（整理版高中英語）情態(tài)動詞和虛擬語氣

1、1. 情態(tài)動詞和虛擬語氣2. tom, you _ leave all your clothes on the floor like this!a. wouldnt b. mustnt c. neednt d. may not3. it is a good example of a site that many people think _ to change.a. need b. to need c. needs d. needing4. i _ you would come today. you _ me a phone call in advance.a. dont expect; sh

2、ould have givenb. didnt expect; could have givenc. hadnt expected; ought to gived. didnt expect; can have given5. could i borrow your dictionary?-yes, of course you _.a. could b. willc. can d. might6. if i hadnt stood under the ladder to catch you when you fell, you _ now.a. wouldnt be smiling b. co

3、uldnt have smiled c. wont smile d. didnt smile7. why _ you always interrupt me?a. must b. may c. can d. will8. he _ without saying good-bye to them, for he always has good manners.a. mustnt have left b. may not leave c. shouldnt have left d. cant have left9. dont forget to take the message to my tea

4、cher._.a. yes, i will b. no, i wont c. i dont think so d. sorry, i dont10. the poor boy _ the test again; in that case, his mother will be very disappointed.a. must have failed b. might fail c. could have failed d. should fail11. write to me when you get home. _.a. i must b. i should c. i will d. i

5、can12. oh, im not feeling well in the stomach. i _ so much fried chicken just now.a. shouldnt eat b. mustnt have eaten c. shouldnt have eaten d. mustnt eat13. i have lost one of my gloves. i _ it somewhere.a. must drop b. must have droppedc. must be dropping d. must have been dropped14. the world wi

6、de web is sometimes jokingly called the world wide wait because it _ be very slow.a. should b. must c. will d. can15. this cake is very sweet. you _ a lot of sugar in it.a. should put b. could have put c. might put d. must have put16. if you listen to me, you _have some candies, tommy.a. are able to

7、 b. shall c. must d. need17. in the summer vacation we_ often take a walk along the river.a might b could c would d should18. -what will you do during winter vacation?-i dont know, but its about time _ something.a im deciding b ill decide c id decided d i decided19. ive tried several times, but the

8、car just _.a. doesnt start b. wouldnt start c. wont start d. didnt start20. sorry im late. i _ have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.a. might b. should c. can d. will21. we need a person badly to think up such an idea._ the new comer have a try?a. shall b. may c. should d. nee

9、d22. is there any flight to tokyo today? i think there _, for the weather is too bad.a. mustnt be b. mightnt be c. neednt be d. cant be23. is there a fog in the evening?there _ be. ill make a phone call to find it out.a. must b. would c. will d. might24. i hear you have written a novel.yes, the book

10、 _ be out in a month or so.a. can b. dare c. should d. need25. why didnt you attend the lecture yesterday?i didnt think that we _ on sundays.a. should b. ought to have c. shouldnt have d. will have to26. he _ shanghai, for i saw him talking with the headmaster a moment ago.a. must have gone tob. can

11、t have gone toc. mustnt have been tod. cant have been to27. she is too slow. she _ pass the test, but she _ too little.a. would; knew b. will; knows c. would; knows d. will; knew28. -what do you think of it?-i think it is a thing of importance that it _ done soon.a. is b. is to be c. be d. to be29.

12、mr. bush is on time for everything. how _ it be that he was late for the opening ceremony?a. can b. should c. may d. must30. you _ pay your library fines. if not, you _ not be allowed to graduate.a. may; should b. should; need c. must; will d. will; can31. the pilot kept calm in the terrible storm,

13、otherwise the accident _.a. couldnt be preventedb. mustnt have preventedc. wouldnt have been preventedd. shouldnt prevent32. my aunt _ here by now, for she took the early bus.a. must arrive b. can arrive c. may arrive d. ought to have arrived33. you _ phone him if you want to, but you _! he will sur

14、ely phone you.a. may; mustnt b. have to; neednt c. can; neednt d. can; doesnt need34. is john coming by train? he should, but he _ not. he likes driving his car.a. must b. can c. need d. may35. i _ have been more than six years old when the accident happened.a. shouldnt b. couldnt c. mustnt d. needn

15、t36. we _ last night, but we went to the concert instead.a must have studied b might studyc should have studied d would study37. janes pale face suggested that she _ ill, and her parents suggested that she _ a medical examination.a be; should have b was; have c should be; had d was; has38. havent i

16、told you that you _ have the answer tomorrow morning?a. will b. shall c. should d. would39. i went to work on foot yesterday, though it _ cats and dogs.you _ by bus. it was likely to get a cold.a. is raining; must have goneb. rained; would goc. was mining; should have goned. have rained; could have

17、gone40. mum, i climbed to get the teddy bear from the top of the shelf.my goodness! you _ yourself. you _ do that next time.a. must have hurt; mustntb. should have hurt; cantc. may have hurt; mustntd. might have hurt; wont be able to41. look, johns fallen asleep. oh, he _ too late last night.a. migh

18、t sit up b. should have sat up c. could sit up d. must have sat up42. why hasnt the speaker turned up?he _ the flight. ill find it out at once.a. must have missedb. might have missedc. would have missedd. could have missed43. the biggest problem for most plants, which _ just get up and run away when

19、 threatened, is that animals like to eat them.a. shant b. cant c. neednt d. mustnt44. my mp4 player isnt in my bag. where i have put it?a. canb. mustc. shouldd. would45. why am i so slow at doing the cloze test?i guess you didnt realize the use _ the contexts.a. you should have made ofb. you must ha

20、ve made fromc. of which you could have fromd. out of which you need make46. may i speak to the patient now?no, you _. he is too weak now.a. neednt b. may notc. mustnt d. oughtnt47. you know that you were driving at 100 kilometers per hour, dont you?no, officer, i _ have been. this car cant do more t

21、han 80.a. mustnt b. shouldntc. may not d. couldnt48. i didnt see her yesterday.of course, you _, because she had gone to a trip.a. cant b. may not have c. cant have d. mustnt have49. the boy stood there without _ a word.a. dare to say b. daring to say c. dared to say d. dare say50. his homework_, bu

22、t it _.a. needs correcting; neednt rewritingb. need be corrected; doesnt need to be rewritingc. needs correcting; neednt be rewrittend. needs to be corrected; neednt to be rewritten51. - why is jenny still standing there? its so cold.she _ for someone.a. can wait b. might have waited c. must be wait

23、ing d. should have waited52. he hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he _ a goal.a. had scored b. scored c. would score d. would have scored53. naturally, after i told her what to do, my daughter _ go and do the opposite!a. may b. can c. must d. should54. if i _ plan to do anyth

24、ing i wanted to. id like to go to tibet and travel through as much of it as possible.a. would b. could c. had to d. ought to55. -is there any flight to new york today?-i think there _ be, for the weather is too bad.a mustnt b may not c shouldnt d cant參考答案與解析1. c本句是一個主從復(fù)合句，主句含有情態(tài)動詞can，動作go還未發(fā)生，屬于將來時；

25、因此，when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句要用現(xiàn)在時；當go動作發(fā)生時，finish動作已經(jīng)完成了，應(yīng)選 c。當然，空格出還可以用finish。如：she will go to bed when she has done/ finishes her homework.you can go to play football if you have finished your work.2. c此題考查need的用法，還要理清句子結(jié)構(gòu)。that前是個主句，that引導(dǎo)的是個定語從句，其先行詞是a site，定語從句中謂語動詞應(yīng)該用單數(shù)needs，many people think是插入語，空格處是謂語局部。

26、插入語經(jīng)常被出題人放在題目中，使句子復(fù)雜化，增加句子的難度，做題時可以把插入語去掉，便于理解句子結(jié)構(gòu)。need既可用作情態(tài)動詞也可用作行為動詞，主要用法如下：作情態(tài)動詞時表示“需要；必須，后面當然跟動詞原形，僅用于否認句或疑問句中，否認式是neednt，在肯定句中一般用must, have to, ought to或should代替，如：you neednt buy the book.need i finish the work today? yes, you must. 作行為動詞時，有時態(tài)、人稱和數(shù)的變化，后面跟to do，否認形式要用dont/doesnt/didnt need，如：he

27、 needs to finish it this evening. need用作行為動詞時，后面還可以跟動名詞或名詞，此時含義跟need后面用不定式的含義不一樣。“need +動名詞含有被動意義，類似這樣的用法還有有want, require，如：our classroom needs cleaning. = our classroom needs to be cleaned. 既可用作情態(tài)動詞也可用作行為動詞的還有dare。3. b考查情態(tài)動詞時態(tài)。 題干意思是“我沒料到你今天會來。你該事先打 來，表示“本沒料到用過去時，后面用情態(tài)動詞+完成時表示對過去的虛擬，本來可以做某事而實際上沒有做。

28、情態(tài)動詞+進行時表示目前正在進行的動作或狀態(tài)。4. c此題中的could也表示請求而非表示過去時，語氣委婉，主要用于疑問句，不可用于肯定句，答語應(yīng)該用can即could不能用于現(xiàn)在時態(tài)的簡略答語中，如：could i come to see you tomorrow morning?yes, you can. 否認答語用no, im afraid not.5. a前半句是虛擬語氣，“要不是我站在梯子下面接住你，你現(xiàn)在不會站在這里笑了，表示的是現(xiàn)在的情況，用進行時。6. a情態(tài)動詞must可以表示“偏偏的意思，是一種無可奈何的語氣，句子意思是“你為何偏要打斷我呢？7. d8. b根據(jù)一般邏輯，答

29、語應(yīng)該是“不，我不會的，wont表示主觀的意愿、意志。9. b從后文的將來時可以斷定考試的結(jié)果還不確定，只是在進行推測，故排除a、c，d的語氣不對，只有might表示語氣不確定的“可能，符合題意。10. c容許某人的要求，要用i will 來表示“一定或“我決心做某事。11. cjust now是表示過去的時間狀語。情態(tài)動詞在表示過去發(fā)生的事時，必須用“情態(tài)動詞+have+過去分詞的形式。所以只能在選項b或c中確定 答案。mustnt have eaten是一個錯誤選項，因為mustnt+動詞表示“禁止，不表示判斷或推測。這句話的意思是：. 噢，我覺得胃不舒服。我剛剛不應(yīng)該吃那么多炸雞。12.

30、 b由題干而知不用被動，排除選項d；題干說“已經(jīng)丟了，排除選項c；選項a“情態(tài)動詞+動詞原形，表示對現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼氖虑橥茰y；選項b“情態(tài)動詞+動詞的完成時表示的是對過去或已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情的推測判斷，所以選b。17. b此題考查情態(tài)動詞。mustnt這里表示“不允許，禁止，此句中相當于cant . shant . 句意：湯姆，你不可以表禁止把衣服這樣丟在地板上。13. cmay也許，口氣不肯定，另外后句的she isnt quite sure yet.已給出暗示。shall用在陳述句中與第二. 三人稱連用表示允諾，命令等。must:必須can:能夠，也可表“推測但常用于否認句。14. d情態(tài)動詞十h

31、ave done，可表示過去沒有實現(xiàn)的可能性，意為"本來可以(可能)"。 "我本來應(yīng)該請他嗎？"是由should+have done構(gòu)成的虛擬條件。15. c情態(tài)動詞十have done，可表示猜想,這種句子結(jié)構(gòu)的反意疑問句應(yīng)該與情態(tài)動詞無關(guān)，而與后面的完成結(jié)構(gòu)一致，如果有過去的時間狀語，那么用一般過去時反意疑問。如：you must have lived there last year, didnt you?16. c如選a ,只表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反，而主句中would have run 表示與過去事實相反，應(yīng)該用if i had had time,表示

32、。如果從句中含有系動詞、情態(tài)動詞或助詞時，可省略if把從句中的were，had或should提到其主語前形成倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。17. d當insist作"堅持說"講，即堅持事實是怎樣時，后邊that從句不用虛擬語氣insist作"堅持要求"講，that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中用虛擬語氣。18. bused to和would都有“過去常常之意，但used to有今昔比照之意，現(xiàn)在再也不這樣了。而would無此用法。19. d因?qū)υ捠菍^去事情的推測，所以不能選擇a和b。從上句意義可知：已坐了5個人的小車里再擠一個人一定不是舒服的旅行。答案為d。20. c “我們本不該覺得

33、這么累，我們只是參加了個聚會嘛。have been to是已發(fā)生的事實，“本不該也是已經(jīng)存在的狀況。shouldnt have felt是對已存在的情況的虛擬。shouldnt“(照常理)本不應(yīng)該。21. c對過去發(fā)生的事情的否認推測。句意：有人告訴我john今天上午又出車禍了。我不相信。他不可能那么粗心的。couldnt have done意為“不可能做了。22. da、b項因為第二空有并列連詞，排除，c項第一空意思不對，排除；d項第一空表示“將來的時間，第二空表示“轉(zhuǎn)折的含義。通順。23. c根據(jù)語境，是對過去了的事情表示感謝。情態(tài)動詞 + have done，表示過去。would意為“會

34、，將。24. c首先排除b、d，b表示一種委婉，此時沒必要，d項must語氣不對。shall表單純的將來，而will更好，表示我們將來愿意去。25. dcant have done表示對過去的行為動作的否認，從上文來看“根據(jù)我所了解的情況，他們不可能這個假期很快樂，a項表示“可能已經(jīng)，該已，b項表示“過去該做而未做，c項表示“本來不需做而實際上做了。26. cshouldnt have come意為“本不應(yīng)該來 ，暗含 “她來過了 的意思，與題意不符；neednt have to come中need為情態(tài)動詞，傾向于主觀上的“必要，與題中給出條件“we had changed our plan

35、不符；didnt need to come中的need to do表示“(有責任、有義務(wù))做某事，符合題意。27. dcancould not +have done用于疑問句或否認句時，表示對過去情況的推測.表示不可能作過某事。28. a考查情態(tài)動詞表達推測。can通常用于否認或疑問句中表示推測，表示可能性。這句話的意思是“布什先生一直按時做好所有的事，他怎么可能開幕式遲到呢？。用于否認句表示“不可能，此時要與may not“可能不的含義注意區(qū)分，如：she may not tell lies. 她可能沒撒謊。he cant have been to your home. he doesnt

36、know your address. 他不可能去過你家，他都不知道你們家的地址。can用在肯定句中也有表示推測的意義，但表示理論上存在的可能性，翻譯成“有時可能但很少發(fā)生，如：even experienced teachers can make mistakes.29. c第一空可以用should或must，表示根據(jù)規(guī)定“應(yīng)該；必須，第二格只能用will，表示對目前或?qū)砬闆r的推測。30. c根據(jù)句意“幸虧飛行員保持鎮(zhèn)靜，要不然這場事故是不會防止的，對過去的推測。31. dought to除了可以跟should一樣表示“應(yīng)該之外，還可以表示推測，“照理應(yīng)該，而must表示相當肯定的語氣，“一定

37、；必定，此題還著重考查正確使用時態(tài)，表示到目前應(yīng)該已經(jīng)發(fā)生用ought to +完成時態(tài)。32. c表示“你可以用you may或you can都正確，b項肯定不對，關(guān)鍵還是need的用法，根據(jù)下文he will surely phone you soon，可知“你沒必要，因此排除a，mustnt“不許；禁止，語氣不對，d錯在主謂搭配不一致。33. d先確定問句為將來時態(tài)，因為像come, go, leave, start等等這類趨向動詞的進行時表示將來時。這是至關(guān)重要的，因為答語是就一將來的動作作出判斷的。先排除a項，must not譯為“不準，與 文意不合；再排除b項，至少cannot不可

38、分開寫；最后排除c項， need not譯為“不必，與文意相左；只有選d項，譯為“可能不，不一定，正好與后文的he likes driving his car相吻合，故應(yīng)選d項。34. cshould按道理應(yīng)該；句意：既然你在駕校時做了大量練習，那么通過這次考試理不應(yīng)該有困難。35. d"they would have bought that house"給我們的信息"在那時"。 d項為陳述語氣，陳述當時沒有錢這一事實。c應(yīng)該表達成與過去事實相反的虛擬句if they had had enough money.36. bwish后that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中用虛擬語氣。表示與過去事實相反用hadnt left。37. bshould意為“竟然。should have done意為“竟然做了某事。句意：我很驚訝，他竟然比賽輸了。38. cshould have done意為“本該干某事