth.?(6)You d better do sth.用should或shouldnt填空1. I cant sleep the night before exams.You_take a warm shower before you go to bed.2. Good friends_ argue each other.3. There is little milk in the glass. We_ buy some.4. They didnt invite you? Maybe you_be friendlier.5. I

7、am a little bit overweight. So I thi nk I_do exercises every day.答案：1. should 2. shouldnt 3. should 4. should 5. should(三)過去進行時過去進行時表示過去某一點時間正在進行的動作或者過去某一段時間內(nèi)一直進行的動 作。1.構(gòu)成was /were + doing，例如：I was watching TV at 9 oclock last night.at 9 oclock last night是時間點They were play ing football all afterno _

8、all afternoon_是時間段2.過去進行時的標志詞at 8 oclock last night, this time yesterday等。例如：I was havi ng lunch at home this time yesterday.昨天的這個時候我正在吃午飯。At that time she was writing a book.那陣子她在寫一本書。(表示她在那段時間里一直在做那件事情。)用括號中所給動詞的適當形式填空。1. This time yesterday I_(read)books.2. At 9 oclock last Sun day they_(have)a p

9、arty.實用標準文案大全3.Whenl _(come)in to the classroom, she_(read)a storybook.4._ She_(play)computergames while her mother_(cook)實用標準文案大全yesterday after noon.5.1_(have)a shower when you_(call)me yesterday.答案：1. was readi ng2. were havi ng3. came; was reading4. was play ing; was cook ing5. was havi ng; call

10、ed（四）間接引語形成步驟：（1）不要逗號，冒號，引號（2）要考慮到人稱的變化（人稱的變化與漢語是一致的）（3）要考慮時態(tài)的變化（4）要考慮時間狀語、地點狀語和語示代詞的變化。1.直接引語變成間接引語時，幾個主要時態(tài)的變化規(guī)律直接引語間接引語一般現(xiàn)在時一般過去時一般將來時過去將來時現(xiàn)在進行時過去進行時2.直接引語變成間接引語時，一些詞匯的變化規(guī)律直接引語間接引語1. am / is1. was2. are2. were3. have / has3. had4. will4. would5. can5. could6. may6. might用括號中所給動詞的適當形式填空。1. She said

11、 I_(be)hard-working.5. Anton io told me he_答案：1. was2. was請轉(zhuǎn)述他人說的話：1.1 go to the beach every Saturday.(Tom)2. I can speak three Ianguages.(Lucy)3. I will call you tomorrow.(Mike)4. Im having a surprise party for Lana.(she)（五 ）if引導的條件狀語從句 結(jié)構(gòu)：if+ 一般現(xiàn)在時，主語+將來時含義：如果，將要例如：If you ask him, he will help you

12、.如果你請求他，他會幫助你。If need be, weII work all night.2. Peter told me he_3. She said she_(be)bored yesterday.(go)swim ming last Sun day.4. Bobby said he_(may)call me later.(read)a book then.3. went4. might5. was readi ng實用標準文案大全如果需要，我們就干個通宵。根據(jù)中文提示，完成句子。1.如果你參加聚會，你將會過得很開心。If you_ the party, you_ .2.如果明天下雨，我

13、們將不去野餐。If it_ tomorrow, we_.3.如果你經(jīng)常聽英文歌，你將會喜歡英語的。If you ofte n_ , you_.答案：1. If you go to the party, you will have a good time2. If it rains tomorrow, we wont go to the picnic3. If you often listen to English songs, youll like English二.完形填空特點及解題思路（一）題型分類與特點完形填空試題是在給出的一篇短文中有目的地拿掉若干個詞，留下一些空格，要求考生借助短文保

14、留的部分，從所給的短文整體出發(fā)，在正確理解短文意思的基礎(chǔ)上，根據(jù)句子和句子間的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系、詞的用法和習慣搭配等，用適當?shù)脑~或詞語填空，使補全后的短文意思 通順、前后連貫、結(jié)構(gòu)完整。這種題型測試的內(nèi)容從形式上看是單詞或短語的填空，但它必 須注意到短文中上、下文意思連貫、詞語搭配和語法結(jié)構(gòu)正確，所以在空格上所填的詞必須 符合語義適用和語法正確兩條原則， 只考慮某一側(cè)面都可能導致錯誤。中考中完形填空試題的基本題型分兩類：完形填空選擇題和完形填空題。1.完形填空選擇題：該題型的特點是將一篇短文中若干詞語抽掉留下空格，對每一空格提供若干個選擇項，要求考生通讀短文后，在理解短文意思的基礎(chǔ)上，運用所學的詞匯、

15、句型、語法等語言知識，從所提供的備選項中選出一個最佳答案，使短文內(nèi)容完整正確。中考完形填空主要以這種題型為主。它所給的短文一般與初中英語教材難易程度相當，字數(shù)在150-200個單詞之內(nèi)，多數(shù)設(shè)置10個左右空格，所設(shè)考點涉及詞匯、語法及對短文內(nèi)容的理解。短文的第一句一般不設(shè)空，以期提供一個語境，對每一空格設(shè)置的選項基本都屬于相 同或?qū)Φ鹊脑~類，給判定選擇帶來一定的干擾，側(cè)重考查了考生準確運用詞匯的能力及對短 文的整體理解和邏輯推理能力。2.選詞填空題：該題型的特點是把抽出的詞打亂順序，不按原文順序排列，放在短文前 面或后面的方框內(nèi)，有時還增加幾個文外的詞，要求考生從中選出適當?shù)脑~以正確的形式填

16、入短文空格內(nèi)。（A）Jack wan ted to ask for two days off, 1 he had only lear nt the phrase（短語）have a day off”. He 2 , then he had an idea.“Grandmother is ill. MayI have a day off, 3 ?_”he asked the teacher.“Of course, you can.”replied（答復）the teacher at on ce. After a while, the boy came to 4 at the teachers d

17、oor.“May I have a day off 5 ?_”The teacher was very surprised,“Didntyou 6 it just now?” “Yes, sir. But I can t be here 7 , either.”The teacher understood him and couldnot help 8 . Then he said with a smile,“Why didnt you sayMay I have two days off?”The boy answered quickly 9 a loud voice.But you onl

18、y 10 ushave a day off!”（）1. A. butB. andC. orD. for實用標準文案大全（）2. A. thought hardlyB. thought hard and hardC. hard thoughtD. thought and thought（）3. A. MissB. sirC. teacherD. Mr（）4. A. strikeB. bestC. hitD. knock（）5. A. alsoB. aga inC. tooD. once（）6. A. speakB. tellC. sayD. do（）7. A. tomorrowB. the da

19、y after tomorrowC. yesterdayD. the day before yesterday（）8. A. laughB. to laughC. laughedD. laughi ng（）9. A. withB. onC. inD. by（）10. A. teachB. taughtC.are teach ingD.wereteach ing（B）請根據(jù)內(nèi)容從所給的15個單詞中選出最恰當?shù)?0個填入空白處，使短文完整，有些詞要根據(jù)需要作適當?shù)脑~形變化。than, so, tell, us, them, report, beause, love, composition,und

20、erstand,to, that,much, for, whatA gen erati on gap（代溝）has become a serious problem. I read a_（1）about it in the newspaper. Somechildren have killed _（2）after quarrels（爭吵）with parents. I think this is _（3）they dont have a good talk with eachother. Parents now spend_（4）time in the office._（5）they dont

21、have much time to stay with their childre n. As time passes, they both feel_（6）they dont have the same topics（話題）to talk about. I want to_（7）pare nts to be more with your childre n, get to know them and un dersta nd them. And for children, showyour feeling_（8）your parents. They are the people who_（9

22、）you. So tell them your thoughts（想法）.In this way, you can have a better_（10）of each other.完形填空選擇題的一般解題思路是：1.跳過空格、通讀全文、把握大意。先跳過空格，通讀試題所給的要完形填空的短文，獲得整體印象，做到弄清文脈、抓住主旨，較好地把握短文大意。要在閱讀理解短文意思的基礎(chǔ)上才開始判定選擇，切忌倉促下筆。2.結(jié)合選項、綜合考慮、初定答案。在理解全文意思的基礎(chǔ)上，再結(jié)合所給備選項細讀 全文，聯(lián)系上、下文內(nèi)容，注意從上、下文的語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞語搭配及從選擇項中尋找解題的 提示，以詞、句的意義為先，再從分

23、析句子結(jié)構(gòu)入手，根據(jù)短文意思、語法規(guī)則、詞語固定 搭配等進行綜合考慮，對備選項逐一進行分析、比較和篩選，排除干擾項、初步選定答案。3.瞻前顧后、先易后難、各個擊破。動筆時要瞻前顧后、通篇考慮、先易后難。對比較明顯直接的、自己最有把握的答案先做，一下子不能確定答案的， 先跳過這一空格，繼續(xù)往實用標準文案大全下做，最后回過頭來再集中精力解決難點。這時可結(jié)合已確定答案的選項再讀一遍短文，隨著對短文理解的深入，可以降低試題的難度，提高選擇的正確率。4.復讀全文、逐空驗證、彌補疏漏。完成各道題選擇后，把所選的答案代入原文，再把全文通讀一篇，逐空認真復查?？此x定的答案是否使短文意思前后連貫、 順理成章，

24、語法 結(jié)構(gòu)是否正確，是否符合習慣表達法。 如發(fā)現(xiàn)錯誤答案或有疑問的， 應(yīng)再次推敲、反復斟酌、 做出修正。完形填空試題的一般解題思路是：1.跳過空格、通讀短文、了解大意。解題時先跳過空格，通讀完形填空的短文，了解全 篇的內(nèi)容和要旨。要重視首句，善于以首句的時態(tài)、語氣為立足點，理清文脈，推測全文主 題及大意。2.復讀短文、確定語義、判斷詞形。把握短文大意后再認真復讀短文，利用上下文的語境，結(jié)合所學過的知識， 先確定空格處所需詞語的意義， 再根據(jù)空格在句子中的位置， 判斷 其在句中充當?shù)某煞郑?從而確定所填詞的詞性， 再依據(jù)詞語搭配和語法規(guī)則， 判斷所填的詞 的正確形式。3.三讀短文、上下參照、驗證

25、答案。在短文的每一空白處填上一個詞后，將完成的短文 再細讀一遍，上下參照，連貫思考。把所填的答案放入短文中進行檢驗，可從上、下文內(nèi)容是否協(xié)調(diào)一致、順理成章，語法結(jié)構(gòu)是否正確無誤等進行綜合驗證，凡有疑問必須重新推敲（三）課文閱讀指導1.初中閱讀閱讀理解能力（1）理解主旨要義（2）理解文中具體信息（3）根據(jù)上下文猜測生詞的意義（4）做出簡單判斷的推理（5）理解文章的基本結(jié)構(gòu)（6）理解作者的意圖和態(tài)度2.培養(yǎng)良好閱讀習慣（1）擴大視距（2）克服聲讀（3）克服逐字讀3.猜測詞文（1）通過標題或主題句進行預測（2）文章的標題或主題句可包括作者的意圖和傾向、篇章的總體意義和深層意義，因 此通過文章標題或主

26、題句進行預測，以便正確理解。（3）通過語篇標記進行預測（4）語篇標記包括關(guān)聯(lián)詞、轉(zhuǎn)換詞也包括其他關(guān)鍵詞。（5）利用背景知識預測（6）禾U用圖片進行預測【模擬試題】（答題時間：80分鐘）選擇填空。()1. Beijing won the cha nces_the 2008 Olympics.A. to hostB. hostC. hosti ngD. hosted實用標準文案大全()2. Tiger Woods can make billions_ dollars a year.A. forB. withC. ofD. on()3.You looked so beautiful at the p

27、arty.A. No, I don t think soB. Of courseC. Thank you very muchD. No, Im not beautiful()4. The text is very easy for you. There are_new words in it.A. a fewB. a littleC. fewD. little()5. In the bookshop, a reader asked the shopkeeper_“Who Moved Mycheese”was an interesting book.A. thatB. what C. howD.

28、 if()6.In our English study reading is more interestingthan speaking, I think.I don t agree. Speaking is_reading.A. as importa nt asB. so importa nt asC. the more importa ntD. the most importa nt()7. If he_ harder, hell catch up with us.A. workB. worksC. workedD. will work()8. The man ager_ that the

29、 bus in ess would be worse after the stock(股票)went dow n.A. talkedB. toldC. saidD. spoke()9.We should keepin the readi ng-room.A. quietB. quietlyC. quiteD. quickly10.I thi nk everyth ing goes on well.A. So I doB. I do soC. So do ID. So is I()11. If you want to watch TV, you may turn_ .A. dow nB. it

30、onC. on itD. it off()12. Im sorry I havent got any money. Ive_ my handbag at home.A. missedB. leftC. putD. forgotte n()13. He is liste ning to the music_ she is wash ing clothes.A. afterB. beforeC. thatD. while()14. It takes_time to go to Beiji ng by pla ne tha n by train.A. moreB. fewerC. Ion gerD.

31、 less()15.Excuse me. Have you got an eraser?Sorry, I havent. Why_ you ask Mary? Perhaps shes got one.A. doB. dontC. didD. didnt二.選擇恰當?shù)拇鹫Z。_ 1. What were you doing when the UFO Ianded?A. Your teacher won t let youin.2. Will people use paperB.He said I couldn t stayout實用標準文案大全late.money in the future?3

32、. I cant sleep, what should I do?C. I wasdoi ngmyhomework.4. If I wear jea ns to school,D. No, theywont.Every onewhat will happe n?will have a credit card5. What did your father say?E.You should liste n to somerelaxi ng music.三.根據(jù)漢語提示填空：1.不知道該怎么辦，你能給我點建議嗎？I don t know_ to do, can you give me some_?2

33、.外星人正在買紀念品的時候，我給警察打了個電話。While the alie n was_ a souve nir, I_ the police.3.我放學回家的路上，看見一只貓從窗戶里跑了出來。On my way home from school, I saw a cat get_ a win dow.4.我不想在電話里跟你談?wù)撨@件事情。I dont want to talk_ it with you_ the phone.5.我們要在周五晚上為約翰舉辦一個驚喜的晚會。We are going to have a_ party for Joh n_ Friday eve ning.四.完形填

34、空：把下面五個句子放在文章中的恰當位置，使文章完整。Three menwent up in a balloon（氣球）.They started early in London. The headman was Ted, and theother two men were Davy and Emilio. 1 Soon they heard the sea. They were carrying the usual rope（繩子），and it was hanging down from the basket of the ballo on. At the end of the rope t

35、hey had tied a metalbox. This could hold water, or it could be empty. So 2 . It was for use over the sea. They were also carrying some bags of sand.After the sun rose, the ballo on went higher. It went up to 3,000 metres, and3 . The water in the balloon became ice. Snow fell past the men s basket, a

36、nd they could see more snowon the gro und. 4 , but it was hard. They tried to break the icy sand with their kni ves, but it was not easy.The work was slow and they were still falli ng, so they had to drop some whole bags of sand. One ofthem fell on an icy lake and made a black hole in the ice.At las

37、t they pulled the box into the basket. It was still snowing; so 5 ._They rose to 5,100 metres! Everything became icy. They were so cold that they decided to land. Theycame dow n in Pola nd heavily but safely. They had travelled 1,797 kilometres from London!A. The men tried to throw out some more san

38、dB. they were able to cha nge its weight（重量）C. They had a big ballo on and they were ready for a long way.D. they climbed to get away from the snowE. the air there was very cold五閱讀理解實用標準文案大全(A)Ein stein Was Waiti ng for His Frie ndOnce Ein ste in was wait ing for one of his friends on a bridge. He w

39、as thinking a oblem. While he waswait in g, it bega n to rain. The rain kept on for some time. When Ein ste in took out a piece of paper fromhis pocket to write someth ing dow n, the paper was wet and then he knew that it was raining. Hisclothes had become wet. But after he put the paper into his po

40、cket, he forgot he was sta nding in the rainaga in.Many scientistsare not careful with their lives. This is becausethey are toocareful with their studies.1. What did Ei nstein do? He was_.A. a doctorB. a teacherC. a scie ntist2. Why was Ein ste in on a bridge.A. Because he was writing something on t

41、he bridge.B. Because he was wait ing for a friend.C. Because he was thinking.3.It rai ned_.A. sometimesB. for some timeC. for a long time4.Ein ste in_and bega n to write someth ing on it.A. bought a piece of paper.B. took a piece of paper from his car.C. took out a piece of paper from his pocket.5.

42、Which is true?A. Ei nstein was careful with his work.B. Ein stein was careful with his clothes.C. Ein ste in was careful with his frien ds.(B)生活中總會有許多意外事故發(fā)生，懂得急救或自救是非常重要的。請閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)15小題所描述的救護方法，從A-G七幅圖中找出與題意相應(yīng)的圖畫(本題共有七幅圖，你只能選五幅圖，多選不給分。)1.If the person has stopped breathing, you must try to start his

43、 / her breathing at once. The best thingis to use the mouth-to-mouth way. Lay the pers on on his /her back and breathe into his / her mouth.2.If the person is bleed ing(流血)badly, you must try to stop the bleed ing.Press on the bleeding point with a piece of clean cloth and hold up the part of the body which is bleeding.3.If you are bitten(cut by teeth)by an