人教版英語(yǔ)八年級(jí)上第4單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)

1、最新人教版八年級(jí)上冊(cè)英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)Unit4 Whats the best movie theater?一、重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)歸納111.movie theater電影院2.close to離近3.clothes store服裝店4.in town在鎮(zhèn)上5.so far到目前為止6.10 minutes by bus坐公共汽車10分鐘的路程7.talent show才藝表演8.in common共同；共有9.around the world世界各地；全世界10.more and more越來(lái)越11.and so on等等12.all kinds of各種各樣的13.be up to是的職責(zé)；由決定14.no

2、t everybody并不是每個(gè)人15.make up編造（故事、謊言等）16.play a role in在方面發(fā)揮作用/有影響17.for example例如18.takeseriously認(rèn)真對(duì)待 19.give sb. sth.=give sth. to sb.給某人某物e true=come into reality（夢(mèng)想、希望）實(shí)現(xiàn)；達(dá)到21.the biggest screens最大的熒屏22.be the closest to home 離家最近23.the shortest waiting time 最短的等候時(shí)間24.have the most comfortable se

3、ats 有最舒服的座位25.the best sound 最好的聲音26.buy clothes the most cheaply 買最便宜的衣服27.play the most boring songs播放最乏味的歌曲28.the worst music 最差的音樂(lè)29.the freshest food最新鮮的食物30.sit the most comfortably 坐得最舒服31.the best performer 最好的演員32.the most talented person 最有天賦的人33.more and more popular 越來(lái)越受歡迎34.have.in comm

4、on 有相同特征35.the funniest actors 最風(fēng)趣的演員36.play the piano the best 鋼琴?gòu)椀米詈?7.sing the most beautifully 唱得最美妙38.around 10 oclock 大約十點(diǎn)39.Chinas Got Talent 中國(guó)達(dá)人秀二、慣用法1.Can I ask you some?我能問(wèn)你一些嗎？如：Can I ask you some questions? (some用在疑問(wèn)句中表示委婉語(yǔ)氣、建議，不能換成any）2.How do you like? =What do you think of?你認(rèn)為怎么樣？如：H

5、ow do you like it so far? =What do you think of it so far?到目前為止你認(rèn)為它怎么樣？3.Thanks for doing sth.因做某事而感謝。如：Thanks for telling me. 謝謝你告訴我。4. the +序數(shù)詞+形容詞最高級(jí)+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù).“第幾的” 如：He is the second tallest boy in the class.5.much+ adj./adv.的比較級(jí) “得多”，即much可以修飾比較級(jí)。如：He is much better than other actors at finding t

6、he most interesting roles.他比其他演員更擅長(zhǎng)找到最有趣的角色。6.watch sb. do sth.觀看某人做某事如：Its always interesting to watch other people show their talents.觀看別人展示他們的天賦總是很有趣。7.play a role in doing sth.發(fā)揮做某事的作用/在做某事方面扮演重要的角色如：When people watch the show,they usually play a role in deciding the winner.當(dāng)人們觀看表演時(shí)，他們通常在決定冠軍方面發(fā)

7、揮作用。8. one of the +最高級(jí)+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) （意為“最.之一”，做主語(yǔ)時(shí)看做單數(shù))如：One of the longest rivers in China is the Yellow River.注意：“one of +形容詞性物主代詞/名詞所有格+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”=“a/an +可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+of+名詞性物主代詞/名詞所有格”如：one of my friends=a friend of mine我的一個(gè)朋友如：one of the boys habits=a habit of the boys這個(gè)男孩的一個(gè)習(xí)慣9.形容詞最高級(jí)與比較級(jí)的轉(zhuǎn)換，變成：形容詞比較級(jí)+than an

8、y other +單數(shù)名詞形容詞比較級(jí)+than the other + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞形容詞比較級(jí)+than anyone else如：Mike gets to school earlier than any other student in his class. = Mike gets to school earlier than any of the other students in his class. = Mike gets to school earlier than the other students in his class. = Mike gets to school earl

9、ier than anyone else in his class. = Mike gets to school earliest in his class.注意：Mike gets to school earlier than any student in Tom's class.三、重點(diǎn)單詞用法1. comfortable adj. 舒適的，舒服的，安逸的比較級(jí)：more comfortable 最高級(jí)：the most comfortable副詞：comfortably反義詞：uncomfortable2. seat n. 座位 take a seat = have a seat

10、 坐下take ones seat 就座如：Have a seat ,please. 請(qǐng)坐There are enough seats in the meeting-room.(會(huì)議室)vt. 及物動(dòng)詞，be seated 就座 =seat oneself 如：He seated himself comfortably on his chair.They are seated there.注意：seat/sit（從動(dòng)詞角度上區(qū)別）共同點(diǎn)：作為動(dòng)詞，都可以表示“坐”的意思。不同點(diǎn)：seat是及物動(dòng)詞，比較正式，常以被動(dòng)形式表示主動(dòng)意義，seat sb / oneself=be seated，主語(yǔ)

11、可以是人可以是物。如：He is seated between Jack and Tom.她坐在杰克和湯姆之間。Please be seated. (=Please seat yourself.) 請(qǐng)坐。He seated himself at the desk.他坐在做桌子旁。The room can seat forty people.房間可以容納40個(gè)人的座位。sit通常作不及物動(dòng)詞用，比較口語(yǔ)化，主語(yǔ)通常是人。如：The students are sitting at their desks.學(xué)生們正坐在課桌旁。Sit down, please. 請(qǐng)坐。另外，注意這兩個(gè)詞在作賓補(bǔ)時(shí)的不

12、同形式：When I came in I found him seatedsitting at the back.3. soundn. 聲音，指自然界的一切聲音 注意：sound/ voice/ noisevoice人的“嗓音”。noise不悅耳的噪音 sound指自然界的一切聲音v. 作為連系動(dòng)詞sound + 形容詞， 意為“聽(tīng)起來(lái)”如：The story sounds interesting.4. close adj. 近的(指時(shí)間或空間上的)，親密的 v. 關(guān)閉be close to 離近 be far from 離 遠(yuǎn)如：My home is very close to the sc

13、hool.You are my close friend.你是我最親密的朋友。Please close the door.注意：closed adj. 關(guān)著的 其反義詞：open如：The door is closed.門(mén)是關(guān)著的。5. ticket n. 票，券 a ticket to/ for sth. 一張的票相似地：a key to the door 門(mén)的鑰匙； the way to 去某地的路如：在回家的路上on the way home一張去動(dòng)物園的票a ticket to the zoo6.waitvi.不及物動(dòng)詞 wait for sb./sth. 等待某人/某物cant wa

14、it to do sth. 迫不及待做某事如：He is waiting for a bus他正在等公交車She is waiting for you at the bus station.她正在公交車站等你。I can't wait to open that box, wondering what's inside. 我迫不及待地打開(kāi)那個(gè)盒子，想看看里面是什么.注意：waiting time 等候時(shí)間 動(dòng)詞的-ing形式作定語(yǔ)，修飾名詞，表示被修飾詞的某種用途。 類似地：read-ing + room閱讀 房間= reading room 閱覽室swim-ming + poo

15、l游泳 水池= swimming pool 游泳池7. choose v. 選擇，挑選 過(guò)去式：chose ；過(guò)去分詞：chosenchoose (not) to do sth. 決定（不）做某事如：He chose not to go to the park.他決定不去公園了。其名詞：choice“選擇” make a choice 做選擇have no choice but to do sth.=have nothing but do sth. 除了做外別無(wú)他法/選擇如：He has no choice but to stay at home.他只能呆在家里。8. carefully ad

16、v. 細(xì)致地，小心地 care n. 小心 v. 在乎，關(guān)心careful adj. 小心的，認(rèn)真的。反義詞：careless 粗心的，馬虎的；carelessly adv. 疏乎地9. so far 到目前為止本意可以理解為用so加強(qiáng)far的意思，表示“如此遠(yuǎn)”。10. service n. 不可數(shù)名詞，“接待，服務(wù)”如：The menu had only 10 dishes and the service was not good at all.菜單上只有十樣菜，并且服務(wù)一點(diǎn)也不好。v. 服務(wù) serve sb. 為某人服務(wù) serve sb with sth=serve sth to s

17、b：拿出來(lái)款待某人 .如：Science serves the people.科學(xué)為人民服務(wù)。He served some sweets to the children.= He served the children with some sweets.他拿出糖果來(lái)款待孩子們。注意：servant n. 仆人11. pretty adv. 很，十分，相當(dāng) pretty good “相當(dāng)好”，只修飾形容詞的原級(jí)如：I think 970 AM is pretty good.(調(diào)幅970兆赫)adj. 漂亮的，通常說(shuō)女性，小孩或小的物品。如：She looks pretty.12. act v.

18、扮演（角色） 如：She acted/played an important part in the movie/film. 她在那部電影里扮演了一個(gè)重要的角色。n. 行動(dòng)如：an act of kindness好心的行為擴(kuò)展：action n. 行動(dòng)，活動(dòng) take action 采取行動(dòng)actor/ actress n. 男/ 女演員active adj. 積極的 take an active part in 積極參與actively adv. 積極地 activity n. 活動(dòng)13. meal n. 早（或午，晚）餐；一餐所吃的食物 如：3 meals a day一日三餐14. cre

19、ative adj. 有創(chuàng)造力的，創(chuàng)造性的比較級(jí)：more creative 最高級(jí)：the most creativecreate v. 創(chuàng)造，創(chuàng)作 creation n. 創(chuàng)造，創(chuàng)造物15. talent n. 天資，天賦，才藝talent show才藝表演have a talent in sth./for doing sth. 有某方面/ 做某事的天賦如：He has talent in English.I have a talent for persuading people into doing something.在說(shuō)服別人方面，我有天賦。I have a talent for w

20、riting.在寫(xiě)作方面我有天賦。拓展：talented adj. 有才能的，有才干的 be talented in doing sth 如：He is a very talented actor.他是一個(gè)很有天賦的演員。You are very talented in speaking English.你很有說(shuō)英語(yǔ)的天賦。16. performer n. 表演者，演員拓展：perform v. 執(zhí)行，表演 ；performance n. 行為，表演17. common n. 與相同 adj. 普遍的，共同的have sth. in common 在某方面（嗜好或觀念）有共同點(diǎn)如：He and

21、 his brother have nothing in common.他和他哥哥毫無(wú)共同點(diǎn)。如：We have common interests我們有共同的興趣。18. join v. 加入，參加（加入人群、團(tuán)體、組織和機(jī)構(gòu)等）拓展：join/join in/ take part in1)join：加入某黨派、某組織或某社會(huì)團(tuán)體，不可用join in。如： He will never forget the day when he joined the Party. 他永遠(yuǎn)也忘不了他入黨的那一天。 His brother joined the army three years ago. 他哥哥

22、是三年前參軍的。 join：還可解釋為“連接”。如： The railway joined the two cities. 鐵路把兩個(gè)城市連接起來(lái)了。 The two clauses are joined by a conjunction. 兩個(gè)分句由一個(gè)連詞連接起來(lái)。 2) join in：多指參加小規(guī)模的活動(dòng)如“球賽、游戲”等，常用于日?？谡Z(yǔ)。如： Come along, and join in the ball game. 快，來(lái)參加球賽。 Why didn't you join in the talk last night? 昨晚你為什么沒(méi)參加座談？ 注意：如果說(shuō)“與其人一起做

23、某事”，則用join sb. in sth. / doing sth. 。如： May I join in the game? 我可以參加這個(gè)游戲嗎？ Come and join us in the discussion. 來(lái)和我們一起討論吧！ We are having supper now. Would you like to join us? 我們正在吃晚飯，你也來(lái)和我們一起吃好嗎？ 3)take part in：參加(群眾性活動(dòng)、會(huì)議等)，往往指參加者持積極態(tài)度起一定作用。如： A great number of students took part in May 4 Movement

24、. 大批學(xué)生參加了五四運(yùn)動(dòng)。 All the students took an active part in the thorough cleaning. 所有的學(xué)生都積極參加了大掃除。 注意：take part in是慣用詞組，part前一般不用冠詞，但part前有形容詞修飾時(shí)，要用不定冠詞。如：Lincoln took an active part in polities and was strongly against slavery. 林肯積極參加政治活動(dòng)，強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)奴隸制。19.rolen.角色play an important role in sth./ doing sth. 在某事

25、當(dāng)中扮演重要角色；在做某事當(dāng)中發(fā)揮重要作用leading role 主角 role play 角色扮演如：When people watch the show, they usually play a role in deciding the winner.當(dāng)人們觀看表演時(shí)，他們通常在決定冠軍方面發(fā)揮作用。20. life n. 生命，生活 ；復(fù)數(shù)：lives拓展：live /liv/ v. 居住 ；第三人稱單數(shù): lives（live /laiv/ 作形容詞用，指現(xiàn)場(chǎng)直播）如：現(xiàn)場(chǎng)直播live show21. make up 編造（故事，謊言等）。如：make up lies 編造謊言補(bǔ)上，

26、補(bǔ)足；如：make up the time 補(bǔ)上這段時(shí)間組成，占；如： make up a team 組建一個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)化妝；如： make up your face 給你的臉化妝; make sb./oneself up給某人/自己化妝和解；言歸于好彌補(bǔ)，補(bǔ)償make up for被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：be made up 被編造；be made up of= consist of 由組成make up ones mind to do sth. 下決心做某事如：Some think that the lives of the performers are made up.有些人認(rèn)為這些表演者的生活是編造的如：

27、The story is made up.這個(gè)故事是虛構(gòu)的。如：They'll do all they can to make up the economic losses.他們要盡一切力量彌補(bǔ)這些經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。如：The committee is made up of six women.委員會(huì)由六位婦女組成。如：This made up 15%of their total income.這是他們總收入的百分之十五。如：She makes herself up every morning.她每天早上都要化妝。如：She is coming to make up with you.她是來(lái)與

28、你和解的。如：His intelligence made up for his lack of personal charm.他的智慧彌補(bǔ)了他的容貌缺陷。如：I made up my mind not to tell them what had happened. 22. poor adj. 貧窮的，可憐的，差的，不擅長(zhǎng)的如：貧困的孩子 poor children注意：the poor 表示貧窮的一類人，意為“窮人、貧民”如：The poor now live a happy life窮人現(xiàn)在過(guò)上幸福的生活了。23. seriously adv. 嚴(yán)重地；嚴(yán)肅地；認(rèn)真地take sth. se

29、riously 認(rèn)真對(duì)待某事如：However, if you dont take these shows too seriously, they are fun to watch.然而，如果你對(duì)這些節(jié)目不太認(rèn)真對(duì)待，它們觀看起來(lái)還是很有趣的。24. fun n.& adj. 有樂(lè)趣be fun to do sth. 做某事有樂(lè)趣have fun doing sth. 做某事很愉快make fun of 與某人開(kāi)玩笑 如：However, if you dont take these shows too seriously, they are fun to watch.然而，如果你對(duì)這

30、些節(jié)目不太認(rèn)真對(duì)待，它們觀看起來(lái)還是很有趣的。如：Did you have fun visiting that country?參觀那個(gè)國(guó)家，你們快樂(lè)嗎？如：Don't make fun of others.25. crowded adj. 擁擠的 be crowded with 擠滿如：Crowded conditions favour the spread of disease. 擁擠的條件便于疾病傳播。如：The arena was crowded with thousands of spectators.競(jìng)技場(chǎng)中擠滿了數(shù)千名觀眾。拓展：crowd n. 群眾

31、a crowd of 一群如：The crowd cheered the speaker.群眾向演說(shuō)者歡呼起來(lái)了。四、難句解析1. -Whats the best clothes store in town?城里最好的的服裝店是哪家？ -I think Millers is the best.我覺(jué)得米勒的服裝店是最好的。解析：此句中best 是good 的最高級(jí)形式，其前應(yīng)加定冠詞the。in town 在城鎮(zhèn)，town前加不加任何冠詞或修飾成分。但是in the city 在城市；in the country在鄉(xiāng)村，在農(nóng)村。city/country前加定冠詞the。如：D

32、o you like living in town or in the city?你喜歡住在城鎮(zhèn)還是住在城市里？Go to town去鎮(zhèn)上。Go to the city去城里此句中 Millers 是名詞所有格的形式，表示場(chǎng)所、店鋪等意義。如：the barbers 理發(fā)店the doctors 診所my uncles 我叔叔家clothes 本身是復(fù)數(shù)形式，后面動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)。Clothing 是復(fù)合名詞，衣服的總稱，沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式，后面動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)。如：The clothes in that shop are expensive. 那家店的衣服貴。All the clothing in the

33、 shop is very cheap. 這家店里的衣服很便宜。2. It has the most comfortable seats. 它有最舒適的座位。3.You can sit the most comfortably because they have the biggest seats.因?yàn)樗鼈冇凶畲蟮淖凰阅憧梢宰米钍娣＝馕觯篶omfortable 為形容詞，意為“舒適的”，用來(lái)修飾seats。most comfortable 是它的最高級(jí)形式，在句中使用時(shí)，要在其最高級(jí)前加the.Comfortably 為comfortable的副詞，意為“舒服地；舒適地”，用來(lái)修飾它前

34、面的sit，most comfortably 是它的最高級(jí)形式。在句中使用時(shí)，其最高級(jí)前可以加the也可以不加。類似的詞在本單元還有許多。例如：beautifulbeautifully，cheapcheaply，carefulcarefully等4. Its the closest to home. 它離家最近。解析：1)close 在此句中為形容詞，意為“近的，接近的”，既可指時(shí)間，也可以指空間上的。closest 為形容詞 close的最高級(jí)形式。其反義詞為far, 近義詞為near。在表達(dá)“離近”時(shí)，用（be）close to 結(jié)構(gòu)。如：The post office is close

35、to the park. 郵局離公園近。He sat close to us. 他挨著我們坐。be close to home.離家近拓展：close/nearclose與near都意為“近的”，但close比near表達(dá)的距離更近，相當(dāng)于very near，可以近至幾乎相接觸，而near意為“附近的；鄰近的。”如：My home is near our school.我家離我們學(xué)校很近。close還是一個(gè)動(dòng)詞，意為“關(guān)；關(guān)閉”。其反義詞為open。例如：Please close the windows before leaving. 離開(kāi)前請(qǐng)將窗戶關(guān)上。Dont close your eye

36、s, please. 請(qǐng)不要閉上眼睛。close還可意為“親密的”如：You are my close friend.你是我最親密的朋友。2）home 在這里為名詞，意為“家”.注意：包含“愛(ài)；溫暖；舒適；安全”等意義，通常不用冠詞修飾。如：Home is where the heart is.心在哪里，哪里就是家。練一練1). The store is the _to my home. I often do shopping in it.A. Near B. closest C. farthest D. closes2). David ,where do you live? Its_ Tai

37、shan.A. Close from B.closing to C.close to D.far to 3). My home is _our school, so I have to take the bus.A. Far from B.closed to C. Far to D.near.5.Its always interesting to watch other people show their talents.觀看別人展示他們的天賦總是很有趣。解析：Its interesting to do sth. 意思是 “做某事有趣”，它是Its +adj+to do sth.句型的一種形式

38、，it 作形式主語(yǔ)，to do sth.是真正的主語(yǔ)。如：Its very interesting to play computer games.玩電腦游戲很有趣。watch 在句中是感官動(dòng)詞。watch sb.do sth. 意為“觀看某人做了某事或經(jīng)常觀看某人做某事”，強(qiáng)調(diào)“觀看動(dòng)作的全過(guò)程”。如：I watched them play football the whole afternoon.整個(gè)下午我在看他們踢足球。watch sb.doing sth. 則表示“觀看某人正在做某事”強(qiáng)調(diào)“動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行”。如：Im watching them playing football. 我正在觀

39、看他們踢足球。hear，see, feel, notice 等感官動(dòng)詞的用法與watch一致。例如：I saw him get on the bus. 我看見(jiàn)他上了公共汽車。（動(dòng)作已完成）I saw him getting on the bus. 我看見(jiàn)他正在上公共汽車。（動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行)注意：后接不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式做賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：三眼，兩耳，一注意，加上三個(gè)小使役，半個(gè)help莫忘記。即：三眼：look at, see, watch兩耳：hear, listen to 一注意：notice三個(gè)小使役：have , let , makehelp后面的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓補(bǔ)時(shí)，to可有可無(wú)。練一練 1

40、). I saw my father_ . It made me _better.A.smiling; to feel B.smile; feeling C.smile ; feel D.smile; to feel2). The young woman watched her daughter_ a yo-yo yesterday afternoon.A.to play B.to play with C.playing with D.played3). I often hear her_ in the room.A.sing B.sang C.singing D.to sing4). Its

41、 nice of you _me with my math.A.help B.helping C.to help D.helped6. Thanks for telling me. 謝謝你告訴我。解析：Thanks for doing sth.因做某事而感謝。=Thank sb. for doing sth.如：-Thanks a lot for your help.非常感激你的幫助。-You are welcome.7. No problem解析：不用客氣（主要用于美國(guó)英語(yǔ)）；沒(méi)問(wèn)題。如：-Thank you.- No problem/Not at all/ You are welcome.

42、如：-Could you post me for this letter?- No problem.8.All kinds of people join these shows.各種各樣的人都可參加這些表演。解析：1)all kinds of 意為“各種類型的，各種各樣的”，kind此處作可數(shù)名詞，意為“種類，類別”，different kinds of，意為“不同種類的”。如：Now, parents always make their children take part in all kinds of activities.現(xiàn)在,父母總是讓孩子參加各種各樣的活動(dòng)。如：There are

43、many different kinds of animals in the zoo.動(dòng)物園里有許多不同類型的動(dòng)物。拓展：kind of ,意為“有點(diǎn)兒”=a little.修飾形容詞或副詞。如：I feel kind of hungry.我感覺(jué)有點(diǎn)餓。kind作形容詞，意為“和藹的”，be kind to “對(duì)和藹”如：She is very kind to children.她對(duì)孩子們非常和藹。2) join，v. 加入，參加（加入人群、團(tuán)體、組織和機(jī)構(gòu)等）拓展：join/join in/ take part injoin：加入某黨派、某組織或某社會(huì)團(tuán)體，不可用join in。如： He

44、will never forget the day when he joined the Party. 他永遠(yuǎn)也忘不了他入黨的那一天。 His brother joined the army three years ago. 他哥哥是三年前參軍的。 join：還可解釋為“連接”。如： The railway joined the two cities. 鐵路把兩個(gè)城市連接起來(lái)了。 The two clauses are joined by a conjunction. 兩個(gè)分句由一個(gè)連詞連接起來(lái)。 join in：多指參加小規(guī)模的活動(dòng)如“球賽、游戲”等，常用于日常口語(yǔ)。如： Come alon

45、g, and join in the ball game. 快，來(lái)參加球賽。 Why didn't you join in the talk last night? 昨晚你為什么沒(méi)參加座談？ 注意：如果說(shuō)“與其人一起做某事”，則用join sb. in sth. / doing sth. 。如： May I join in the game? 我可以參加這個(gè)游戲嗎？ Come and join us in the discussion. 來(lái)和我們一起討論吧！ We are having supper now. Would you like to join us? 我們正在吃晚飯，你也來(lái)

46、和我們一起吃好嗎？ take part in：參加(群眾性活動(dòng)、會(huì)議等)，往往指參加者持積極態(tài)度起一定作用。如： A great number of students took part in May 4 Movement. 大批學(xué)生參加了五四運(yùn)動(dòng)。 All the students took an active part in the thorough cleaning. 所有的學(xué)生都積極參加了大掃除。 注意：take part in是慣用詞組，part前一般不用冠詞，但part前有形容詞修飾時(shí)，要用不定冠詞。如：Lincoln took an active part in polities and was strongl