英語(yǔ)作文段落寫作的有效方法-英語(yǔ)寫作技巧

1、英語(yǔ)作文段落寫作的有效方法 - 英語(yǔ)寫作技巧1. 比較與對(duì)照的基本定義比較 (comparison) 主要是指出兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上不同種類的共同點(diǎn) 或相似點(diǎn) (similarities) ，如人物、事物、地點(diǎn)、思想、觀點(diǎn)等。對(duì) 照 (contrast) 主要是指它們的不同點(diǎn) (difference) 。在大學(xué)英語(yǔ)中， 比較和對(duì)照法往往同時(shí)使用。寫作時(shí)，首先應(yīng)考慮要比較和對(duì)照的兩 個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的事物， 然后列一個(gè)表，發(fā)現(xiàn)這些事物的最主要特征， 相同的或類似的特征能夠比較，不同的特征能夠組成對(duì)照。例如：例 1.Punctuality is the main constituent of good ch

2、aracter.Aperson ， who is always in time for his appointment shows real considerationfor others.On the other hand， aperson who is always lateshows his selfishness and thoughtlessness and he is not worthy tobe friend with.( 本段對(duì) 守時(shí)(in time)與不能守時(shí)(late)的兩種不同的人實(shí)行了對(duì)照，用表示對(duì)照的連接詞“ On the otherhand ”實(shí)行了很好的連接。

3、)。例 2.Paintings and photographs have something in common.But there are also some differences between them.(這段很好地展示出本文將用比較與對(duì)照的方法實(shí)行寫作。 )Paintings and photographs are visual art forms.They both cancapture a specific moment for all time.A painting reflects the skilland talent of a painter， likewise the

4、quality of aphotograph canrepresent the skill and talent of a photographer.( 本段對(duì) paintingsand photographs 兩個(gè)不同的種類實(shí) 行了分析， 用連接詞 (both) 實(shí)行了很好的連接，用連接詞 (likewise) 用同樣的方式對(duì)它們的相同點(diǎn) (the skill and talent) 實(shí)行了比較 )。Photographs are created by using film ， a camera， and specialpaper.In contrast ， paintings are cr

5、eated with paint，brushes ，andcanvas.Photographs ， like paintings， are oftenframed and displayedon walls in homes and galleries.Both can vary in size.However，photographs are usually small enough tokeep in albumswhere they document family events. （ 本段比較和 對(duì)照法同時(shí)使用 ）。In conclusion, although paintings and

6、photographs are similarin some ways ， there are also some differences between them.（ 本段對(duì)本文的比較與對(duì)照實(shí)行了小結(jié) ）。2. 比較與對(duì)照的兩種基本寫作方法2.1 整體對(duì)比法 （one-side-at-a-time method）整體對(duì)比法：既先描述甲，再描述乙 （A1， A2， A3， .B1 ， B2， B3， .） 例 如大學(xué)英語(yǔ)作文“ Where to live In the City or inthe Countryside ” 第一段可描述幾點(diǎn)城市生活 （A1， A2， A3， .），第二段可描述

7、幾點(diǎn)農(nóng)村生活 （B1， B2， B3， .） ，用整體對(duì)比法寫作。例 3.Many people appreciate the conveniences of the city.（A）.The city has better transportation service and health care.Citydwellers can easily enjoy themselves in restaurants，departmentstores and concert halls.They are well-informed about what is goingon at home and

8、abroad ， and have the access to better education ， better jobs and more opportunities for business. （A1 ， A2， A3， .）But country life is also attractive. （B）.Country people are inclose contact with nature.They breathe fresh air and listen to thesong of the birds.They make friends with crops and trees

9、， cowsandsheep.And they enjoy the peace and calm of the pastoral environment.（B1 ， B2， B3， .）However， both the city and the country have their own disadvantages.The city ， despite all its good points ， may be a place toocrowded for people to live in.And urban citizens areoften underpressure ， worryi

10、ng over such problems as pollution crime and unemployment.（A1 ， A2，.）.As for rural inhabitants they are freefrom becoming layoffs all right ，yet they may find life far from thecity less convenient， and sometimes notas colorful or full of vigor.（B1，B2，.）2.2 逐項(xiàng)對(duì)比法 （point-by-point method） 逐項(xiàng)對(duì)比法： 既雙方同 時(shí)

11、描述， 逐點(diǎn)實(shí)行比較 （A1 ，B1;A2，B2;A3，B3.）例 4.Riding a bicycle has a lot of advantages over driving acar.First ， it is a physical exercise to ride a bicycle. （A1）.In contrast ，sitting in the car，one tends to gainweight.（B1）.Besides ，it ismuch more economical to ride a bike than drive a car.On the otherhand，th

12、e only fee a bike-riderhas to pay is the annual tax.However，the annual fees for acar are costly. （A2，B2）.On the otherhand ，a bike needn 't beequipped with a parking lot，but a carmust.（A3 ， B3）.Mostimportant of all，it is beneficial to the environmentto ridea bicycle because the bike doesn' t consume petrol;i tis apollution -free transport.In contrast，the