六級(jí)翻譯歷年真題解析

1、歷年真題（2015-6）試卷一：中國宴席 中國傳統(tǒng)的待客之道要求飯菜豐富多樣，讓客人吃不完。 中國宴席上典型的菜單包括開席的一套涼菜及其后的熱 菜，例如肉類、雞鴨、蔬菜等。大多數(shù)宴席上，全魚被認(rèn) 為是必不可少的，除非已經(jīng)上過各式海鮮。如今，中國人 喜歡把西方特色菜與傳統(tǒng)中式菜肴融于一席，因此牛排上桌 也不少見。沙拉也已流行起來，盡管傳統(tǒng)上中國人一般不 吃任何未經(jīng)烹飪的菜肴。宴席通常至少有一道湯，可以最 先上或最后上桌。甜點(diǎn)和水果通常標(biāo)志宴席的結(jié)束。譯文： 中國傳統(tǒng)的待客之道要求飯菜豐富多樣，讓客人吃不宀完。The traditional Chinese hospitality requires

2、 a rich variety of foods and dishes, which cannot be totally con sumed by the guests.或 The traditional Chinese hospitality requires that the food should be so various that the guests cannot eat up all the dishes.（找主干、形合、定語從句、結(jié)果狀語從句I） 中國宴席上典型的菜單包括開席的一套涼菜及其后的熱 菜，例如肉類、雞鴨、蔬菜等。The typical menu in Chin es

3、e banq uet in eludes a set of cold dishes at the beg inning of the banq uet, and the hot ones that follow, such as meat, chicke n, duck, vegetables, etc.或 A typical Chinese banquet menu includes a set of appetizers served at the beginning, followed by the hot dishes, such as meat, poultry, vegetable

4、s, etc.（找主干、語序調(diào)整） 大多數(shù)宴席上，全魚被認(rèn)為是必不可少的，除非已經(jīng)上 過各式海鮮。A whole fish is considered to be essential in most banq uets, uni ess various kinds of seafood have bee n served alread y.或 A whole fish is regarded as the essential part in most banq uets, uni ess there have bee n differe nt kinds of seafood.（被動(dòng)態(tài)、讓步狀

5、語從句 如今，中國人喜歡把西方特色菜與傳統(tǒng)中式菜肴融于Today, the Chin ese people like to comb ine the Western specialties with the traditi onal Chin ese dishes in a banq uet, which ofte n gives rise to the appearanee of steak on Chinese dining tables.或 Nowadays, the Chinese people like to combine the Western specialties with

6、the traditi onal Chin ese dishes in a banq uet, so the steak is very popular on the table.或 Nowadays, the Chinese people like to combine the Western specialties with the traditional Chinese dishes in a banquet, so it is very comm on to see steak on the table.或 Nowadays, the Chinese people like to co

7、mbine the Western specialties with the traditional Chinese dishes in a banquet.is not rare to see steak being served as well.（定語從句、原因狀語從句、分句譯法I） 沙拉也已流行起來，盡管傳統(tǒng)上中國人一般不吃任何未 經(jīng)烹飪的菜肴。Salad is gaining popularity, although traditi on ally the Chin ese people gen erally do not eat any food without cook ing.或

8、 Salad has been increasingly popular, although traditi on ally the Chin ese people don eat anything that is not cooked.或 Salad has been increasingly popular, despite the fact that the Chinese people don eat any dishes which are not cooked.（找從句主干、讓步狀語從句、定語從句 I）宴席通常至少有一道湯，可以最先上或最后上桌。In a banq uet, the

9、re is usually at least a course of soup, either as the first or the last dish.In a banq uet, there is usually at least a course of soup, which can be served either at first or at last.（there be句型、定語從句） 甜點(diǎn)和水果通常標(biāo)志宴席的結(jié)束。Desserts and fruit usually mark/ mean the end of the feast.或 Usually, when desserts

10、 and fruit are served, the banq uet will be en ded in a short time.（時(shí)間狀語從句、被動(dòng)態(tài)I）試卷二：中國城市化2011年是中國城市化(urbanization )進(jìn)程中的歷史性時(shí)刻， 其城市人口首次超過農(nóng)村人口。在未來20年里，預(yù)計(jì)有3.5億農(nóng)村人口將移居城市。如此規(guī)模的城市發(fā)展對(duì)城市 交通來說既是挑戰(zhàn)，也是機(jī)遇。中國政府一直提倡 以人為 本”的發(fā)展理念，強(qiáng)調(diào)人們以公交而不是私家車出行。它還號(hào)召建設(shè) 資源節(jié)約和環(huán)境友好型”社會(huì)。有了這個(gè)明確的 目標(biāo)，中國城市就可以更好地規(guī)劃其發(fā)展，并把大量投資轉(zhuǎn) 向安全、清潔和經(jīng)濟(jì)型交通系統(tǒng)的

11、發(fā)展上。譯文：2011年是中國城市化(urbanization )進(jìn)程中的歷史性時(shí) 刻，其城市人口首次超過農(nóng)村人口。The year 2011 wit nesses the historic mome nt in the process of urba ni zati on in Chi na, whose urban population surpasses rural population for the first time.或 The year 2011 is a historic moment in the process of urbanization in China as it

12、s urban population exceeds rural population for the first time.(定語從句、原因狀語從句I) 在未來20年里，預(yù)計(jì)有3.5億農(nóng)村人口將移居城市In the n ext 20 years, it is estimated that about 350 million rural population will migrate / move to cities.（被動(dòng)句、數(shù)字I） 如此規(guī)模的城市發(fā)展對(duì)城市交通來說既是挑戰(zhàn)，也是機(jī)遇Such scale of urba n developme nt brings bothchalle ng

13、e and opport un itiesforurba ntran sportati on.（找主干、語序I） 中國政府一直提倡 以人為本”的發(fā)展理念，強(qiáng)調(diào)人們 以公交而不是私家車出行。The Chinesegover nmenthas always beenadvocat ingthe“ peopleorienteddevelopme ntpeople shouldcon cept,emphasiz ing that travel by buses in stead of by private cars.或 The Chinese government always advocates t

14、he “ peoptoriented ” development concept, and emphasizes the priority of public vehicles over private cars.（找主干） 它還號(hào)召建設(shè) 資源節(jié)約和環(huán)境友好型”社會(huì)。It also calls for the construction of a resource-sav ing and en viro nmen t-frie ndly societ y.或 It also appeals to building a society which is resource-sav ing and e

15、nvironmen t-frie ndly.或 At the same time, the construction of a resource-sav ing and en viro nmen t-frie ndly society is also what the government is appeali ng to.（詞性轉(zhuǎn)換、定語從句、前重心I） 有了這個(gè)明確的目標(biāo)，中國城市就可以更好地規(guī)劃其發(fā) 展，并把大量投資轉(zhuǎn)向安全、清潔和經(jīng)濟(jì)型交通系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展 上。With this explicit goal, cities in China can better pla n their de

16、velopme nt and divert a lot of investment to the development of safe, clea n and econ omical tra nsportati on system.（找主干）試卷三：漢朝 漢朝是中國歷史上最重要的朝代之一。漢朝統(tǒng)治期間有很多顯著的成就。它最先向其他文化敞開大門，對(duì)外貿(mào)易興旺。 漢朝開拓的絲綢之路通向了中西亞乃至羅馬。各類藝術(shù)一派繁榮，涌現(xiàn)了很多文學(xué)歷史哲學(xué)巨著。 公元100年中國第一部字 典編撰完成，收入9000個(gè)字，提供釋義并列舉不同的寫法。 其間，科技方面也取得很大進(jìn)步，發(fā)明了紙張、水鐘、日晷（sundi

17、als） 以及測量地震的儀器。漢朝經(jīng)歷了四百年，但統(tǒng)治者的腐敗導(dǎo) 致了它的滅亡。譯文： 漢朝是中國歷史上最重要的朝代之一。The Han Dyn asty is one of the most sig nifica nt dynasties in the history of China. 或 The Han Dynasty is one of the most important dyn asties in Chin ese history.（找主干、語序I） 漢朝統(tǒng)治期間有很多顯著的成就。It attained lots of remarkable achievements duri ng

18、 the reig n of the Han rulers.或 There are a lot of remarkable achievements duri ng the reig n of the Han rulers.（there be句型、語序） 它最先向其他文化敞開大門，對(duì)外貿(mào)易興旺。The Han Dynasty is the first in opening its door to other cultures, with the foreig n trade prosperous.Being the first to open the door to other culture

19、s, it excelled in its foreig n trade.（With結(jié)構(gòu)、找主干I） 漢朝開拓的絲綢之路通向了中西亞乃至羅馬。The Silk Road exploited in the Han Dynasty lead to Central and West Asia, and even to Rome.（找主干、語序） 各類藝術(shù)一派繁榮，涌現(xiàn)了很多文學(xué)歷史哲學(xué)巨著。With various sorts of art flourishing, there appeared many great works of literature, history and philosop

20、h y.（with 結(jié)構(gòu)、there be 句型） 公元100年中國第一部字典編撰完成，收入 9000個(gè)字，提供 釋義并列舉不同的寫法。The first dictionary in China was compiled in 100 A.D, which not only contains nine thousand Chinese characters, but also offers interpretations and lists various styles of writi ng.（找主干、定語從句） 其間，科技方面也取得很大進(jìn)步，發(fā)明了紙張、水鐘、日晷（su ndials ）以

21、及測量地震的儀器。Scie nee and tech no logy also made much progress duri ng this period. Paper, water clock, sun dials and earthquake detectors were inven ted.或Great progress in scie nee and tech no logy are also achieved during this period as paper, water clock, sun dials and earthquake detectors were inven

22、 ted.（被動(dòng)態(tài)） 漢朝經(jīng)歷了四百年，但統(tǒng)治者的腐敗導(dǎo)致了它的滅亡。The Han Dynasty lasted for more than 400 years, but the corruption of the rulers ultimately led to its collapse / doom / dow nfall.歷年真題（2014-12）試卷一：文學(xué)藝術(shù) 反應(yīng)在藝術(shù)和文學(xué)中的鄉(xiāng)村生活理想是中國文明的重要 特征。這在很大程度上歸功于道家對(duì)自然的感情。傳統(tǒng) 中國畫有兩個(gè)最受青睞的主題，一是家庭生活的各種幸福場 景，畫中往往有老人在下棋飲茶，男人在耕耘收割，婦女在 織布縫衣，小孩在

23、戶外玩耍。另一個(gè)則是鄉(xiāng)村生活的種種 樂趣，畫有漁夫在湖上打漁，農(nóng)夫在山上砍柴采藥，或是書 生坐在松樹下吟詩作畫。這兩個(gè)主題可以分別代表儒家和 道家的生活理想。譯文： 反應(yīng)在藝術(shù)和文學(xué)中的鄉(xiāng)村生活理想是中國文明的重 要特征。這在很大程度上歸功于道家對(duì)自然的感情。The longing for rural life reflected in Chinese art and literature is an important feature of Chin ese civilizatio n, which is, to a large degree, attributed to Taoist af

24、fecti on towards n ature. （語序、合譯法、定語從句I） 傳統(tǒng)中國畫有兩個(gè)最受青睞的主題，一是家庭生活的各種幸福場景，畫中往往有老人在下棋飲茶，男人在耕耘收害農(nóng)婦女在織布縫衣，小孩在戶外玩耍。There are two most popular themes in the traditional Chinese painting. One is about various happy scenes of family life, with the elderly drinking tea and playing chess, men ploughing and harv

25、esting, women weaving and sewing, or children playing out of doors.（分譯法、with結(jié)構(gòu)） 另一個(gè)則是鄉(xiāng)村生活的種種樂趣，畫有漁夫在湖上打漁，農(nóng)夫在山上砍柴采藥，或是書生坐在松樹下吟詩作畫。The other theme is about so much fun in rural life with fishermen fishing on the lake, farmers cutt ing wood and collect ing medic inal herbs in the mountains, or scholars

26、 versing and pain ti ng un der pine trees.（with 結(jié)構(gòu)I） 這兩個(gè)主題可以分別代表儒家和道家的生活理想。These two themes respectively represe nt the Con fucia n and Taoist ideal life states.歷年真題（2014-6）試卷二：經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展自從1978年啟動(dòng)改革以來，中國已從計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)為以市 場為基礎(chǔ)的經(jīng)濟(jì)，經(jīng)歷了經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)的快速發(fā)展。 平均10% 的GDP增長已使五億多人脫貧。聯(lián)合國的“千年（millennium） 發(fā)展目標(biāo)”在中國均已達(dá)到或即將達(dá)到。目前，中國的第 十二

27、個(gè)五年規(guī)劃強(qiáng)調(diào)發(fā)展服務(wù)業(yè)和解決環(huán)境及社會(huì)不平衡 的問題。政府已設(shè)定目標(biāo)減少污染，提高能源效率，改善 得到教育和醫(yī)保的機(jī)會(huì)，并擴(kuò)大社會(huì)保障。中國現(xiàn)在7%的經(jīng)濟(jì)年增長目標(biāo)表明政府是在重視生活質(zhì)量而不是增長 速度。譯文：自從1978年啟動(dòng)改革以來，中國已從計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)為以市 場為基礎(chǔ)的經(jīng)濟(jì)，經(jīng)歷了經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)的快速發(fā)展。Si nee the reform was laun ched in 1978, Chi na has transformed from the planned economy into a market-based economy, experiencing rapid econo m

28、ic and social developme nt.（被動(dòng)態(tài)、專有名詞） 平均10%的GDP增長已使五億多人脫貧10% of the GDP growth per year has brought more tha n five hun dred millio n people out of povert y. 聯(lián)合國的“千年（millennium）發(fā)展目標(biāo)”在中國均已達(dá)到或 即將達(dá)到。TheUni tedNatio ns “ Mille nn iumDevelopment Goals ”has been realized or is about to be reached in China

29、.（被動(dòng)態(tài)） 目前，中國的第十二個(gè)五年規(guī)劃強(qiáng)調(diào)發(fā)展服務(wù)業(yè)和解決環(huán) 境及社會(huì)不平衡的問題。At present, the 12th Five-Year Plan of China emphasizes the development of service industry and dealing with the environmental and social imbala nee.（找主干） 政府已設(shè)定目標(biāo)減少污染，提高能源效率，改善得到教育 和醫(yī)保的機(jī)會(huì)，并擴(kuò)大社會(huì)保障。The government has set goals to reduce polluti on, enhance e

30、n ergy efficie ncy, i ncrease the chances for educationand healthin sura nee, and promote social securit y. 中國現(xiàn)在 7%的經(jīng)濟(jì)年增長目標(biāo)表明政府是在重視生活質(zhì) 量而不是增長速度。Now, 7% of the annual economic growth target of China shows that the government attaches great importance to the quality of life rather tha n the growth rate.（賓語從句）試卷三：中國教育 中國將努力確保到 2015年就業(yè)者接受平均過 13.3年的教 育。China will en dea