賓語從句講解,練習(xí)及答案

1、賓語從句一、基本講解1 .概念：在句中擔(dān)當(dāng)賓語的從句叫賓語從句，賓語從句可作謂語動詞的賓語，也可做介詞的賓語。eg. He said he was good at drawing.(動詞賓語)He asks him how long Mike has been down .(動詞賓語)Miss Zhang is angry at what you said.(介詞賓語)2 .連接詞(1)陳述句轉(zhuǎn)化成賓語從句時，引導(dǎo)詞用 that, 口語中常常省略。eg. She told me (that) she would like to go with us.(2)以whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，

2、主要用來引導(dǎo)一般疑問 句意思或選擇疑問句意思的賓語從句，從句同樣是陳述語序eg. I wonder if /whether u have told the new to Li Lei .注意：一般情況下，whether和if可以互用，但有些情況例外。a.當(dāng)從句做介詞的賓語時只用 whether不用ifeg. We are talking about whether we'll go on the pinic.b.引導(dǎo)詞與動詞不定式或not連用時，只用whether.eg. Please let me know what to do next.Could you tell me whet

3、her to go or not?c. if 當(dāng)"如果"講時，引導(dǎo)的是條件狀語從句，這時不能用 whether.(3).特殊疑問句轉(zhuǎn)化成賓語從句時，引導(dǎo)詞用特殊疑問詞；引導(dǎo) 詞后要用陳述句語序。E.g. Could you tell me what's the matterwrong with you?特殊情況：當(dāng)do you think后接特殊疑問句轉(zhuǎn)化成賓語從句時，句式結(jié)高應(yīng)力引導(dǎo)詞 + do you think + 陳述句語序。3 .賓語從句時態(tài)a.當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時，一般將來時或祈使句時，從句不受主句 的限制，根據(jù)自身的需要選用相應(yīng)的時態(tài)。例如：Do you

4、 know (if/whether he has seen the film ) ?b.當(dāng)主句是一般過去時，從句要用過去時的相應(yīng)時態(tài)。例如：I didn't know (if/whether he had seen the film. )注意：當(dāng)主句是一般過去時，而從句表示的是客觀真理，自然現(xiàn)象，科學(xué)原理，格言等，從句仍然要用一般現(xiàn)在時。例如：He said (that the earth moves round the sun. )The teacher told us (that light travels much faster than sound. )4 .人稱的變化和標(biāo)點(diǎn)的

5、使用a.從句的主語如果是第一人稱，變?yōu)橘e語從句則與主句的主語一 致；如果是第二人稱，則與主句的賓語一致；如果是第三人稱，不 用變化。如：(一主二賓三不變) “May I use your knife ? ” He asked me.f He asked me if he might use my knife. “Do you know her telephone number ? ” He asked me.fHe asked me if I know h er telephone number.b.賓語從句的標(biāo)點(diǎn)均由主句決定。主句是陳述句，用句號；主句是 疑問句，用問號。如：Who will

6、 give us a talk? I don ' t know. T don' t know who will give us a talk.Doyou know? Where does he live?fDo you know where he lives?二、賓語從句的轉(zhuǎn)化1 .當(dāng)主句謂語動詞是 hope, wish, decide , forget , plan, agree 等，且主句主語與從句主語相同時，從句可簡化為不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。如:She agreed that she could help me with my maths.一 She agreed to help

7、me with my maths.2 . 當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞是 know, learn, forget, remember, decide 等后面帶特殊疑問句轉(zhuǎn)化的賓語時，主從句的主語也須一致這時 從句可以簡化成“疑問詞+不定式結(jié)構(gòu)”。例如：I don't know which sweater I should buy.fI don't know whichsweater to buy.3 .當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞是 ask, tell, show, teach等后面帶雙賓語時，從句的主語和間接賓語一致，且從句是由特殊疑問句轉(zhuǎn)化來 時，從句可以轉(zhuǎn)化成“疑問詞+不定式結(jié)構(gòu)”，或者在連接代

8、詞/ 副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中，當(dāng)從句主語與主句主語或間接賓語一致 時，賓語從句可簡化為“連接代詞/副詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。如： fCould you tell me how to get to the p ark?4 . 當(dāng)主句謂語動詞是find ， see， watch， hear 等感官動詞時，從句常簡化為“賓語賓補(bǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)，賓補(bǔ)為不帶 to 的不定式或V-ing 形式。 如：She found that the wallet lay/was lying on the ground.fShe found the wallet lie/lying on the ground.賓語從句小口訣：賓語從句

9、三注意，時態(tài)語序引導(dǎo)詞；時態(tài)語序引導(dǎo)詞;主句一般現(xiàn)在時，從句不需受限制；主句一般過去時，從句須用相應(yīng)時；that引，一般疑問句用if/whether,特殊問句疑問詞，引導(dǎo)詞后陳述式。初中賓語從句專項(xiàng)習(xí)題 鞏固練習(xí)( ) 1. Have you decided for Australia?A. when will you leaveB. when do you leaveC. you will leave whenD. when you will leave( ) 2. Can you tell me ?A. where does Tom live B. where Tom livedC. To

10、m lives where D. where Tom lives( ) 3. The old man asked me .A. where was the cinema B. where is the cinemaC. where the cinema was D. where was the way to the cinema ( ) 4.I think you will like him.A. that B. if C. why D. how( ) 5. I didn t know he will come or not.A. that B. whether C. weather D. h

11、ow( ) 6. I wonder .A. how much cost these shoes B. how muchdo these shoes costC. how much these shoes cost D. how muchare these shoes cost( ) 7. She asked me .D. who he isA. who he was B. who was he C. who is he ( ) 8. Ask him _.A. whose cup this isB. whose cup is thisC. this is whose cupD. whose is

12、 this cup( )9. I don t know .A. what time the movie startsC. the time to start the movieB. what time starts the movieD. the movie what time starts( ) 10. The doctor asked me how long .A. was I ill B. have I been ill C. I have been ill D. I had been ill ( )11. The weather forecast doesn t say .A. if

13、it rains tomorrow B. if does it rain tomorrowC. if it will rain tomorrow D. if will it rain tomorrow ( ) 12. Do you know ?A. whose pen is thisB. whose pen this isD. whom does the pen belong to D. whom the pen belong to ( ) 13. Could you tell me where ?A. the tape was B. was the tape C. the tape is D

14、. is the tape ( ) 14. They want to know ?A. where is the hospitalB. how old are youC. when the train will leaveD. why is the boy crying( ) 15. Tony wanted to know .A. what had Father Christmas put in his stockingB. when Father Christmas had put in his stockingC. what Father Christmas had put in his

15、stockingD. where Father Christmas had put in his stocking( )16. No one knows _ the professor will cometo our school tomorrowto give us a talk or not. A. when B. whether C. where D. if( )17. July didn t know.A. where is Tim s fatherB.whenwas the first watch madeC. who the old man is D. what was wrong

16、 with her watch ( ) 18. No one told us , so we need your help.A. how should we do B. what we should doC. what to doD. what should we do( )19. We don t know with the rubbish and it pollutes outland and sea.A. how do it B. how to do C. what do it D. what to do ( ) 20. He asked me .A. whether I find ou

17、t the sender of the moneyB. whether did I find out the sender of the moneyC. whether the sender of the money found outD. whether I found out the sender of the money) 21. Did you hear ?A. what did I say B. what I said C. I said what D. what I say( ) 22. Can you tell me ?A. which class you are in B. w

18、hich class are you inC. you are in which class D. are you in which class ( ) 23. -Excuse me. Could you tell me ? - Certainly.A. when can I get to the station B. I can get to which stationC. which station can I get to D. how I can get to the station( ) 24. Could you tell me where yesterday?A. did you

19、 go B. you go C. you have gone D. you went ( ) 25. Tom asked me .A. whose shirt was this B. whose shirt this wasC. who shirt was thisD. who shirt this was( ) 26. Excuse me, could you tell me ?A. where s the teachers office B.where s the bus stationC. what s she doingD. where the post office is( )27.

20、 I want to see Mrs. Wang , but I don t know A. she lives whereB. she where livesC. where she livesD. where does she live( )28. - Goand ask MA. where does he live C. where is he living( )29. - Can you tellA. where he livesC. when he will leave( ) 30. Have you decided _. White for help. -B. where he l

21、ivesD. he lives there me? - Yes,B. who is singingD. what he said for London?But I don t know he lives in a small town.A. when will you leaveB. when you will leaveC. when are you goingD. when you are going( ) 31. Excuse me. Could you tell me our tickets?A. where do we show B. where shall we showC. wh

22、ere did we show D. where we shall show( ) 32. - What are you interested in about cooking food? - We are all interested in .A. how egg is friedB. how is egg friedC. How egg friesD. how does egg fry( ) 33. Do you know ?A. what it is B. what is it C. who is he D. whose nameis it( ) 34. Do you know ?A.

23、whose book is thisC. this book is whose( )35. I don t know _A. where is my catC. where my cat is ( ) 36. Does he know ?A. what s your nameC. what your is name ( ) 37. Do you know ?A. which floor he livesC. he lives on which floor ( ) 38. Tell me where ?B. whose book this isD. who s book this is_ now

24、.B. my cat is whereD. where my catB. what name is yourD. what your name isB. which floor he lives onD. which floor does he lives onA. is the hospital B. the hospital is C. is hospital D.hospital is( )39. He hasn t decided .A. if he ll go on a trip to WuxiB. when will he go on a tripto Wu xiC. if he

25、goes on a trip to Wu xi D. when does he go on a trip to Wu xi( ) 40. Can you see ?A. what he s readingB. what is he readingC. what does he read D. he reads what賓語從句鞏固練習(xí)參考答案1. 參考答案D 你決定什么時候去澳大利亞了嗎？賓語從句用陳述語序。2. 參考答案D賓語從句用陳述語序，where作從何的賓語。3. 參考答案C賓語從句用陳述語序，where表示地點(diǎn)。4. 參考答案A if 表示選擇，我想你是否將喜歡他。5. 參考答案B

26、有 or not ， 所以用 whether.6. 參考答案C 賓語從句用陳述語序.7. 參考答案A賓語從句用陳述語序，who作從何的賓語。8. 參考答案A whose 是所有格，所以后面要有一個名詞，整體做從句的賓語。9. 參考答案A 賓語從句用陳述語序。10. 參考答案D 主句是過去時，從句也要用過去相應(yīng)的時態(tài)，醫(yī)生問我之前我已經(jīng)病了，所以用過去完成時態(tài)。11. 參考答案C if 連接賓語從句，賓語從句用陳述語序。12. 參考答案B whose是所有格，所以后面要有一個名詞，整體做從何的賓語。13. 參考答案C賓語從句用陳述語序。14. 參考答案C賓語從句用陳述語序，時態(tài)不受限制。15.

27、參考答案C主句用一般過去時，從句要用過去相應(yīng)的時態(tài)，因?yàn)槭フQ老人是之前就把禮物放進(jìn)襪子里了，所以用過去完成時態(tài)。16. 參考答案B有 or not 就用 whether.17. 參考答案D 賓語從句用陳述語序, 主句用一般過去時，從句要用過去相應(yīng)的時態(tài)。18. 參考答案B 沒有人告訴我們應(yīng)該做什么，所以我們需要你的幫助。賓語從句用陳述語序，如果選B 就是沒有人做什么，us 后面是賓語從句，而us 是賓格不能作從句的主語，所以C 選項(xiàng)缺少賓語從句的主語，應(yīng)選B.19. 參考答案D我們不知道用垃圾做什么并且垃圾污染陸地和海洋。What做todo 的賓語。20. 參考答案D 賓語從句用陳述語序，他問我是否我能找出寄錢的人，主句用過去時態(tài)，從句用過去相應(yīng)的時態(tài)。21. 參考答案B 賓語從句用陳述語序，what 作從句的賓語。22. 參考答案A