Unit-1-Geography-and-People

1、2021/8/21Geography and PeoplenKey factsnGeographical featuresnPeople of Ethnic Groups2021/8/22Key facts about AmericanFull name of the countrynHow many states are there in America? Which one is the largest and which one the smallest?n50 states. Alaska is the largest in area and Rhode Island the smal

2、lest. But Texas is the largest on the mainland.n3. What is the capital of America? nWashington DC.n4. What are there in the American Flag? And what do they stand for?n13 strips and 50 stars. 13 stands for the earliest 13 states of America and 50 stars represent the 50 states. n5. What is the nationa

3、l anthem of America?1.Star Spangled Banner2021/8/23Geographical features- location lThe USA lies in central America, except, with to its north, to its south, the to its east and to its west.lThe U.S has a land area of square kms. It is the largest country in the world in size after . Alaska and Hawa

4、iiCanadaMexico and Gulf of MexicoAtlantic OceanPacific Ocean9.5 millionFourthRussia, Canada and China 2021/8/242021/8/25lOther territories: , the Virgin Island in the Caribbean Sea, the Islands of Samoa and in the Pacific OceanPuerto RicoGuam2021/8/26Geographical features:Easter part: highlands by t

5、he Appalachian RangeWestern part: high plateaus and mountains (the Rocky mountains)The Great Plains in between2021/8/27nMountains:nThe Rockies: the backbone of the North American Continent, is also known as the Continental Divide(大陸分水嶺).nThe Appalachians: run slightly from the northeast to southwest

6、2021/8/28nThe rivers and lakes:nWhat is the longest river in the States? And what is it known as?nThe Mississippi River.” The father of waters” or “old man river”nThe five great lakes: nLake Superior, Lake Michigan, Lake Huron, Lake Erie and Lake MichigannThe Rio Grande River forms a natural boundar

7、y between Mexico and the United States.2021/8/29SIX geographical regions:n is made up of six states and famous for its long history and top universities and colleges such as Yale, Harvard, and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)nNew Englanders were originally knowsas Yankees, which came to s

8、tand for all American.New England2021/8/2102.The Midwest America is most important agricultural area .It is also a major manufacturing region and the nations leading center of heavy industry.nChicago, the largest and busiest port on the Great Lakes, is the largest industrial and commercial center of

9、 the area.nDetroit is known as the automobile capital of the world. Omaha is known as the agricultural capital of the United states. 3. Dry farming, irrigation, farming and the husbandry(畜牧業(yè)) are the main activities of the Great Plains of the American West.nColorado has been called the steel city of

10、 the west. Denvor is the largest city of the Great Plainsnthe largest groups of Native Americans are found on the Colorado Plateau.2021/8/211n have about one fifth of the total population of the united states.n mainly refers to California. It takes up 14% of American gross domestic product, due to i

11、ts abundant agricultural production, high tech industry (the Silicon Valley, where a lot of multi-international companies such as, etc. and well-known universities, such as Stanford, California University Berkeley, California Institute of Technology, etc. n is naturally good for crops, but recently

12、it develops quickly in aerospace, medicine, etc (Kennedy Space Center in Houston)The South WestThe South RegionThe mid-Atlantic States2021/8/212Major cities1. What is the largest city of the USA? How many boroughs does it have and what are they? Why is the city so important?A: New York. Five borough

13、s: Manhattan, Brooklyn, the Bronx, Staten Island and Queens. It is the commercial and financial center of America.2. After whom is the Washington DC named? And after whom is the city of Washington named What is it famous for?A: Christopher Columbus and George Washington. Government buildings such as

14、 White House, and museums and historical memorials such as Washington Monument, Lincoln Memorial, the Jefferson Memorial, etc. 3. In which city does the largest China Town locate? A: San Franciso.4. Which is the second largest city in the States? What is it well-known for?A: LA. For its film industr

15、y in Hollywood and tourist place such as Disney land.2021/8/2135. Which city is called “the windy city”? What is it famous for?Chicago. Sears Tower6. Which is “the space city” in the States? Why?Houston. It is where the Kennedy Space center locates2021/8/214People nThe United States of the American

16、is the most populous county in the world after . nDistribution:Most densely populated area: northeastern (it occupies of the total area but population lives there )The Plains area sparsely populatedThe South and West have relatively smaller population, except some large cities such as LA, Sac Franci

17、sco, etc.thirdChina and India2021/8/215nAlmost 20 million people or 7.8% of the total population were immigrants in 1992. 80% and 90% of immigration to the United States now is from Asian and Hispanic(西班牙的) countries. nThe first immigrantsin the American history came from England and Netherlands.202

18、1/8/216Immigrants nThree major immigration waves:1. 1820-1860 About 5million ,mainly from western and northern Europe, and black slaves from Africa2.1860-1880About 5 million, mainly from Europe, skilled workers as the Civil War ended, the country experiencing industrialization and require more labor

19、 force3. 1880-1920 the largest one in American historyAbout 23.5million，(the peak was in 1907 with 1.285 million in that single year)， from Europe and Asia2021/8/217在美國西進(jìn)步運(yùn)動中，中國勞工用血汗和生命為代價，在極其艱苦惡劣的條件下，出色地完成了橫貫美國東西的太平洋鐵路西段工程的建設(shè)。至今，在加利福尼亞州的鐵路沿線還可以看到一個中文題字的金屬牌匾，上書“加州鐵路，南北貫通。華裔精神，血肉獻(xiàn)功”。誠如招募華工的倡議者克羅克爾所說的

20、那樣：“這條鐵路能及時完成，在很大程度上要?dú)w功于貧窮而受鄙視的中國勞動階級歸功于他們的忠誠和勤勞?！边@句話后來成為美國移民史上著名的“一句話歷史”。二戰(zhàn)結(jié)束后，隨著美國民眾對移民態(tài)度的理性化，移民對美國的貢獻(xiàn)逐漸被大多數(shù)美國人所承認(rèn)。正如美國勞工部長趙小蘭所說：“美國要感謝移民的貢獻(xiàn)。巨大的移民浪潮給美國帶來了豐富的文化遺產(chǎn)，也給美國的發(fā)展提供了動力?！?9世紀(jì)70年代，大量華工來到美國加利福尼亞州修筑鐵路。圖為加州民眾樹立的銅雕“開路先鋒”，以紀(jì)念華工對經(jīng)濟(jì)繁榮做出的貢獻(xiàn)。 2021/8/218Ethnic GroupsnTraditionally, the mainstream American were called WASPs, that is ,White Anglo-Saxon Protestants.傳統(tǒng)上，美國人的主流是祖先為英國新教徒的白人nThe largest of the racial and ethnic minorities in the United States is the blacks who number about 12.1% of the population. The first b