中考英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí)專題十五主謂一致語(yǔ)法專項(xiàng)突破+系統(tǒng)梳理+提升演練含解析人教新目標(biāo)版

1、語(yǔ)法專項(xiàng)突破_專題十五主謂一致主消二致是指謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和主語(yǔ)在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致,遵循三個(gè)原那么：語(yǔ)法一致、意義一致、就近一致.考點(diǎn)一語(yǔ)法一致原那么主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)通常是在語(yǔ)法形式上取得一致,即主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)形式時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也采用單數(shù)形式；主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)形式時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也采用復(fù)數(shù)形式.1 .當(dāng)and或both.and.連接兩個(gè)或三個(gè)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式.Tom and Mike are from the U . S.A.湯姆和邁克都來(lái)自美國(guó).Both Lucy and Lily are students.露西和莉莉都是學(xué)生.2 .不定代詞 either , neither , each one ,

2、thre other , another , anybody , anyone, anything , someone, somebody, something , everyone , everybody , everything , nobody, no one , nothing等作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù).Is there anything wrong with your watch?你的手表有什么毛病嗎？ No, there isn't. 不,沒(méi)有.Everyone is ready for the sports meeting.大家都為運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)做好了準(zhǔn)備.3 .由 each,

3、each.and each. , every , every.and every.作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式.Each boy and each girl was given a new book.給了每一個(gè)男孩和每一個(gè)女孩一本新書(shū).4 .主語(yǔ)后接有 with , along with , together with , as well as, including , besides , like , except , but等詞或短語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)由主語(yǔ)的單、復(fù)數(shù)形式?jīng)Q定.Mr.Green with his wife and two daughters is coming to Beij

4、ing.格林先生將和他的夫人及兩個(gè)女兒一塊兒來(lái)北京.5 . a number of +名詞復(fù)數(shù)作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；the number of +限定詞十名詞復(fù)數(shù)作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式.A number of trees were cut down.許多樹(shù)木被砍倒了.The number of the students in our class is 32.我們班的學(xué)生人數(shù)為 32.6 . “a lot of ( lots of , plenty of , a pile of , piles of , most of ) + 名詞 和 “分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)十名詞等作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單

5、復(fù)數(shù)取決于名詞,如果是不可數(shù)名詞, 那么謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；如果是可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),那么謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式.Lots of people have been there.彳艮多人去過(guò)刃BJL.7 .由“a pair (a kind , a series. ) + of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù) 形式；“pairs ( kinds. ) + of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式.A pair of sunglasses is lying on the table.一副太陽(yáng)鏡放在桌子上.Fifty pairs of shoes are made each day.每天能制作50雙鞋.

6、8 .某些只有復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞(如 clothes , trousers , shorts , pants , shoes , gloves.)作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式.My glasses were broken. 我的眼鏡壞了.9 .不定式或v.-ing形式作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式.Reading is learning.讀書(shū)就是學(xué)習(xí).Tosee is to believe.眼見(jiàn)為實(shí).考點(diǎn)二意義一致原那么意義一致又叫概念一致,即謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)要看主語(yǔ)所表達(dá)的概念.1 .由and連接的兩個(gè)名詞作主語(yǔ),如果是指同一概念(即and后面無(wú)冠詞),那么謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式.The tea

7、cher and writer is coming to give us a talk next week.那位老師兼作家下周要給我們作報(bào)告.The singer and dancer has been invited to the party.那位歌唱家兼舞蹈家被邀請(qǐng)參加了晚會(huì).2 .表示金錢(qián)、價(jià)格、時(shí)間、距離、長(zhǎng)度等復(fù)數(shù)名詞、詞組作主語(yǔ)時(shí),一般被看做一個(gè) 整體,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用單數(shù)形式.Three years _ is a long time.三年是一段很長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間.3 .集體名詞(如 family , team, crowd , company, class , group , governm

8、ent. ) 如果表示整體概念, 那么謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式, 如果表示集體中的成員, 那么謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形 式.My family are going on vacation next month.我們一家人下個(gè)月要去度假.My family is a small one with three people.我家是一個(gè)有三口人的小家庭.4 . people , police , cattle 等集合名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式.The police are helping a girl find her parents.警察正在幫助女孩找父母.People there are living

9、a happy life.那兒的人們生活得很快樂(lè).5 . one and a h =alf的后面要接復(fù)數(shù)名詞,作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式.One and a half cakes is a good meal for the monkey.一個(gè)半蛋糕對(duì)猴子來(lái)說(shuō)是一頓美餐.考點(diǎn)三就近一致原那么有時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式與靠近它的主語(yǔ)一致,這種原那么叫做就近一致原那么.1 .由 either.or. , neither.nor. , not only.but (also ). . , not.but. 或or連接兩個(gè)并列主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與較近的主語(yǔ)保持一致.Not only my parents but

10、 also I am looking forward to meeting my uncle.不但我父母而且我都盼望看到我叔叔.2 . There be.和Here be.這兩個(gè)句式中的動(dòng)詞be常與最近的主語(yǔ)在數(shù)上保持一致.There is a table with three legs in Tom's room.A. beB. areC. is2. 2022廣東佛山中考,25 Thanks to the organization , some money givento the poor children.A. wasB. wereC. are3. The shoes under

11、the desk Bruce's.A. isB. areC. has4. There lots of people at the restaurant when I got there.A. isB. wereC. are5. 一 Physics more difficult than Chinese, do you think so?Yes, I think so.A. isB. areC. has6. Two days enough for me to fi .nish the work.I need a third day.A.isn'tB.isC.aren't7

12、. I as well as you good at math.A.amB.isC.are8. My uncle's family a happy one.Now the whole family having abirthday party for my cousin.A. is ; areB. are ; isC. is ; is9. Neither my father nor my mother rock music.They think that it's tooA. like ; noiseB. likes ; noiseC. likes ; noisy10. The

13、 number of the books in the bookshop is about 10,000 and a number of them about science.A. isB. wasC. are11. One of my friends moved to America.I miss her so much.A. hasB. haveC . is12. Here some flowers and some money for you.A. isB. areC. have13. To collect stamps one of my hobbies.A. isB. areC .

14、were14. Each of the students a new MP4 now.A. haveB. hasC. are15. Mike with his brother listening to the mus= ic very much.A. likesB . likeC . liking16. Two thirds of the girls thirteren years old.A.isB.areC.has17. Walking after supper good for our health.A.isB.areC.have18. Everyone but my parents g

15、one to BeiJing.A. haveB . hasC . is19. This pair of shoes fifteenyuan.A. isB . areC. has20. The singer and writer from Japan.A. areB. isC. come21. Which would you like , tea or coffee?-Either OK , but I prefer coffee milk.A. is ; withB . is ; to C . are ; with22. He is a doctor and his brother is a

16、doctor, too.-You mean both he and his brother doctors, right?A. isB. beC . are23. The news very interesting ! Tell me more.A. isB. areC . were24. Everyone except Tom and John seen the film.A. isB. hasC. are25. The students who handed in homework , stand up , please.A. isn'tB . aren'tC. haven

17、't26. - Here some picture-books for you , Bob.Thank you a lot.A. amB. isC. are參考答案專題十五主謂一致 專題提升演練1. B there be 結(jié)構(gòu)的主語(yǔ)是 some books ,故be動(dòng)詞用are.2. A money是不可數(shù)名詞,故 be動(dòng)詞用was.3. B句意：桌子下面的鞋子是布魯斯的.主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)形式,因此謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為are.4. B there be結(jié)構(gòu)的謂語(yǔ)和最近的主語(yǔ)保持主謂一致,時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句為一般過(guò)去時(shí), 故主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般過(guò)去時(shí).答案為B項(xiàng).5. A physics “物理,在此容易被誤

18、當(dāng)作復(fù)數(shù)名詞,類似的還有maths.此類名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式.再由more difficult是形容詞故其前面的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為be動(dòng)詞.答案為A項(xiàng).6. A two days在此是一個(gè)整體概念,因此謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；再由句意“我還需要一 天,可知兩天對(duì)于完成這項(xiàng)工作不夠.7. A as well as連接兩個(gè)并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和其前面的一致.8. A 句意：我叔叔的家庭是一個(gè)幸福的家庭.現(xiàn)在整個(gè)家庭正在為我一的堂弟過(guò)生日.第一個(gè)family作為一個(gè)整體,因此謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)； 第二個(gè)family指家庭成員,因此謂語(yǔ) 動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù).9. C neither.nor連接并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和最近的主

19、語(yǔ)保持一致,故排除 A項(xiàng)；noise "噪音是名詞,不可被副詞too修飾；noisy "嘈雜的,喧鬧的“是形容詞,可以被副詞too修飾,故答案為 C項(xiàng).10. C由上一句的時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)可排除B項(xiàng),再由a number of引導(dǎo)的名詞短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)可排除A11. A one of. 作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該和one保持一致,而不是和 of后面的復(fù)數(shù)名詞或代詞保持一致,故可排除B項(xiàng)；再由時(shí)態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),故可確定答案為A項(xiàng).12. B句意：給你一些花和錢(qián).在“ here+ be +主語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)中,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù) 應(yīng)該與最近的一個(gè)保持一致.13. A句意：集郵是我的愛(ài)好之一.動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù).14. B句意：現(xiàn)在我們班里