二年級(jí)下冊(cè)《學(xué)習(xí)除法豎式》

1、 學(xué)習(xí)除法豎式教學(xué)內(nèi)容：教材第62頁(yè)例3及相關(guān)內(nèi)容。教學(xué)目標(biāo)：1通過(guò)操作、觀察、對(duì)比等活動(dòng)，掌握有余數(shù)除法豎式的書(shū)寫(xiě)方法，知道除法豎式中每個(gè)數(shù)的名稱，并理解除法豎式中每個(gè)數(shù)的含義。2通過(guò)溝通平均分小棒、語(yǔ)言描述、列除法橫式、書(shū)寫(xiě)除法豎式之間的關(guān)系，使學(xué)生感受有余數(shù)除法的多種表征方式，體會(huì)事物間的普遍聯(lián)系。3在學(xué)習(xí)的過(guò)程中，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生初步的觀察、分析和概括能力，學(xué)會(huì)與人合作，并能與他人交流思考的過(guò)程和結(jié)果。目標(biāo)解析：本課教學(xué)目標(biāo)的定位是基于學(xué)生已掌握了有余數(shù)除法的意義的基礎(chǔ)之上。通過(guò)平均分小棒的操作活動(dòng)，溝通平均分小棒的操作過(guò)程與除法豎式之間的關(guān)系，幫助學(xué)生在直觀操作的基礎(chǔ)上理解有余數(shù)除法豎式的書(shū)

2、寫(xiě)方法，理解除法豎式中每個(gè)數(shù)的含義。教學(xué)重點(diǎn)：掌握除法豎式的書(shū)寫(xiě)方法以及理解除法豎式中每個(gè)數(shù)的含義。教學(xué)難點(diǎn)：理解除法豎式中每個(gè)數(shù)的含義。教學(xué)準(zhǔn)備：課件，每個(gè)學(xué)生準(zhǔn)備13根小棒。教學(xué)過(guò)程：    一、操作交流，溝通聯(lián)系    （一）出示題目，明確題意。    1出示：13根小棒，每4根分一組，結(jié)果怎樣？    2讀題明確題意。    (二)交流方法，體會(huì)意義。1平均分小棒。（1） 學(xué)生動(dòng)手?jǐn)[小棒。（2） 交流擺小棒的方法和結(jié)果。（3）老師在視頻投影儀上演示擺小棒，其余學(xué)生仔細(xì)

3、觀察。（4）引導(dǎo)學(xué)生了解分小棒的過(guò)程。2、圈一圈（1）學(xué)生在練習(xí)紙上畫(huà)小棒圈一圈，結(jié)果怎樣。（2）學(xué)生反饋，師課件演示。 一共擺多少根小棒？（13根） 按幾根圈一個(gè)圈？（4根圈一個(gè)圈） 圈了幾個(gè)圈？是多少根小棒？還剩幾根？ （3）學(xué)生完整地說(shuō)一說(shuō)分小棒的過(guò)程。 3列橫式計(jì)算。   （1）根據(jù)學(xué)生匯報(bào)教師板書(shū)：13÷4=3（組）1（根） （2）引導(dǎo)學(xué)生說(shuō)出13、4、3、1各表示什么意思？ （3）13÷4=3（組）1（根）這個(gè)算式表示什么意思？二、探究算法，明確含義    （一）整體感知豎式的寫(xiě)法。 113根小棒，每4

4、根分一組，它的結(jié)果除了用擺、畫(huà)、列橫式表示，我們還可以寫(xiě)成除法的豎式。2出示除法豎式，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生觀察。3思考后討論。（1）這個(gè)除法豎式中的每個(gè)數(shù)都有名字，你知道它們叫什么嗎？學(xué)生可能會(huì)知道13叫被除數(shù)，4叫除數(shù)，3叫商，1叫余數(shù)。（2）重點(diǎn)引導(dǎo)學(xué)生理解：12是4和3的積，也就是除數(shù)和商的積。（二）借助直觀理解豎式每個(gè)數(shù)的含義。1  建立圖形表征、語(yǔ)言表征、符號(hào)表征三者之間的聯(lián)系    師生共同對(duì)照平均分小棒的過(guò)程，一邊分，一邊口述，同時(shí)寫(xiě)出除法豎式。2溝通平均分小棒與豎式計(jì)算之間的關(guān)系（1）教師板書(shū)：“”這個(gè)符號(hào)表示除號(hào)。（2）繼續(xù)板書(shū) ：“”，被除數(shù)13

5、表示有13根小棒，除數(shù)4表示每4根一組?！啊北硎臼裁匆馑?？（3）請(qǐng)學(xué)生按要求把13根小棒，每4根分一組，再重新分一分。（4）結(jié)合分小棒師生交流，完成豎式的書(shū)寫(xiě)。結(jié)果是可以分成3組，3寫(xiě)在哪里？為什么寫(xiě)在個(gè)位？ 要分13根小棒，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)分掉了多少根？你是從哪里知道已經(jīng)分掉了12根的？這個(gè)“12”寫(xiě)在哪里？表示什么意思？它是怎樣算出來(lái)的？ 我們?cè)凇?2”的下方畫(huà)一條橫線表示按要求分了一次。要平均分13根小棒，已經(jīng)分了12根，還剩幾根？ 這個(gè)“1”寫(xiě)在哪里？表示什么意思？它是怎樣算出來(lái)的？3在比較中理解除法豎式的書(shū)寫(xiě)。（1）小組內(nèi)回憶分小棒的過(guò)程，說(shuō)一說(shuō)寫(xiě)除法豎式的步驟以及每一個(gè)數(shù)的含義。（2）對(duì)比

6、有余數(shù)除法的橫式與豎式的異同點(diǎn)，說(shuō)一說(shuō)除法豎式的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。（3）揭示課題，板書(shū)課題。（三）遷移類推學(xué)習(xí)表內(nèi)除法的豎式。1如果有16根小棒，每4根分一組，結(jié)果怎樣？ 學(xué)生分一分，并列出橫式和豎式（在練習(xí)紙上）2  學(xué)生自主嘗試，列豎式計(jì)算。（指定學(xué)生板演）3比較交流。（1）豎式中的兩個(gè)16表示的意思相同嗎？各表示什么？（2）這道題和剛才的題目有什么相同點(diǎn)和不同點(diǎn)？（3）分完后沒(méi)有剩余的時(shí)候，我們應(yīng)該怎樣表示？三、鞏固練習(xí)，深化理解1完成教材第6263頁(yè)“做一做”。匯報(bào)交流時(shí)引導(dǎo)學(xué)生對(duì)上下兩題進(jìn)行比較，說(shuō)一說(shuō)有什么相同點(diǎn)和不同點(diǎn)。2完成教材第64頁(yè)第3題。學(xué)生獨(dú)立完成后集體講評(píng)4、

7、 課堂小結(jié) 這節(jié)課你都學(xué)會(huì)了什么？五、作業(yè)（課堂作業(yè)本上） 陳愛(ài)蘭 2015年4月2日技術(shù)官員村位于位于亞運(yùn)城東部，主干道二以東石樓涌以西的地塊，占地面積、m2，總建筑面積、m2，共包括地下室南區(qū)、地下室北區(qū)、地上部分1棟12棟、服務(wù)中心、室外工程等多個(gè)單體工程。其中住宅面積m2，共12棟，17棟建筑層數(shù)為11層，812棟11層（局部復(fù)式頂層），首層局部架空，布置公建配套設(shè)施。integrated energy, chemicals and textile Yibin city, are the three core pillars of the industry. In 2014, the

8、wuliangye brand value to 73.58 billion yuan, the city's liquor industry slip to stabilise. Promoting deep development of integrated energy, advanced equipment manufacturing industry, changning district, shale gas production capacity reached 277 million cubic metres, built the country's first

9、 independent high-yield wells and pipelines in the first section, the lead in factory production and supply to the population. 2.1-3 GDP growth figure 2.1-4 Yibin, Yibin city, Yibin city, fiscal revenue growth 2.1.4 topography terrain overall is Southwest, North-Eastern State. Low mountains and hill

10、s in the city landscape as the main ridge-and-Valley, pingba small fragmented nature picture for "water and the second land of the seven hills". 236 meters to 2000 meters above sea level in the city, low mountain, 46.6% hills 45.3%, pingba only 8.1%. 2.1.5 development of Yibin landscapes a

11、nd distinctive feature in the center of the city, with limitations, and spatial structure of typical zonal group, 2012-cities in building with an area of about 76.2km2. From city-building situation, "old town-the South Bank" Center construction is lagging behind, disintegration of the old

12、city is slow, optimization and upgrading, quality public service resources are still heavily concentrated in the old town together. Southbank Centre has not been formed, functions of the service area space is missing. Meanwhile, peripheral group centres service was weak and inadequate accounting for

13、 city development, "suspicious" pattern could not be formed. As regards transport, with the outward expansion of cities, cities have been expanding, centripetal city traffic organization has not changed, integrated energy, chemicals and textile Yibin city, are the three core pillars of the

14、 industry. In 2014, the wuliangye brand value to 73.58 billion yuan, the city's liquor industry slip to stabilise. Promoting deep development of integrated energy, advanced equipment manufacturing industry, changning district, shale gas production capacity reached 277 million cubic metres, built

15、 the country's first independent high-yield wells and pipelines in the first section, the lead in factory production and supply to the population. 2.1-3 GDP growth figure 2.1-4 Yibin, Yibin city, Yibin city, fiscal revenue growth 2.1.4 topography terrain overall is Southwest, North-Eastern State

16、. Low mountains and hills in the city landscape as the main ridge-and-Valley, pingba small fragmented nature picture for "water and the second land of the seven hills". 236 meters to 2000 meters above sea level in the city, low mountain, 46.6% hills 45.3%, pingba only 8.1%. 2.1.5 developme

17、nt of Yibin landscapes and distinctive feature in the center of the city, with limitations, and spatial structure of typical zonal group, 2012-cities in building with an area of about 76.2km2. From city-building situation, "old town-the South Bank" Center construction is lagging behind, disintegration of the old city is slow, optimization and upgrading, quality public service resources are still heavily concentrated in the old town together. Southbank Centre has not been formed, functions of the service area space is missing. Meanwhile, per