2012年突破高考英語詞匯篇(100篇短文)(6-10篇)

1、第6篇Something in chocolate could be used to stopcoughsand lead to moreeffectivemedicines,sayUKresearchers.Theirstudy found that theobromine（可堿）,found in cocoa,was nearly a third more effective instopping coughs than codeine（可待因）,whichwas considered the best cough medicine at present.The Imperial（皇家的;

2、帝國的）CollegeLondon researchers whopublishedtheir results on li ne saidthediscoverycouldleadto more effective coughtreatme ntWhile coughing is not necessarilyharmfulit can have a majoreffecton thequalityof life,and this discovery could be ahugestep forward intreatingthis problem,said aprofessor.Ten he

3、althyvolunteerswere given theobromine,codeine or placebo（安慰齊 U） ,apill thatcontainsno medicine,duringtheexperiment.Neitherthe volunteers nor the researchersknew whoreceivedwhich pill,The researchers thenmeasuredlevelsof capsaicin（辣椒堿）,which is used in research tocausecoughing and as asignofhow well

4、the medicine are stopping coughs.The team found that,when the volunteerswere given theobromine,the capsaicinneed to produce a cough wasarounda third higher than in the placebo group.Whenthey were givencodeine they need onlyslightlyhigher levels of capsaicin to cause a coughcomparedwith the placebo.T

5、he researchers said that theobromine worked by keeping down a nerve activity（神經(jīng)活動）,whichcause coughing.They also found thatunlikesomestandardcough treatme nts,theobro mine causedn osideeffects（不良反應；副作用）such as sleep in ess.英國研究人員（researcher）說，巧克力（chocolate）中的某種成分可用于止咳（cough），并可用于 生產(chǎn)更有效的（effective）藥物

6、。他們研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，可可（cocoa）里所含的可可堿，其止咳療效比目前（at present）被認為是最有效的止咳藥的可待因還要高出約（nearly）三分之一。英國倫敦皇家學院（college）的研究人員在網(wǎng)上發(fā)布了（publish）研究結果，他們認為這項發(fā)現(xiàn)（discovery）會帶來（lead to）更有效的止咳治療（treatment）。一位教授說；雖然咳嗽不一定有害（harmful），卻有可能對生活的質量（quality）產(chǎn)生相當大的影響（effect）。這項發(fā)現(xiàn)是在這個問題的解決上向前（forward）邁出的一大步（a huge step）?！痹谝淮螌嶒灒╡xperiment）中，研究人

7、員給十名健康的（healthy）志愿者（volunteer）每人一片（pill）不含（not contain）西藥成分的藥片- 可可堿、可待因或寬心丸。志愿者和研究人員都不（neither）知道志愿者各自得到的是何種藥片。然后研究人員測量（measure） 了辣椒素的含量，在實驗中辣椒素的作用是誘發(fā)咳嗽并作為止咳療效的標志（sign）。通過對辣椒素水平的分析，研究小組發(fā)現(xiàn)服用可可堿的志愿者與服用寬心丸的志愿者相比，前者要吸 入濃度大約（around）高三分之一的辣椒素才能引發(fā)咳嗽。服用可待因的志愿者與服用寬心丸的志愿者相比（compared with/to），前者需要吸入的辣椒素濃度要稍高（s

8、lightly higher）于后者才可引發(fā)咳嗽。研究人員說，可可堿是通過控制引發(fā)咳嗽的神經(jīng)活動起作用。研究人員還表示，可可堿不同于（unlike）標準的（standard）止咳方法，可可堿對睡眠等并無任何副作用（side effects）。第7篇Without properplanning,tourismcan cause problems.For example,too many tourists cancrowdpublic places that are also enjoyed by the inhabitants（居民）of a co untry.If touristscreate

9、too muchtraffic,the in habita nts（居民）becomea nno yedand unhappy.They begin todisliketourists and totreat themimpolitely.Theyforgethow much tourism can help the countrys economy經(jīng)濟）to keep asteady in crease.It is important to think about the people of adestinationcountry and howtourismaffectsthem Tour

10、ism should help a country keep thecustomsand beauty thatattracttourists.Tourismshould alsoadva neethe well-be ing（health and happ in ess）oflocalin habita nts（居民）.Too much tourism can be a problem If tourism grows too quickly,people must leave other jobs towork in the tourismindustry.Thismeansthat ot

11、her parts of the countrys economy can suffer.On the other hand,if there is not eno ugh tourism,people can lose their jobs.Bus in ess can alsolose money. Itcosts agreat deal of mon ey to build largehotels,airports,airterm in als,first-classroads,and othersupportfacilities（設備；設施）n eeded by tourists at

12、tract ions.For example,a majorin ter nati onal-classtourism hotel can costas much as50thousanddollars perroom to build.If this room is not used most of the time,theownersof the hotel lose moneyBuilding a hotel is just abeginning.There must beamplesupport facilities as well,includingroads to get to t

13、he hotel,electricity,sewers（陰溝）tohandlewaste,and water.All of these supportfacilities cost money If they are not used because there are not eno ugh tourists,jobs and money arelost.沒有合適的規(guī)劃(plan)，旅游(tourism)可能會導致很多問題。例如，太多的游客(tourist)會涌向(crowd)本地居民休閑的公共場所。如果游客造成(create)交通(traffic)擁擠，會使當?shù)鼐用駮械綗?annoy)

14、。他們開始不喜歡(dislike)游客，并不禮貌地(impolitely)對待他們。他們忘記了(forget)旅游有助于國家經(jīng)濟保持穩(wěn)定增長(steady in crease)?？紤]旅游目的地(desti nation)的人民和旅游對他們的影響(affect)很重要。旅游應當有助于一個國家保持吸引(attract)游客的風俗(custom)和美麗，也應當提升(advanee)當?shù)?local)居民的福利水平(健康和幸福)旅游業(yè)過于旺盛可能會成為問題。如果旅游業(yè)增長過快，人民必然會放棄其他工作而致力于旅游行業(yè)(industry)。這意味著(mean)國家經(jīng)濟其他部分可能會遭受(suffer)損失

15、。另一方面，如果旅游業(yè)不好，人們可能會失去工作。企業(yè)效益也可能會減少。建造大型旅館(hotel)、機場(airport)、航空站(air terminal)，一級公路，以及吸引游客的其他輔助(support)設施需要花費(cost)大量(agreat deal of)資金。例如，一個大型國際(international)級別的旅館，每個(per)房間可能就需要 5 萬美元(dollar)。而如果這個房間在大部分時間里沒有游客使用，旅館的所有者(owner)就會遭受損失。建造旅館僅僅是一個開始（beginning），還有大量的（ample）配套設施，包括通往旅館的路，電（electricity）

16、，處理（handle）垃圾的下水道和水。所有這些都需要錢。如果這一切因為游客不足而沒 有得到使用，將會減少很多工作機會，而投入的成本也會打水漂。餡 a 苗第8篇Tomchews pens.Hebitesthem sohardthat his boss haswarnedhim to stop or buy his ownKatesweaknessis more acceptable（可以接受的）-she is unable to walk past acakeshop withoutovereating.Sophia,ananchorwoman 仙ds hercigarettehabit a

17、headache,while Alice,a ballet dancer,her thumb（ 拇指）-sucking drivesheraggressiveboy friendcrazy.Four people with very differenthabits,but they allshare acommoiproblem-anxiety disorderor,inserious cases,Obsessive CompulsiveDisorder（OCD（強迫癥）.From n ail-bit ing to too much ha nd-wash ing,overeat ing and

18、 internetaddicti on,OCDswidespreadin almost every workplace andcountlesshomes.It is a relatively（相對地;比較地）commonformof an xiety,says Dr.MooteeThe ma in feature（特征）of OCD is therepetiti on（重復）of unwan ted obsessive（強迫性的;過度的）thoughts such as worries that doors are leftuni ocked,gas or electrical applia

19、 nces（電器）are left onIn order to fight aga inst the addict ion anddisorders caused by these obsessi ons,an OCDsufferer performs some form of repetitive act such as han d-wash ing,check ing door locks and gas orelectrical appliances.Dr.Mootee says that repetitive（重復性的）wash ing,particularlyof the han d

20、s,is the most com montype of OCD She has treated manypatie ntswho wash their hands up to30times a day.ThetechniqueMootee uses to treat people with OCDis called cognitive-behavioral therapy（認知行為療法）.It isbasedon thegeneralidea that people have the ability to change the way they think andbehave,saysMoo

21、tee.But whe n does a habit become a problem? Itspers onal,says Mootee. Every one hassomethingunusual,but if you cant put up with it,then its a problem and you need to do something tochange it. ”Mootee says many people resist treatment because they fear they arecrazy. ”But aspeople become moreknowled

22、geableabout these problems they will go and get help.The only way tocureis to conquer（征服）.湯姆嚼（chew）鋼筆。他把它們咬（bite）得不成樣子，以至于他的老板警告（warn）他：要么停止，要么自己去買鉛筆。凱特的缺點（weakness）更容易讓人接受些（be more acceptable）她每次路過蛋 糕店都要把自己吃撐。 索菲亞，一個電臺的主持人（anchor），則發(fā)現(xiàn)自己吸煙的習慣（cigarette habit） 是件很頭疼的事（headache）。而艾麗斯，一位芭蕾舞（ballet）者，她吮

23、吸（suck）拇指的習慣快要把她上 進的（aggressive）男朋友逼瘋（drive sb.crazy）了。 這四個人有不同的習慣， 但他們面臨著共同的（common問題焦慮癥（anxietydisorder），或者在嚴重的情況下（in serious cases）-強迫性神 經(jīng)官能障礙。從咬指甲到過度洗手，暴飲暴食，網(wǎng)絡上癮（addiction），強迫性神經(jīng)官能障礙在每個工作單位和無數(shù)家庭（countless families）中都隨處可見。這是一個相對來說比較常見的焦慮癥表現(xiàn)形式（form）之一?！盡ootee博士說，“強迫性神經(jīng)官能障礙的主要特征就是不斷重復不必要的想法，比如懷疑門沒有

24、鎖，或是煤氣、電器(electrical即pliances)沒關。為了擺脫這種強迫性的焦慮，強迫性神經(jīng)官能障礙患者會重復某種行為，如洗手、檢查門鎖、煤氣或電器。Mootee博士說反復地清洗，特別是手，是強迫性神經(jīng)官能障礙中最常見的一種。她治療過很多一天 洗手 30 次以上的病人。Mootee用來治療他們的方法(technique)被稱作認知行為治療法。這種療法是建立在這樣一種普遍(general)認識的基礎(base)上，即人們有能力改變自己的思維和行為(behave)方式?！盡ootee說。但是，一種習慣在何時會成為問題呢？“這因人而異(11s personal)，”Mootee說，每個人都

25、有與眾不同的(unusual)地方，但是如果你自己都受不了了，那么它就是個問題了，這時你就需要做些什么 來改變它。Mootee說很多病人拒絕(resist)治療，因為他們咱自己“瘋了。但是當人們對這些問題 了解得更多(be moreknowledgeable about sth.)時，他們就會去尋求幫助。而唯一的治療(cure) 方法就是克服它。第9篇Many facts suggest that children are overweight and the situationis gettingworse,according to the doctors. I feel there are

26、 a number of reasons for this.Somepeople blame the fact that we are surrounded by shops selling unhealthy,fatty foods,suchas fried chicken and ice cream),at low prices This has turned out a whole generation of grown-ups whoseldom cook a meal for themselves If there were fewer of these restaurants th

27、en probably childrenwould buy less take-away food(外帶食品).There is another argument that blames parents for allowingtheir children tobecomeoverweight I approve of this,because good eating habits begin early in life,long before childrenstart to visit fast food0shops If children are given friedchicken a

28、nd chocolate rather than healthy food,or are always allowed to choose what they eat,they willgo for sweet and salty foods every time,and this will carry on throughout their lives.There is a third reason for this situationChildren these days take very littleexercise They do not walk to schoolWhen the

29、y get home they sit in front of thetelevisionor their computers and play computer games Not only is this an unhealthypastime(丫肖遣),it also gives them time to eat more unhealthy food What they need is to go outside andplay active gamesor sports like jogging,cyclingtennis,tabletennis(pin g-p on g),badm

30、 inton,bowli ng,baseball,football/soccer,volleyball and basketball.The above are the main reasons for this problem,and therefore we have to encourage youngpeople to be more active,as well as helping them get rid of bad eating habits.據(jù)醫(yī)生反應，很多事實 表明(suggest)孩子們超重(overweight)，而且情況正變得 更糟(worse)。 我感覺出現(xiàn)這種現(xiàn)

31、象有幾個方面的原因。一些人將其 歸咎(blame)于這樣一種事實一我們被以低價銷售 炸雞(fried chicken)、冰淇淋(ice cream)等各種不健康、高脂肪食品的商店所 包圍(surround)。這使得整整一代 成年人(grown-up) 很少為自己做(cook)飯。如果沒有這么多的 餐館(restaurants)，很可能(probably)孩子們就不會 買這么多外帶食品。還有一種論點(argument)認為父母應當為他們的孩子體重超重負責。我贊同(approve of)這一點。因為良好的飲食習慣是在早期養(yǎng)成的，在孩子們開始去快餐(fast food)店之前很久就開始了。如果孩子們

32、被給予炸雞或巧克力，而不是(rather than)健康食品，或者總是被允許挑選他們想要吃的東西，他們每次都會選擇 甜(sweet)和咸的(salty)食物，而且這種習慣會 貫穿一生(throughoutones life)。出現(xiàn)這種情況還有一個原因?，F(xiàn)在的孩子們運動的少。他們不步行去學校。到家時，就坐在電視或電腦(computer)前(front of)打電子游戲。這不僅是一種不健康的消遣方式，也給了孩子們吃更多 不健康食品的時間。他們需要的是走出去進行一些積極的(active)游戲或運動，如 慢跑(jogging)，騎自行車(cycli ng)，網(wǎng)球(te nnis)，乒乓球(table

33、tennis/pin g-p ong)，羽毛球(badm inton)，保齡 球(bowling)，棒球(baseball)，足球(football/soccer)，排球(volleyball)，籃球等。以上是導致超重的主要原因，因而(therefore)我們必須鼓勵(encourage)年輕人更加活躍，同時幫助他們擺脫(get rid of)不良飲食習慣。第10篇Below is adiscussion on a websiteStuck on a desertisland.Started on23rd April by Steve Posts(帖子)1-7of42Post1Steve US

34、AHi,every one.What would you miss most andleastif you were stuck on a desert island?For meit would be the changingseasonsin NewEngland.Iguessthis will soundstupidbut Id probably misstherain,too.I would nt miss gett ing up at six every day to go to work,though!By the way, dealing withpeople is the mo

35、st important aspect of my work.What about you?Post2Tomas GermanyGood question Steve,I think Id miss different types of bread,and shopping at the supermarket.Id miss the food most.What would I miss least?My mobile phone I d like to be completely quiet-at leastfor a little whilePost3Paola ItalyI would

36、 miss the compa nyof people because I know IJd like to have some on eto shareexperie nceswith.Id gomado n myow n And I sure would nt miss junk mail（垃圾郵件）-IPost4Miko JapanHi,I would miss Mangacartoon,the Internet and Japanese food,like sushi.I d also miss TVshows and shopp ing for clothes.In fact,Id miss everyth ing.I will beboredto death without anycompanionPost5Roger UKI would miss my daily newspaper and Listening to the news on TV and radio.Id feel very cut offif I did nt kno w what was happe ning in the world.What Id miss least would be traffic jams in the city,partic