大學(xué)英語(yǔ)精讀第二冊(cè)-Unit2

1、2021/8/61Be short of= not having enough of 缺少，缺乏；距離，還差e.g.vWe didnt buy anything because we were short of money.v(因?yàn)槭诸^緊，我們什么也沒(méi)買(mǎi)。)v2. They said that the company was short of men.v(他們說(shuō)這個(gè)公司缺少人手。 )v3. The car broke down when we were still five miles short of our destination.v(當(dāng)我們離目的地還有5英里時(shí)，車(chē)壞了。 )2021/8/

2、62Smell of= have/give out the smell of有的氣味，散發(fā)的氣味；聞起來(lái)象ve.g.v1. You must have drunk somewhere. Your breath smells of wine.v(你肯定在哪里喝過(guò)酒，你呼出的有酒味。)v2. My hands smell of fish.v(我手上有魚(yú)腥味。)v另外，have a smell of 有的意味2021/8/63Judging by= forming an opinion based on 從來(lái)判斷(用于說(shuō)出某事或考慮某事的原因)ve.g.v1. Judging by the look

3、 on his face, I would say he passed!v(從他臉上的表情看，我敢說(shuō)他及格了。)2021/8/64attach importance to= consider important, pay a lot attention to 重視ve.g.vChinese government attaches much importance to economic development of rural areas.v(中國(guó)政府相當(dāng)重視農(nóng)村地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。)2021/8/65in common= shared with someone else 共有的，共同的havein

4、 common，意為“與有共同之處”，共享。e.g.1. The twins have a lot in common.(這對(duì)雙胞胎有許多共同之處。)2. I havent a thing in common with my father.(我與我父親沒(méi)有任何共同點(diǎn)。)have與 in common搭配，之間可以加表示程度的詞，以指明共同點(diǎn)的多少：have little in common 沒(méi)有什么共同之處；have sth. In common有共同之處；have nothing in common 毫無(wú)共同之處2021/8/66consist of.= be made up of由構(gòu)成，由

5、組成；包含ve.g.v1. A university consists of teachers, administrators and students.v(大學(xué)由教師、行政人員和學(xué)生組成。)v2. This porridge consists of tomatoes, meat and peas.v(這粥是用番茄、肉和豌豆做的。)v注意: 該詞組與make up不同，它不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)2021/8/67in turn= one after another 輪流，依次ve.g.v1. They answered the teachers questions in turn. v(他們輪流回答老

6、師的問(wèn)題。)v2. I shall hear you all in turn.v(我一個(gè)個(gè)地聽(tīng)你們說(shuō)。)2021/8/68That was the last straw= This was really too much to bear any longer 這真叫人無(wú)法忍受下去了。v注：the last straw= the difficulty, trouble, etc. that makes the total unbearable when it is added to ones present difficulties or troubles (from the story in

7、which the last straw broke the laden camels back)v(在現(xiàn)有苦難之外增加的)叫人再也無(wú)法忍受的困難或苦難等(源于“最后一根稻草壓斷了駱駝背”的故事)2021/8/69Before 的用法和意義v1. before和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can/could連用,表示“才”, “還沒(méi)有來(lái)得及就”; before從句雖為肯定形式, 根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)表達(dá)習(xí)慣可譯為否定形式.把before從句理解為“還沒(méi)來(lái)得及做某事, 主句的動(dòng)作就發(fā)生了. e.g. She became angry before I could explain to her.v(我還沒(méi)來(lái)得及向她解釋她就生氣了

8、.) He asked a second question before I could answer the first question.v(我還沒(méi)來(lái)得及回答第一個(gè)問(wèn)題, 他又問(wèn)了一個(gè)問(wèn)題.) The fire lasted about four hours before the fire fighters could control it. (大火持續(xù)了大約四個(gè)小時(shí), 消防人員才得以控制.)2021/8/6102. 主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生在前, 從句動(dòng)作發(fā)生在后, 這時(shí)before譯為“然后”, “后才”. e.g.v Look before you leap.v三思而后行.(先看然后再行動(dòng).)v

9、 It will be a long time before we finish the task.v(我們還需要很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間才能完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù).)2021/8/6113. 主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是否定形式時(shí), before就譯為 “就”,“便”; e.g. v It was not long before he learned to use the computer.v(不久他就學(xué)會(huì)使用計(jì)算機(jī)了.)v I had not waited long before he phoned me.v(我沒(méi)等多久他就給我來(lái)電話(huà)了.)2021/8/6124. 主句含有hardly, scarcely等半否定副詞時(shí)befo

10、re可譯為 “剛就”, 這時(shí)主句的時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài), 從句用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài). Before也可用when, 其意思不變. e.g.v We had scarcely reached school before the bell rang.v(我們剛一到學(xué)校鈴就響了.)v I had hardly fallen asleep when he woke me up.v(我剛一睡著, 他就把我叫醒了.)2021/8/6135. Before的主句含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞will 和would時(shí), 譯為 “寧愿也不”. e.g.v I will die before give in.v(我寧死也不屈服.)v He

11、would shoot himself before he told the secret.v(他寧愿死也不愿意說(shuō)出那個(gè)秘密.)2021/8/614Ex. 15 Translate the following sentences into English.v1. 她在當(dāng)?shù)匾患毅y行里找到一份當(dāng)出納員的工作, 但不久因不稱(chēng)職而被解雇了.vShe found a job as a cashier in a local bank and soon she was fired because she proved to be incompetent.2021/8/6152. 很顯是他的年輕助手在經(jīng)營(yíng)這家

12、書(shū)店.vIt is obviously/clearly that his young assistant manages the book store.2021/8/6163. 這項(xiàng)建議在會(huì)上一宣布,她就站起來(lái)提出異議.She got to her feet to protest against this proposal as soon as it was announced at the meeting.2021/8/6174. 比爾已向哈佛大學(xué)申請(qǐng)助教職位,但他得到它的可能性很小.vBill has applied to Harvard University for a teaching

13、 assistantship, but his chances of getting it are small/slim. 2021/8/6185. 由于缺乏資金,他們正在想辦法吸引外資.vBeing short of funds, they are trying to attract foreign capital.2021/8/6196. 這個(gè)房間有股霉味, 一定是好久沒(méi)住人了.vThis room smelled of stale air, it must have been vacant for a long time.2021/8/6207. 就業(yè)余愛(ài)好而言, 珍妮和她妹妹幾乎沒(méi)有什么共同之處.vAs for hobbies/ As far as hobbies are co