時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句講解和練習(xí)

1、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句用句子表達(dá)一件事情或一個(gè)行為發(fā)生的時(shí)間，這個(gè)句子就叫時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句根據(jù)其所表示的 時(shí)間不同，所使用的連詞也不同。下面我們一起來(lái)看一下幾個(gè)常見(jiàn)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句：1. when引導(dǎo)的從句：表示主句的動(dòng)作和從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，或從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作之前。例如：I was goi ng out whe n a visitor came.(動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。)我正要出門(mén)，有客人來(lái)訪。I shall tell her the good news whe n she comes.她來(lái)時(shí)，我將告訴她這個(gè)好消息。小試牛刀：I found mother cooki ng for me.

2、I got home.(when)He was liste ning to the radio whe n I home. (get)2. while引導(dǎo)的從句：表示 當(dāng)過(guò)程中”，強(qiáng)調(diào)某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)主句和從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作在同一時(shí)期發(fā)生。由于while從句表示一個(gè)持續(xù)的行為，所以從句中要用持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，并且持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞常用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。例如：Keep an eye on my little sister while I am away.我不在時(shí)，請(qǐng)照看一下我的小妹妹。While we were watching TV, Jim came in.我們看電視的時(shí)候，Jim 進(jìn)來(lái)了。小試牛刀：It s

3、tarted to rai n. We were playi ng football.(while)Lucy was clea ning the room Lily was liste ning to music.3. as引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句：表示當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候；一邊 一邊；隨著”，其從句的主語(yǔ)與主句的主語(yǔ)往往是同一人或物。例如： She sang as she worked.她一邊工作一邊唱歌。=She was singing as she was work ing.I saw him as he was getti ng off the bus.正當(dāng)他下公共汽車(chē)時(shí)，我看見(jiàn)了他。小試牛刀： we

4、walked, we talked.You will grow wiser you grow older.4. before引導(dǎo)的從句：一般表示主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句動(dòng)作之前。例如：I didn ' t know any English before I came here.我到這兒來(lái)之前，一點(diǎn)英語(yǔ)都不懂。例如：I had written my report before my father came back.小試牛刀： He bought the ticket he went to see the film.5. after引導(dǎo)的從句：表示主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句動(dòng)作之后。例如：Afte

5、r he locked the door, he left.他鎖上門(mén)后，就走了。After he had finished his work, he played a game of chess with his friend.他做完工作后，和朋友下了一盤(pán)棋。小試牛刀：I will go out to play basketball with you. I finish my homework.(after)He left the classroom he had fini shed his homework the other day.6. since引導(dǎo)的從句：表示 自從以來(lái)”，從句中的動(dòng)

6、詞一般表示動(dòng)作的起點(diǎn)，用過(guò)去時(shí)。主句中的動(dòng)詞表 示動(dòng)作延續(xù)的情況，一般用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。如果主句中的動(dòng)詞表示的不是延續(xù)的動(dòng)作而是表示目前的狀態(tài)，可用 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例如： Since he met this good friend, he has made great progress in his studies.自從遇見(jiàn)了這個(gè)好朋友，他已在學(xué)習(xí)上取得了巨大的進(jìn)步。例如：It is twenty years since she joined the Party.她入黨二十年了。(主句中的動(dòng)詞表示的是狀態(tài)，用現(xiàn)在時(shí)。)小試牛刀：it is five years since we last time.

7、 (meet)Mr gree n has taught i n that school since he (come) to China three years ago.7. until引導(dǎo)的從句：表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作持續(xù)到某一時(shí)刻。但表達(dá)的意思不同。必須用否定形式。(1) 表示 直到”，如果主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞時(shí)，用肯定或否定形式都可以，(2) 表示 直到才”，主句用否定式，從句用肯定。如果主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是瞬間動(dòng)詞時(shí),例如：They worked un til it was late.他們一直工作到天黑。She didn ' t go to bed until she finish

8、ed her homework.她寫(xiě)完作業(yè)才睡覺(jué)。小試牛刀： All the people left. He waited.(until)He went to bed . his father came home.&as soon as引導(dǎo)的從句表示 一就”強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作緊密相連。例如： As soon as she came to the classroom, she began to read English.她一至U教室，就開(kāi)始讀英語(yǔ)。小試牛刀： We start to sin g. It''s 12 o"clock. (as soon as)9. by th

9、e time 至U。為止(所在句子的主句應(yīng)用完成時(shí))例如：By the time he gets there , his father has already gone.他到家的時(shí)候，他爸爸已經(jīng)走了。小試牛刀：By the time I got to school, the class. (begin )我到校時(shí)，已經(jīng)開(kāi)始上課了。知識(shí)擴(kuò)展1. it is +時(shí)間段+since+ 般過(guò)去時(shí)（從。以來(lái)多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了）例如：it is five years si nee we met last time. 從我們上次見(jiàn)面已經(jīng)五年了。2. it is/ will be + 時(shí)間段 +before+ 一般現(xiàn)

10、在時(shí) 例如：it is a long time before I go to sleep .it was an hour before the police arrived.it was+ 時(shí)間段 +before+ 過(guò)了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間我才睡著。過(guò)了一個(gè)小時(shí)，警察才來(lái)。般過(guò)去時(shí)（。才）小試牛刀：It(be) ten years since we(leave) that city .It is reported that it may be two or three monthsit is possible to test this medici ne on ani malsHow long do yo

11、u think it will beChina sends a manned spaceship to the moon?3、when和while 的區(qū)別連詞區(qū)別所接動(dòng)詞例句whe n主從句同時(shí)發(fā)生、 先后發(fā)生瞬間性動(dòng)詞、 持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞When you arrive in London, please give us a call.When he was hav ing his lun ch, he heard the door bell ring.as主從句同時(shí)發(fā)生、 一邊一邊、隨著持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞As time went on, he grew more and more impatie nt.A

12、s we walked, we talked.while主從句同時(shí)發(fā)生 然而、既然持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞While she was reading a novel, her mother was cooking the dinner. Some people waste food while other have n 'te no ugh.I' m going to the post office.While you ' re there, can you get me some stamps?4、巧記10個(gè)瞬間性動(dòng)詞在學(xué)習(xí)以when和while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，用到了瞬間動(dòng)詞

13、和延續(xù)動(dòng)詞。常見(jiàn)的瞬間動(dòng)詞有die（死）,come（來(lái)）,go（去），eave（離開(kāi)）,arrive（到達(dá)）,begin（開(kāi)始）,buy（買(mǎi)）,join（加入）,borrow（借進(jìn)，借 出），return（歸還）等。這10個(gè)瞬間動(dòng)詞可用兩句口訣來(lái)幫助記憶：開(kāi)始離去，借來(lái)還，出生入死，買(mǎi)到家。注釋?zhuān)?. "開(kāi)始離去，借來(lái)還"為 begin,leave,go,borrow,come,return六詞；2. "出生入死，買(mǎi)到家"為join,die,buy,arrive 四詞。3. 各詞改為相應(yīng)的延續(xù)動(dòng)詞為：begin 宀be on, leave be away

14、 from, borrowkeep, go be, come be here, returnbe back,join tbe in, die be dead, buy have, arrivebe here 等。'5、狀語(yǔ)從句與主句的時(shí)態(tài)問(wèn)題主句（過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)） 主句（一般過(guò)去時(shí)） 主句（一般過(guò)去時(shí)） 主句（過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)）1. 由when、while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)：（主過(guò)從過(guò)）+when +從句（一般過(guò)去）+when +從句（過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)）+while +從句（過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)）+while +從句（過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)）注意：看動(dòng)詞為短暫性動(dòng)詞用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，動(dòng)詞為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞則用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。小試牛

15、刀：Mother(cook ) supper when I (get) home yesterday.Last Sun day I (meet) Lin Hong whe n I (walk) in the street.When the students (have ) a meeting, the teacher (come) in.While Han Meimei (sweep) the floor, Lucy (carry) water.2. 由when、after、before、by the time 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)：主句、從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞都已完成，則先發(fā)生的動(dòng)作用過(guò)去完成時(shí)

16、，后發(fā)生的動(dòng)作用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。例如： After he had finished his work, he played a game of chess with his friend.小試牛刀： When they (get) to the cinema last light, the film (start).I (go) out with my friends after I (finish) all the homework last night.3. 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句與主句的時(shí)態(tài)不一致。(主將從現(xiàn)：主句用將來(lái)時(shí)，而時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí))小試牛刀： As soon as I reach

17、Can ada, I you up. (ring)I will call you as soon as I the result. (know)He(become) a solider whe n he(grow) up .He ( wait)until the rain.( stop)一、單項(xiàng)選擇。1 The meeti ng did n't startevery one was there.A. Because B. un til C. why D. if2 The boyto bedhis mother came in.A. went not; un tilB. did n

18、9;t go; after C. went; un tilD. did n't go; un til3. Hewait until the rain.A . won' t, will stopB . won' t, stop C . will, stopsD. will, will stop4. As soon as Janehere, I ' ll post the letter to MikeA. leaveB. will leaveC . leaves D . left5 . It was already five o ' clockwe got

19、home.A . whe n B . whileC . because D . if6. I ' m going to the post office. you ' re there, can you get me some stamps?A . AsB . While C . Because D . If7 . Joan and Mary haven ' t seen each otherthey left school five years ago.A . as B . beforeC . after D . si nee8 . I will let you kno

20、w about it as soon as Ithe n ews.A . will get B . getsC . got D . get9. Heback un til the workdone.A. is n't; will beB. is n't; isC. won't be; will beD. won't be; is10. I call the police for help I saw the thief.A. while B. beforeC. as soon asD . after11 They did n't start the wo

21、rktheir teacher came back.A. un tilB. whileC. as soon asD. if12. Tom will call me as soon as heShan ghai.A. arrives B. will reach C. arrives inD. get to13. I'm sure he'll come to see me before heBeiji ng.A. will leave B. is leavi ngC. leave D. leaves14. I will tell him the n ews as soon as h

22、eback.A. come B. comes C. will comeD. came15.1 won't believe youI have see n it with my own eyes.A. before B. un tilC. afterD. whe n16. Hehomeshe was satisfiedhis an swer yesterday.A. did n't go; un til; withB. was n't go; after; toC. does n't go; before; withD. did n't go; un ti

23、l; to二、用方框中的單詞填空。when 、before、 after 、as 、since、 while、 until 、as soon as1. Mum was making cookies in the kitche nthe teleph one rang.2. I was watching TVmy wife was cooking.3. He had worked in a factory for two yearshe went to college.4. I shall play chess with youI finish watching TV.5. He didn ' t get to the airportit was dark.6. She sangshe went along.7. I haven ' t heard from himhe went to America.8 . We found the books two dayshe had gone away.三，完成句子。1. 他進(jìn)來(lái)時(shí)，我在吃飯。 ， I was eating.2. 我在那封信寄到之前去北京了。I had left for Beiji ng just .3. 當(dāng)我在玩電腦游戲時(shí)，爸爸在聽(tīng)音樂(lè)。Father was