定語從句教師用

1、司二成都戴氏教育集團定語從句(專題)導(dǎo)入：知識點精講：一、語法知識：定語從句：例句：1、The camel that I rode had a bad temper.2、The games that they love the most are cricket and rugby.語法全解：1)、在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。2)、定語從句所修飾的詞叫先行詞；定語從句一般用關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞來引導(dǎo)，關(guān)系詞放在先行詞與定語從句之 間起連接作用，同時又作從句中的一個成分。弓I導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞有：that, who, whom, whose, which , as關(guān)系副詞有：

2、when, where, why.一)、關(guān)系代詞1、that引導(dǎo)的定語從句that既可以指代有生命的人或動物，也可以指代無生命的物。在定語從句中，充當(dāng)主語或賓語。He is the gentleman that wants to help us.(做主語)This is the book that I want to buy.(做賓語)1) The English-Chinese dictionary D my father bought for me many years ago is still of greatvalue.A、 whose B、when C、who D、that關(guān)系代詞只

3、能用that的情況1) 當(dāng)先行詞是 a lot, few, all,little, much, none, anything, something, everything, nothing 等詞時如：All that can be done has been done.In this factory I saw little / much that was different from ours.Is there anything that you dont understand?She didint forget anything that her mother had told her t

4、o buy.(2)當(dāng)先行詞被 all, any , no, much, (a )little, some , few, every,等限定詞所修飾時。如：We heard clearly every word that he said.They havent got any dictionaries that we need.(3)當(dāng)先行詞是序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞所修飾時。如：The first thing that should be done is to get the tickets.When people talk about Hangzhou, the first that comes t

5、o mind is the West Lake.This novel is the second best one that I have ever read.(4)當(dāng)先行詞是形容詞最高級或被形容詞最高級所修飾，如：Is that the best that you can do?That s the most expensive hotel that we ve ever stayed in.（5）當(dāng)先行詞被 the very, the only, the next, the last, the same 等所修飾時。如：This is the very book that I want t

6、o find.（6）當(dāng)先行詞為一個既指人又指物的并列詞組時。如：He told us many interesting people and things that we had never heard.The guests spoke highly of the children and their performances that they saw at the ChildrenShe described in her compositions the people and places that impressed her most. 當(dāng)主句是以 which , who, what開頭

7、的特殊疑問句時。如：Which is the car that killed the boy?Who is the person that is making this lecture?Which is the hotel that you like best? What is the animal that baby is sleeping in its pocket?8）作表語只用that ,它既可以指人，也可以指物，但時常省略。如：He is no longer the man that he used to be.This is no longer the dirty place （t

8、hat） it used to be.2、which引導(dǎo)的定語從句當(dāng)先行詞是物時，定語從句可用which引導(dǎo)，which在句中做主語或賓語。She told us a story which moved us deeply.（做主語）The house which they lived in was very modern.（ 作賓語）注意：1、that的先行詞即可是人又可是物，但which的先行詞只能是物2、當(dāng)定語從句所修飾的先行詞是事物時，大多數(shù)情況下which和that可以互換，但是當(dāng)緊跟在介詞后時，只能用which而不能用that。This is the room in which m

9、y father lived last year.3、引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時不能用that ,只能用which。He had failed in the math exam, which made his father very angry.3、who/whom 引導(dǎo)的定語從句who/whom引導(dǎo)的定語從句，先行詞是人。 Who在定語從句中做主語或賓語，whom在定語從句中只能做賓語。注意：如果引導(dǎo)詞緊接在介詞之后，那么只能用whom,而不能用who。The policeman who helped us is very well.（ 做上語）Is he the actor who/whom

10、you talked about yesterday?（做賓語）Whatever is worth doing is worth doing well!2【戴氏勸學(xué)】司二成都戴氏教育集團Is he the actor about whom you talked just now?（ 做賓語）（注意：定語從句中做賓語的關(guān)系代詞whom也可用who代替，但是who不能用與介詞后。在非限制性定語從句中,whom不可用 who替代。）I happened to meet the professor （whom/who） I got to know at a party in the shopping

11、center yesterday.1）、Please pass me the cartoon book _D has a Mickey Mouse on the cover.A、whomB、whoseC、whoD、which2) Mr Smith is an excellent teacher_C always gives us lively lessons.A、whomB、whoseC、whoD、which用關(guān)系代詞 who或which填空1、She is the girl lives next door.2、 This is a book tells about English gramm

12、ar.3、The professor you want to see has come.4、We got on the bus was waiting there.5、The boy broke the window yesterday is now being criticized.用關(guān)系代詞 who或whom填空6、 The man wrote this book is a friend of Linda s father.7、Is that the girl you talked about yesterday?8、Is that the girl about you talked ye

13、sterday.用關(guān)系代詞 which或that填空9、 The man we saw this morning is Mr Brown.10、 The things we are interested in are so ordinary sometimes.11、 The things in we are interested are so ordinary sometimes.12、 It seemed that there was nothing they could do.13、 This is the third book was written by the young nove

14、list.14、 Friendships are one of the few things improve with age.15、 My grandmother likes telling us about the person and things she remembers.4、whose引導(dǎo)的定語從句Whose的先行詞通常是人，也可以是物，在定語從句中做定語。【戴氏勸學(xué)】Whatever is worth doing is worth doing well!Im talking with a person whose name is Wang Lin.Mr Green lives i

15、n a house whose roof is blue.They are looking for a book whose cover is broken.當(dāng)whose的先行詞是物時，這時可以與of which結(jié)構(gòu)互換，詞序是：名詞+of which :如：They came to a house whose back wall had broken down. (= the back wall of which)He s wtten a book the name of which I ve completely forgotten. (= whose name)1)、Is there a

16、nyone here name is Betty?A、whom B、whose C、who D、which2)、“ Get new knowledge by reviewing the old is a famous saying by Confucius( 孔子).He was a great thinkerwords still have a great effect on millions of people around the world today.A、whoB、whosC、whose3) Please pass me the dictionary cover is blue.A、

17、whoseB、whichC、which ofD、its4) They rushed over to help the man car had broken down.A、whom B、which C、that D、whose5) There is a lake at the foot of the hill depth has never been measured.A、which B、whose C、in whichD、that6) Here comes the girl handwriting is the best in our class.A、which B、whose C、that

18、D、what5、Which、who、that引導(dǎo)的定語從句及引導(dǎo)詞的省略1、關(guān)系代詞在從句中作賓語時常常省略，在口語中尤為普遍，但在較正式的文體中較少被省略。The boy (whom) you saw just now is her younger brother.2、先行詞是不定代詞all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing 等時，或先行詞被形容詞最高級或被the only, the first等修飾時，作賓語的關(guān)系代詞that在口語中通常省略。Thats all (that) I want to say.This

19、 is the best novel (that) I have ever read.3、關(guān)系代詞在從句中做介詞賓語時也常常省略。但是，如果介詞位于從句的開頭，關(guān)系代詞不能省略。Is he the man (whom) you had a talk with yesterday?Whatever is worth doing is worth doing well!4【戴氏勸學(xué)】司二成都戴氏教育集團The house in which we live is very large.1) Can you lend me the book the other day?A、that you talke

20、dB、you talked about it C、which you talked to D、you talked about2)The little boy was wrapping the present would be sent to his teacher.A、who B、/C、whatD、that3) Sorry, we dont have the coat you need.A、whatB、whoC、whom D、/4)Is that the man helped others a lot after the earthquake?A、whom B、which C、when D、

21、who5) Is everything we need to do?Yes.You neednt worry about it.6)The girl I just talked with is Ben s sister.A、/ B、which C、whose D、when7) All the children like the teachers can understand them.A、/ B、whichC、who D、whom二)關(guān)系副詞1 when的用法：when指時間，在從句中作時間狀語，它的先行詞通常有：time, day, morning, night, week, year等。W

22、hen ?？捎?on which, in which, at which, during which等代替。April the first is the day when people make fun of others.=April the first is the day on which people make fun of others.I still remember the time when I first traveled by plane.Do you know the date when Lincoln was born?2. where 指地點，在從句中作地點狀語。它的

23、先行詞常有：place, spot, street, house, room, city, town, country 等。Where?？捎?in which , on which, at which, to which 等代替。There are the few points where we disagree with each other.=There are the few points where to which we disagree with each other.This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.Kee

24、p the books in a place where you can find them easily.3. why指原因或理由，在定語從句中做原因狀語，可以用 for which替代，它的先行詞只有reason。Why不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，此時只能用for which 。如：That is the reason why he is leaving so soon.I dont want to listen to any reason why you were absent.Is this the reason why she refused our offer?I have come

25、 around to explain the reason why I was absent from the meeting.擴展：1、在下面的句子中，不能用 why,只能用that或whichI don want to hear any reason that/which you might give.( 這里 that 和 which 在定語從句中作謂語give 的賓語)2、the reason why-. 和 the reason thatThe reason that the car broke down doesn;t hold water.車子壞了這一原因是站不住腳的。(that

26、引導(dǎo)的同位語從句，解釋reason的內(nèi)容，在同位語從句中不作成分)4、關(guān)系副詞的省略1) the time, every time , each time, the moment 等后的關(guān)系副詞可省略。By the time (when) he was fourteen years old, Einstein had learnt advanced mathematics all by himself.2)、在某些表示地點的名詞后，關(guān)系副詞有時也可以省略，如 the place等。This is the place (where) we met years ago.3)、先行詞the reas

27、on后面的關(guān)系副詞可省略。The reason (why) he did that is quite clear.That is the real reason he did it.注意：當(dāng)先行詞是表時間的time, day等和表地點的place, house等時，一定要注意分析從句的結(jié)構(gòu)，如果缺少主語 或賓語時，關(guān)系詞應(yīng)該用which或that,缺少時間狀語或地點狀語時，才能用 when或where,試比較：I ll never forget the day when my hometown was liberated.I ll never forget the days which/tha

28、t we spent together last summer.His father works in a factory where radio parts are made.His father works in a factory which/that makes radio parts.補充知識：三）、限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句【戴氏勸學(xué)】Whatever is worth doing is worth doing well!6司二成都戴氏教育集團1 .限制性定語從句說明先行詞的情況，對先行詞起限定作用，與先行詞關(guān)系十分密切，不可用逗號隔開，也不可 省略，否則全句意義就不完整。如

29、：This is the telegram which he refers to.Is there anything (that) I can do for you?2 .非限制性定語從句只是對先行詞作補充說明，沒有限定作用，它與先行詞的關(guān)系比較松散，因而不是關(guān)鍵性的，如果省略，原句的意義仍然完整。這種從句在朗讀時要有停頓，在文字中通常用逗號與主句隔開。如：This note was left by Tom, who was here a moment ago.As a boy, he was always making things, most of which were electric.

30、引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句的關(guān)系詞有：who, whom, whose, which, when 和where,不可以用that和why。另外，非限制性定語從句從意義上講，相當(dāng)于一個并列句，在口語中使用并不普遍，在日常生活中，人們通常用并列句或簡單句來表達。如：I told the story to John, who later did it to his brother.=I told the story to John, and he later told it to his brother.Yesterday I happened to see John, who was eager to

31、have a talk with you.=Yesterday I happened to see John and he was eager to have a talk with you.1 .在非限制性定語從句中，關(guān)系代詞作主語，只能用 who指人，which指物；關(guān)系代詞做賓語，常用 whom (口 語中有時用who)指人，which指物，它們都不能用that代替。2 .關(guān)系代詞作介詞賓語，不論是在限制性定語從句中，還是在非限制性定語從句中，當(dāng)介詞前置時，只能用whom指人，which指物；但如果介詞后置，則不受這種限制，關(guān)系代詞還可以省去，特別是在口語中。如：Do you know

32、the boy to whom she was talking?Do you know the boy (that) she was talking to?The pencil (which/that) he was writing with suddenly broke四)當(dāng)先行詞前有such, so, as時，關(guān)系詞應(yīng)當(dāng)用as。如：A wise man seldom talks about such things as he doesn t understand.He spoke in such easy English as everybody could understand.At t

33、his time of the day, all buses and trolleys have to carry as many passengers as they can.It is so easy a book as every schoolboy can read.Let s discuss such things as we can talk of freely.另需注意：【戴氏勸學(xué)】Whatever is worth doing is worth doing well!8司二成都戴氏教育集團This book is written in such easy English as

34、beginners can understand.(定語從句)This book is written in such easy English that beginners can understand it. (結(jié)果狀語從句)9.as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句既可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后，用來修飾整個句子。通常用下列句型：as is known to all,as is said,as is reported, as is announced,as we all know,as I expect 等。Eg： As I expected,he got the first place agai

35、n in this mid-term examination.正如我所預(yù)料的那樣，他在這次期中考試中又獲得了第一名。10、當(dāng)先行詞被the same所修飾時，關(guān)系詞既可以用as,也可以用that。在表示具體事物時，有時兩者有一定的區(qū)別。一般說來，表示同一種類多用as,表示同一事物多用that。如：This is the same instrument that I used yesterday.這就是我昨天用過的那臺儀器。This is the same instrument as I used yesterday.這臺儀器跟我昨天用過的那臺樣。在抽象概念上，同種類和同一事物是沒有絕對區(qū)別的，

36、所以兩個詞可換用：I have the same opinion as / that you have.這里要注意的是：(1)使用as時，它引導(dǎo)的定語從句中的動詞可以省略，但使用 that時，定語從句中的動詞不可省略。如：Women received the same pay as men.Women received the same pay that men received.(2)在“thesamethat結(jié)構(gòu)中，that只是用來加強語氣，強調(diào) 相同。that可以省去而不改變句子原意，甚至連名詞 前的same也可以省去。如：This is the same instrument that

37、 I used yesterday.=This is the same instrument I used yesterday.=This is the instrument I used yesterday.但在“the sameas”結(jié)構(gòu)中，same和as者B不能省略。(3)當(dāng)“the samethat結(jié)構(gòu)中的that作為關(guān)系副詞用時，不可以直接與 as互換。如： He lives in the same building that I live.=He lives in the same building as / that I live in.Shall we meet at the

38、same place that we last met?=Shall we meet at the same place that / as we last met at?典型例題講解及思維拓展：1、 The village a I visited last year has changed a lot.Really? I hope to go there one day.A that B 、who C、when2、 Do you know the man came here yesterday?Yes, he brought me the most interesting book B I

39、had wanted to buy.A who; which B 、who; that C 、whom; which D 、what; that3、Is that the man D helped us a lot after the earthquake?A whose B、which C、when D、who4、I still remember the park C we first met.A that B 、which C、where D、when5、Jamie is a young cook A wants to improve school dinners.A who B、whos

40、e C、whom D、which6、The whole world is fighting against the H1N1, a disease B has caused many deaths.A who B、which C、whom D、what鞏固練習(xí)：1. Don t talk about such things of you are not sure.A. which B. what C. as D. those 2. Is this the factory you visited the otherday?A. that B. where C. in which D. the o

41、ne3. Is this factory some foreign friends visited last Friday? A. that B.where C. which D. the one4. Is this the factory he worked ten years ago?A. that B. where C. which D. the one5. The wolves hid themselves in the places couldn t be found.A. that B. where C. in which D. in that6. The freezing poi

42、nt is the temperature water changes into ice.A. at which B. on that C. in which D. of what7. This book will show you can be used in other contexts.【戴氏勸學(xué)】Whatever is worth doing is worth doing well!10司二成都戴氏教育集團A. how you have observed B. what you have observedC. that you have observed D. how that you

43、 have observed8. The reason is he is unable to operate the machine.A. because B. why C. that D. whether9. I ll tell you he told me last week.A. all which B. that C. all that D. which10. That tree,branches are almost bare, is very old.A. whose B. of which C. in which D. on which11. I have bought the

44、same dress she is wearing.A. as B. that C. which D. what12. He failed in the examination,made his father very angry. A. whichwe attendedB. it C. that D. what13. We re talking about the piano and the pianist were in the concert last night.A. which B. whom C. who D. that14. The girl an English song in

45、 the next room is Tom s sister.A. who is singing B. is singing C. sang D. was singing15. Those not only from books but also through practice will succeed.A. learn B. who C. that learns D. who learn16. Anyone this opinion may speak out.A. that againsts B. that againstC. who is against D. who are agai

46、nst17. Didn t you see the man?A. I nodded just now B. whom I nodded just nowC. I nodded to him just now D. I nodded to just now18. Can you lend me the novel the other day?A. that you talked B. you talked about itC. which you talked with D. you talked about19. Is there anything to you?A. that is belo

47、nged B. that belongsC. that belong D. which belongs20. -“How do you like the book? ”-It s quite different from I read last month.”A. that B. which C. the one D. the one what21. Mr. Zhang gave the textbook to all the pupils except who had already takenthem.A. the ones B. ones C. some D. the others22.

48、 The train she was travelling was late.A. which B. where C. on which D. in that23. He has lost the key to the drawer the papers are kept.A. where B. in which C. under which D. which24. Antarctic we know very little is covered with thick ice all the year round.A. which B. where C. that D. about which

49、【戴氏勸學(xué)】Whatever is worth doing is worth doing well!25. It s the third time late this month.A. that you arrived B. when you arrivedC. that you ve arrived D. when you ve arrived26. It was in 1969 the American astronaut succeeded in landing on the moon.A. that B. which C. when D. in which27. May the fou

50、rth is the day we Chinese people will never forget.A. which B. when C. on which D. about which28. We are going to spend the Spring Festival in Guangzhou,live my grandparents and some relatives.A. which B. that C. who D. where29. The hotel during our holidays stands by the seaside.A. we stayed at B.

51、where we stayed atC. we stayed D. in that we stayed30. Is it in that factoryRed Flag cars are produced?A. in which B. where C. which D. that 31. It is the Suez Canal separates AsiaAfrica.A. which, to B. where, fromC. that, from D. that, with32. Under the bridge, however, almost directly below,was a small canoe, with a boy in it.A. there B. where C. it D. which33. He is not a fool.A. such, as he is looked B. such, as he looksC. as, as he is looked D. so, as he looks34. Is that the reason you are in favour of the proposal?A. which B. what C. why D. for that35. He must be fro