Unit 3Travel journal

1、Unit 3 Travel Journal【自主學習】1、 單詞速記1. (n.&vt.) 運送；運輸2. (vt.) 說服；勸說3. （n.） 時間表；進度表 （vt.） 為某事安排時間4. （adj.） 頑固的；固執(zhí)的5. （n.） 旅行；旅程6. （n.） 彎；拐角 （vi.） 彎身；彎腰 （vt.） 使彎曲7. （n.） 態(tài)度；看法8. （n.&vt.） 預測；預報9. （n.） 風景；視野；觀點；見解 （vt.） 觀看；注視；考慮10. （prep.） 在.下面 11. （vt.） 更喜歡；選擇某事物（而不選擇其他事物） preference偏愛；愛好12. （n.）

2、 不利條件；不便之處 advantage(反義詞）有利條件； 優(yōu)勢13. （vi.） 畢業(yè)；（n.）大學畢業(yè)生 graduation(n.)14. （vt.） 組織；成立,organizer(n.)組織者 ,organization（n.）組織 , organized(adj.)有組織的15. （vt.） 決定；確定；下定決心 determined(adj.)堅決的；有 決心的 determination(n.)決心16. （adj.） 可信賴的；可靠地 rely(vi.)依靠；依賴2、 短語回顧1. 從那以后2. 關心；憂慮；惦念3. 下決心；決定4. 照常5. 喜愛；喜歡6. 改變主意7.

3、 投降；屈服；讓步8. 在午夜9. 畢業(yè)于10. 使某人對.感興趣3、 句式填空1. ever since 與現在完成時連用 （自從）middle school,my sister Wang Wei and I (夢想)taking a great bike trip.2. It is /was +被強調部分+that /who 其余部分 （是我的姐姐）first had the idea to cycle around along the entire Mekong River from where it begins to where it ends.3. insist +that 從句從

4、句中謂語動詞用（should+）動詞原形Although she did't know the best way of getting to places,she (堅決要求自己組織)the trip properly.4. 主語+be +adj.+動詞不定式的主動形式（表示被動）When I told her the air (會難以呼吸) and it would be very cold, she said it would be an interesting experience.5. "No matter +疑問詞"引導讓步狀語從句A determined

5、 person always tries to finish the job, (無論多難).【知識點撥】單詞精講：一、PreferV. 1.Prefer doing sth.; 2. Prefer to do sth.; 3.Prefer sb. to do sth. 5. Prefer to do A rather than do B 5. Prefer doing A to doing B 6 .Prefer A to B Would rather do A than do B; Would do A rather than do B n. preference: have a pref

6、erence for; give preference to 給優(yōu)惠二、DisadvantageAdvantage: take advantage of優(yōu)點&缺點Merits & demerits, pros & cons; virtues & defects; benefits & shortcomings三、PersuadePersuade sb. to do sth. = persuade/talk sb into doing sth.Persuade sb. not to do sth. = persuade/talk sb. out of do

7、ing sth.try to persuade sb. to do sth. = advise sb to do sth.四、Graduate: v. graduate from; n. 畢業(yè)生n. graduation 畢業(yè)五、Schedule: n. ahead of schedule; behind schedule; according to the schedule; have a busy schedulev. be scheduled for sth.; be scheduled to do sth. 安排做某事六、Organize: n. organization七、Deter

8、minev. Determine to do sth. Determine sb. to do sth. Be determined to do Determine on/upon sth. 決定adj. determined n. determination決定做某事：decide to do; make up ones mind to do; make a determination to do; make a decisions to do8、 Attitude: VS. Altitude Altitude: n.高度；海拔；高地 用作名詞 (n.) We are flying at a

9、n altitude of 20000 feet. 我們的飛行高度是20000英尺。 Air pressure decreases with altitude. 氣壓隨海拔高度的增加而下降。 Attitude:n.態(tài)度；看法；姿勢 We must maintain a firm attitude. 我們必須采取堅定的態(tài)度。 She shows a very positive attitude to her work. 她工作態(tài)度非常積極。九、Reliablev. rely on: depend on十、prefervt.寧愿；(to like better)更喜歡；選擇某事物(而不選擇其他事物

10、) a.prefer doing sth.寧愿做某事prefer to do sth. 寧愿做某事prefer sb. to do sth. 寧愿某人做某事prefer sth./doing to sth./doing喜歡(做)而不喜歡(做)prefer to do rather than do(would do rather than dowould rather dothan do)寧愿做而不愿做b.preference n. 喜愛，偏愛have a preference for 偏愛，喜愛give preference to 給以優(yōu)惠；優(yōu)待 溫馨提示; prefer本身表示“更喜歡”，不

11、能與比較級連用。在prefer to結構中，to后接動詞原形，而在preferto中的to為介詞，后面只能接名詞、代詞或動名詞。十一、persuadevt.說服；勸說，勸服； 使信服； 使相信 persuade sb. to do sth.persuade/talk sb. into doing sth. 說服某人做某事 persuade sb. not to do sth.persuade/talk sb. Out ofdoing sth. 說服某人不做某事 try to persuade sb. to do sth.advise sb. to do sth. 盡力勸說某人做某事溫馨提示；p

12、ersuade “成功說服”，強調勸服的結果。如果要表示“說而不服”，則要用advise/try to persuade sb. to do sth.。十四、graduate vi.畢業(yè) n(可數)大學畢業(yè)生 graduate from 畢業(yè)于(大學) graduation n. 畢業(yè)；獲得學位 溫馨提示： 畢業(yè)于哪所大學通常用介詞from；若說畢業(yè)于某專業(yè)，通常用介詞in。十五、schedulen(an ordered list of times at which things are planned to occur)時間表；(a temporally organized plan for

13、 matters to be attended to)進度表 vt.(to make a schedule; to plan the time and place for events)為某事安排時間 1.ahead of schedule(ahead of time) (進度上)提前 on schedule(on time) 準時behind schedule(behind time) 落后have a tight/busy schedule 工作日程緊，工作非常忙碌according to schedule 按照預定計劃2.be scheduled for sth. 安排某事be sche

14、duled to do sth. 安排做某事十六、determinevt.決定；(to reach, make, or come to a decision about something)確定；下定決心1.determine on/upon決定determine sb. to do sth. 使某人決定做某事determine to do/be determined to do sth. 決心做某事determine疑問詞to do 決心2.determined adj. 堅決的，有決心的3.determination n. 決心，果斷 溫馨提示 be determined (not) to

15、 do sth. 表示狀態(tài)，可以與表示一段時間的狀語連用；而determine to do sth. 表示動作，不 能與表示時間段的狀語連用。如： He determined to do it for a long time.(×) He was determined to do it for a long time.()短語儲存一、care about 關心；憂慮；惦念care for 喜歡；關心；照顧take care 小心；當心with care 小心 under the care of 在的照料下溫馨提示：care about只表示認為某事重要并產生興趣或憂慮，常用于疑問句和

16、否定句中，后接wh或if從句時about要省略。二、change one's mind改變主意1.make up one's mind (to do sth.)決定，下決心(去做某事) keep/bear in mind 記住call/bring to mind 回憶起havein mind 考慮，打算read one's mind 看出/讀懂某人的心思 Never mind 沒關系，不要緊2.Do/Would you mind？倘若你不介意吧？/請你好嗎？ 溫馨提示: 在change one's mind中，mind是可數名詞，有單復數形式的變化。三、give

17、 in投降；屈服；讓步；交上(試卷等)give in to sb.對某人讓步give out 分發(fā)；發(fā)出(熱、光等)；耗盡；公布，宣布give off 發(fā)出，放出(氣味、熱、光等)give back 歸還； 送回；恢復give away 贈送，捐贈；分發(fā)(獎品等)；泄露(秘密等)give way to 讓路give up (doing) sth. 放棄；停止(做某事) 溫馨提示：1.give in“屈服，呈交”。當“屈服”講時，如果接賓語，后面常接介詞to, 表示“向某人屈服或交給某人”。2.give up“放棄”，既可作不及物動詞短語，也可作及物動詞短語。用作及物動詞短語時，后面常跟名詞或動

18、詞的 ing形式，表示“放棄(做)某事”。句型透視1、 Although she didnt know the best way of getting to places，she insisted that she organize the trip properly. 盡管她對某些地方的最佳路線并不清楚，她卻堅持要把這次旅游安排得盡善盡美。句型公式 ： insist that主語(should) do “堅持” 句式點撥：1.insist后跟that引導的賓語從句時，謂語動詞要用“should動詞原形”，should可以省略。意思是“堅決要求，堅決主張”。I insisted that we

19、 (should) tell this to her.我堅持要求我們該把這事告訴她。He insisted that we (should) leave for Shanghai at once.他堅持讓我們馬上動身去上海。2.insist若表示“堅持認為，堅持說”的意思時，賓語從句多用陳述語氣。He insisted that he had never stolen anything.他堅持說他從來沒有偷過任何東西。二、We can hardly wait to see them! 我迫不及待地想見到他們！ 句型公式： 主語can't (can hardly) wait to do

20、sth.意思是“迫不及待地做某事”，往往用來表達一種急不可待的心情。 相關拓展：wait for sb. to do sth.等某人做某事wait to do sth.等著做某事(與can't/can hardly wait to do sth.含義不同)Dodge is waiting to have a word with you. 道奇正等著要跟你說話。I'm waiting to use that machine.我正等著用那臺機器。三、Ever since middle school, my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed abo

21、ut taking a great bike trip.完成時+ever sinceIt is/has been + 一段時間 + since + 從句: 自從有多長時間了。備注：since后跟的是一個時間點，當從句的動詞是非延續(xù)性動詞時，表示從這個動作開始計時；若是延續(xù)性動詞或狀態(tài)時；從這個動作或狀態(tài)結束的時間算起。Eg.1.It is/has been 3 years since I joined the army. 我當兵已經三年了。2.It has been 3 years since he smoked. 他不吸煙已經三年了。注意：在這種結構中，since引導的從句絕對不能用否定式的

22、謂語動詞來表示否定意義，試比較：他好久沒學漢 語了。 誤：It is a long time since be didnt study Chinese. 正：Its a long time since he studied Chinese. (studied為持續(xù)性動詞， 應從其動作結束時算起) 拓展：他已經死了三年了。誤：He has died for three years.正：He has been dead for three years.正：He died three years ago.正：It is three years since he died.正：Three years

23、has passed since he died.句中的die為非延續(xù)性動詞，不能與表示"段時間"的狀語連用。那么，應如何正確表達呢？可以采用下面的四 種方法：(1)將句中非延續(xù)性動詞轉換為相應的延續(xù)性動詞，如上面兩例中的第一種正確表達方式。下面列舉幾例：leavebeen away, borrowkeep, buyhave, begin/startbe on, diebe dead, move tolive in, finishbe over, joinbe in/be a member of, open sth.keep sth. open, fall illbe il

24、l, get upbe up, catch a coldhave a cold。(2)將句中表示"段時間"的狀改為表示過去確定時間的狀語，如下面兩例中的第二種正確表達方式。(3)用句型"It is+段時間+since."表達原意，如上面兩例中的第三種正確表達方式。(4)用句型"時間+has passed+since."表達原意，如上面兩例中的第四種正確表達方式。四、insist on doing sh. insist that 現在進行時表將來用于這種結構的僅有一部分動詞; 如：go; arrive; come; leave; sta

25、rt; stay; return; play; do; have; work; wear; spend; see; meet等。Are you coming to the cinema? He is leaving for London in two hours.【課堂練習】一、單項填空1Not until the motorbike looked almost new _repairing and cleaning it.Ahe stoppedBdid he stop Cstopped heDhe did stop2The young lady prefers dressing up for

26、 a party to_ by others.Abe noticedBbeing noticedChaving been noticedDhave been noticed3He trusts you，so only you can_ him to give up that crazy idea.AtemptBPersuade Cadvise Dtry to persuade4With that calm and_ expression of hers，our anxiety almost disappeared into the air.AconfusingBDetermined Coppo

27、singDconfused5He thinks only of himself；he doesnt_ other people.Acare aboutBcare for Ccare ofDcare to6No matter what you do，you must _ your mind_ it.Aput；toBkeep；on Capply；onDput；into7What shall we use for power when all the oil in the world has_？Agiven outBput out Cheld upDused up8_ when has the co

28、untry been open to international trade?1978，I suppose.ASinceBIn CFromDAfter9Sam insisted that he_ the law and_.Adidnt break；mustnt be punishedBdoesnt break；shouldnt punishChadnt broken；be not punishedDhadnt broken；not be punished10What I need is _ book that contains _ ABC of oil painting.Aa；/Bthe；/

29、Cthe；anDa；the11Ive got a cough and my chest hurts. _.Let me examine you.ADont mindBYou should learn to protect yourselfCTake it easyDKeep calm.You will recover soon12Forests _ and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the future.AcutBare cutCare being cutDhad been cut13Le

30、ave your key with a neighbor _ you lock yourself out one day.Aever sinceBeven ifCsoon afterDin case14I saw no more than one motor car in that shop.Will you go and buy_？ No，Id rather buy_ in other shops.Aone；oneBit；oneCone；itDit；it15Look！Hes running so fast!Hard to_his legs were once broken.AknowBima

31、gineCrealizeDfind二、閱讀理解Scientists have created a way to control a robot with signals from human brain.By generating the proper brainwavespicked up by a cap with electrodes(電極) that sense the signals and reflect a persons instructionsscientists can instruct a humanoid(類人的) robot to move to specific l

32、ocations and pick up certain objects.The commands are limited to moving forward，picking up one of two objects and bringing it to one of two locations.The researchers have achieved 94 percent accuracy between the thought commands and the robots movements.“This is really a proof­of­concept d

33、emonstration，” said Rajesh Rao，a researcher from the University of Washington who leads the project.“It suggests that one day we might be able to use semi­autonomous robots for such jobs as helping disabled people or performing routine tasks in a persons home.”The person wearing the electrode c

34、ap watches the robots movements on a computer screen through two cameras installed on and above the robot.When the robots cameras see the objects that are to be picked up they pass on the information to the users computer screen.Each object lights up randomly on the computer screen.When a person wan

35、ts something picked up and it happens to light up，the brain registers surprise and sends this brain activity to the computer and then to the robot.The robot then proceeds to pick up the object.A similar algorithm(計算程序) is used to decide where the robot will go.“One of the important things about this

36、 demonstration is that were using a noisy brain signal to control the robot，” Rao said.“That means we can only obtain brain signals indirectly from sensors on the surface of the head，not where they are generated deep in the brain.As a result，the user can only generate high­level commands such a

37、s indicating which object to pick up or which location to go to，and the robot needs to be autonomous enough to be able to execute such commands.”In the future，the researchers hope to make the robots more adaptive to the environment by having them carry out more complex commands.1What is special abou

38、t the robot introduced in the passage?AIt is controlled by human thoughts.BIt can be made humanoid.CIt can be used to help the disabled.DIt has high intelligence itself.2Which of the following is TRUE about the robot?AIt can move forward and backward and pick up two objects at the same time.BIt can

39、move forward，pick up both objects and bring them to either location.CIt can only move forward，pick up one object and put it in one location.DIt can read all human thought demands and do as instructed.3What Rao said suggests that the new robot_.Ais still at its early stage of developmentBwill be wide

40、ly used in our daily routine soonCis autonomous enough to complete complex commandsDis only limited to doing routine work at home4The sixth paragraph mainly describes_.Ahow the robot reacts to a persons instructionsBhow the robot picks up the right objectCthe functions of the computerDhow the robot

41、finds out where to go5The underlined word “registers” in the passage can be best replaced by “_”AreceivesBshowsCwrites downDpicks up三、任務型讀寫The e­book is a downloadable book that can be put right onto your e­reader, certain cellphones and computers. There are websites that sell e­books

42、 where you can buy them and load them right onto whatever device you choose. The e­book makes it possible to take reading with you, without the mess of carrying dozens of books around with you.However, not all book authors are okay with having their books in digital format. The creator of Harry

43、 Potter says that her books will never be an e­book, and many just like her feel the same way. However, there are lots of authors who absolutely love the idea and feel its the next step to keep books alive.The e­book can be loaded onto an e­reader which is a mini­device that is s

44、lim and small just like a cellphone. It usually has a touch pad screen and can hold a few hundred books. Thats perfect news for people who travel on planes or go on holidays and would love to take a collection with them but wouldnt carry fifty hard covers.The other great thing about e­readers i

45、s that you can read e­books on them quickly and theres no need for two hands to hold the book and turn the page; it is more convenient for people to read it. Most of them also have a night light, so if you want to read at night but dont want a big light on to wake your partner, the e­reade

46、r is ideal.Websites that sell e­books have their sites looking just like ordinary book store websites. There is a list for best­sellers and a new release (發(fā)行) section. There is also clearance e­books on sale and gift certificates available to give to someone who also downloads e­

47、books. They seem to cost the same amount of money as buying a paperback book.TitleThe E­booksDefinitionof e­booksDownloadable books which can be put right onto e­readers,1._ and computers. Book authors2._towards e­booksSome 3._ to have their books in digital format.Others think t

48、hat the digital format can keep books 4._.5._of e­readersBe a slim and small mini­device.Usually have a touch pad screen.Be able to 6._ a few hundred books.Make readers read e­books quickly 7._ holding the book and turning the page；it is more 8._ for people to read them.Have a night l

49、ight to 9._ readers to read at night.Features ofe­book websitesOffer list of best­sellers and newly­released books.Offer gift certificates to the people 10._ e­books.達標測試 一、 單項選擇1. I have never dreamed of _such a beautiful place in the world. A. there is B. there to be C. there b

50、eing D. having 2. Sometimes customers cant help _ the things they dont really need. A. persuading to buy B. to be persuaded into buying C. being persuaded to buy D. to persuade into buying 3. She wishes to become a beautiful girl, _ everybody loves. A. the one B. one C. that D. which 4. Id prefer _ in the office rather than _ at home watching TV. A. working; staying B. working; stay C