2014年版高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解二輪題目型專練1

1、閱讀理解A體裁科普文題材地球變暖詞數(shù)381Move EarthIts Not Science FictionLONDONScientists have found an unusual way to prevent our planet from overheating: move it to a cooler spot. All you have to do is send a few comets(彗星)in the direction of Earth, and its orbit will be changed. Our world will then be sent spinning

2、 into a safer, colder part of the solar system. This idea for improving our climate comes from a group of US National Aeronautics and Space Administration(NASA)engineers and American astronomers. They say their plan could add another six billion years to the useful lifetime of our planeteffectively

3、doubling its working life. The plan put forward by Dr. Laughlin, and his colleagues Don Korycansky and Fred Adams, needs carefully directing a comet or asteroid so that it passes close by our planet and sends some of its gravitational energy to Earth. “Earths orbital speed would increase as a result

4、 and we would move to a higher orbit away from the Sun, ”Laughlin said. Engineers would then direct their comet so that it passed close to Jupiter or Saturn. The comet would pick up energy from one of these giant planets. Later its orbit would bring it back to Earth, and the process would be repeate

5、d. In the short term, the plan provides an ideal way to global warming, although the team was actually concerned with a much greater danger. The Sun is certain to heat up in about a billion years and so“seriouslycompromise”our biosphere(生物圈)by cooking us. Thats why the group decided to try to save E

6、arth. The plan has one or two worrying aspects, however. For a start, space engineers would have to be very careful about how they directed their asteroid or comet towards Earth. The smallest miscalculation(誤算)in orbit could fire it straight at Earthwith deadly consequences. There is also the questi

7、on of the Moon. As the current issue ofScientific Americanmagazine points out, if Earth was pushed out of its current position, it is“most likely the Moon would be stripped away from Earth”. This would greatly change our planets climate. 1. What makes the scientists plan to move Earth? A. A few come

8、ts are moving to the direction of Earth. B. Earths working life is coming to an end soon. C. Earth will become too hot for mankind to keep alive. D. The moon is moving farther and farther away from Earth. 2. If the plan is successful, Earth will have a working life ofyears. A. 12 billionB. 6 billion

9、C. 18 billionD. 24 billion3. What serious problems might the plan cause according to the passage? A. The comet might hit Earth and man might lose the Moon. B. Earth might be moved too far away and man might be frozen to death. C. The comet might hit Jupiter or Saturn and never return to Earth. D. Ea

10、rths working life might be greatly shortened. 4. What does the underlined word“compromise”mean? A. Provide. B. Benefit. C. Share. D. Endanger. B(2013·揚(yáng)州模擬)體裁記敘文題材梅西介紹詞數(shù)378Every time Lionel Messi breaks a record, it seems appropriate to compare him to the legends that came before him. In 2012, h

11、e rewrote soccer history on multiple occasions, and his latest record came when he scored his 86th goal of the calendar year, breaking Gerd Mullers previous mark, before wrapping up the year with 91 goals. All statistics indicate that Messi is currently the best player in the world, and that he will

12、 go down in history as the top footballer of his generation. But when he is judged against all-time greats like Pele and Diego Maradona, he still has work to do. We dont know whether the Barcelona striker will have another year in which he records more than 90 goals, but he must still sustain(維持)a s

13、imilar level of production for the next several seasons. Messi has already taken part in three of Barcelonas victorious Champions League(冠軍聯(lián)賽)campaigns, and he played an important role in two of them. In order to firmly establish himself as the greatest club football player in history, he must win t

14、he tournament a few more times. Most importantly, the Argentine(阿根廷人)needs to win on the international stage. Regardless of what Messi does for Barcelona, his legacy will be incomplete if he cannot win the World Cup with Argentina. Both Pele and Maradona led their countries to the top of internation

15、al soccer during their careers, and Messis performances for his country have been severely disappointing. While he was still a teenager in 2006-and his lackluster(平淡的)showing is excusable due to his youth-he cannot brush off the disappointment that characterized Argentinas performance in 2010. But t

16、he 4-0 loss to Germany in the 2010 World Cup Quarter Final seems to have sparked Messi. He scored 12 times for Argentina last year, and the next World Cup could finally be Messis breakout performance in blue and white stripes. Due to all of his accomplishments, it is easy to forget that the extraord

17、inary footballer is just 25 years old. If he can avoid injury or lengthy slumps(低潮狀態(tài))until his speed and skills start to decline due to age, he may continue to break records and win trophies. 5. What will Messi have to do in order to be complete in his soccer career? A. He must win the World Cup wit

18、h Argentina. B. He must win the tournament a few more times. C. He must defeat Pele and Maradona. D. He must avoid injury or lengthy slumps. 6. How was Messis performance in 2010 World Cup? A. Excellent. B. Inspiring. C. Disappointing. D. Normal. 7. What can we infer from the passage? A. Messi has f

19、irmly established himself as the greatest club soccer player in history. B. Messi will try his best to win the next World Cup with Argentina. C. Messi can avoid injury and lengthy slumps to break records and win trophies. D. Pele and Maradona led their countries to the top of international soccer du

20、ring their careers. 8. What is the best title of the passage? A. Lionel Messi, the Best Soccer Player of All TimeB. Lionel Messi, the Greatest Soccer Player in HistoryC. Barcelona and Lionel MessiD. World Cup and Lionel MessiC(2013·南京模擬)體裁說(shuō)明文題材旅游指南詞數(shù)326No matter which tourist destination you vi

21、sit, chances are youll see Lonely Planet guidebooks in the hands of travelers. Lonely Planet is one of the worlds largest travel guide brands, publishing more than 500 different guides in eight languages. This year marks the companys 40th anniversary. The popular brand also produces television shows

22、, websites and podcasts, all dedicated to travel. Some people praise Lonely Planet books because they make traveling easy and affordable. They save you time and keep you from missing the very best things in a place. And of course, their reviews of hostels, hotels and restaurants, in addition to tick

23、et information about your destination, are useful. This can be great if youre a nervous traveler, or if you havent traveled by yourself before. If youre in a country where you dont speak the language, sometimes theres nothing better than getting into a taxi and opening up a guidebook. You simply poi

24、nt to a map, directing the taxi driver to a hostel thats cheap and clean, with friendly staff and cold beer. But others criticize Lonely Planet and other travel guide publishers. They say guidebooks take the fun and spontaneity(自發(fā)性)out of traveling, and that part of the enjoyment of travel comes fro

25、m the fact that anything can happen. They also lament(哀嘆)that if you follow a guidebook, youll end up doing the same things and having the same experiences as everyone else. You might end up seeing the same group of people over and over, because everyone is reading the same book and following the sa

26、me trail. Another criticism of travel guides is that they have an overly(過(guò)度的)large influence on local communities. For example, some locals dedicate their lives solely(僅僅)to behaving in ways that attract tourists. Theyfakea traditional lifestyle, wear traditional clothes and live in traditional hous

27、es just to attract touristsdollars. 9. The Lonely Planet guidebook can bring you the following advantages EXCEPT that. A. it can help you to save time and money when travelingB. you will not miss the best things without having to make choicesC. it provides a lot of useful information about your dest

28、inationD. you can easily find a nice place to stay in a strange city10. Who will find a Lonely Planet guidebook very useful? A. Someone who always takes a taxi when traveling. B. A tourist who likes to repeat othersexperiences. C. A person whos nervous touring an unfamiliar place. D. A native travel

29、er who is traveling alone. 11. People criticize the guidebook because. A. the guidebook is not as useful as most travelers expectB. travelers using it will be bored with meeting the same people on their journeyC. travelers using it may not get the chance to have unexpected adventuresD. local people

30、keep their old lifestyle under the guidebooks influence12. What does the underlined word“fake”in the last paragraph probably mean? A. mistakeB. learnC. pretendD. create13. What do we know about the“The Lonely Planet guidebook”from the text? A. It is a world-famous brand that only produces guidebooks

31、 for travelers. B. It is popular around the world providing travelers with guidance in several languages. C. It influences many travelerstraveling experiences but is of no use to local people. D. The writer loves it very much because of the convenience it brings to travelers. 【拓展訓(xùn)練】1. 從閱讀理解A中找出以下短語(yǔ)并

32、寫(xiě)出它們的意義。(1)in the direction of_(2)put forward_(3)as a result_(4)pick up_(5)point out_2. 翻譯并仿寫(xiě)下列閱讀理解A中的句子。(1)All you have to do is send a few comets in the direction of Earth, and its orbit will be changed. 翻譯: _仿寫(xiě): 學(xué)生所要做的一切就是努力學(xué)習(xí), 那樣他們就會(huì)在將來(lái)有所建樹(shù)。_(2)The Sun is certain to heat up in about a billion ye

33、ars and so“seriously compromise”our biosphereby cooking us. 翻譯:_仿寫(xiě): 抽煙對(duì)你的健康一定有害處。_答案解析【文章大意】科學(xué)家們找到了一種非同尋常的阻止地球過(guò)熱的方法。1. 【解析】選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章首句說(shuō)科學(xué)家們找到了一種非同尋常的辦法防止地球過(guò)熱, 第六段又提供了解決地球變暖問(wèn)題的理想辦法, 但科學(xué)家們真正關(guān)心的是更大的危險(xiǎn): 大約十億年以后太陽(yáng)肯定會(huì)更炙熱, 以至于將人類化為灰燼。2. 【解析】選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段末句可知答案。注意關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ): another six billion years, doubli

34、ng its working life。3. 【解析】選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。最后兩段分別指出該計(jì)劃可能帶來(lái)的兩大惡果: 一是萬(wàn)一軌道計(jì)算出錯(cuò)會(huì)使被控星體撞向地球, 二是地球脫離原軌道后很可能會(huì)失去月球, 從而導(dǎo)致氣候巨變。4. 【解析】選D。詞義猜測(cè)題。本題可用排除法排除不符合文意的答案。句意: 大約十億年以后太陽(yáng)肯定會(huì)更加炙熱, 從而嚴(yán)重?fù)p害地球的生物圈把人類化為灰燼! 【文章大意】本文介紹了足球明星梅西到目前為止在足球方面取得的成就, 以及他今后要努力的方向。5. 【解析】選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第六段“his legacy will be incomplete if he cannot w

35、in the World Cup with Argentina”可知。6. 【解析】選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第三段“he cannot brush off the disappointment that characterized Argentinas performance in 2010”可知。7. 【解析】選B。推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第六、七段可知。8. 【解析】選A。主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章主要介紹了球星梅西的經(jīng)歷和成就, 故選A?！疚恼麓笠狻勘疚慕榻B了世界最大的旅游指南品牌之一的Lonely Planet以及人們對(duì)它的評(píng)價(jià)。9. 【解析】選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章的第三、四段講述了人們喜愛(ài)The Lonely Planet guidebook的理由, A、C、D都可以找到相應(yīng)的出處, 只有選項(xiàng)B, 前部分“you will not miss the best things”是正確的, 但后部分“without having to make choices”和文章相違背, guidebook列出很多東西同樣要選擇。10.【解析】選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段if youre a nervous traveler可以確定C正確。A和D是對(duì)第四段中有關(guān)in a country where you dont spe