新概念英語(yǔ)第一冊(cè)語(yǔ)法重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)點(diǎn)匯總38060

1、 新概念一冊(cè)語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)匯總第一部分:時(shí)態(tài)8種一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，一般過(guò)去時(shí)，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，一般將來(lái)時(shí)，過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，過(guò)去完成時(shí)，過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)1. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示一般性，經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作或一般性事實(shí)。（1）含有be動(dòng)詞的句子The girl is very beautiful.Tim and Jack are students.變疑問(wèn)句三步驟：將be動(dòng)詞移到句首，首字母大寫(xiě)，句號(hào)變問(wèn)號(hào)。Is the girl very beautiful?Are Tim and Jack students?變否定句在be動(dòng)詞后面加notThe girl is not very beautiful.Tim and Jack

2、 are not students.肯定回答及否定回答Yes, she is. No, she is not.Yes, they are. No, they are not.（2）不含有be動(dòng)詞的句子，即含有一般動(dòng)詞的句子第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)及單數(shù)名詞She likes him.The dog likes bones.變疑問(wèn)句三步驟：在句首加does, 動(dòng)詞變?yōu)樵?，?wèn)號(hào)變句號(hào)。Does she like him?Does the dog like bones?變否定句在主語(yǔ)及動(dòng)詞之間加doesnt, 動(dòng)詞變?yōu)樵?，原句中的?dòng)詞不再有第三人稱(chēng)變化：有了助動(dòng)詞的幫助，句中動(dòng)詞變回原形！She doesn

3、t like him.The dog doesnt like bones.肯定回答及否定回答：Yes, she does. No, she doesntYes, it does. No, it doesnt.注意：第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式一般在動(dòng)詞后面加S，不要和名詞復(fù)數(shù)混淆，變否定句或疑問(wèn)句時(shí)名詞復(fù)數(shù)沒(méi)有任何變化。其他人稱(chēng)及復(fù)數(shù)名詞I want to have a bath.We have some meat.The students like smart teachers.變疑問(wèn)句：在句首加do，句號(hào)變問(wèn)號(hào)。Do you want to have a bath?Do we have any mea

4、t?Do the students like smart teachers?變否定句在主語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞之間加dont.You dont want to have a bath.We dont have any meat.The students dont like smart teachers.肯定回答及否定回答Yes, I do. No, I dont.Yes, we do. No, we dontYes, they do. No, they dont. 2. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。構(gòu)成： 主語(yǔ)+be動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞doingWe are having lunch.He is re

5、ading a book.The dog is running after a cat.The boys are swimming across the river.變疑問(wèn)句將be動(dòng)詞移到句首Are we having lunch?Is he reading a book?Is the dog running after a cat?Are the boys swimming across the river?變否定句在be動(dòng)詞后面加 notWe are not having lunch.He is not reading a book.The dog is not running after

6、 a cat.The boys are swimming across the river.特殊疑問(wèn)句：what, which, how, where, who, etc.疑問(wèn)詞+動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)+現(xiàn)在分詞What are you doing?What is she doing?What is the dog doing?沒(méi)有進(jìn)行時(shí)的動(dòng)詞(必背)表示狀態(tài)，思想，感情和感覺(jué)的動(dòng)詞不能表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作1. 表示感覺(jué)，感官的詞see, hear, like, love, want,2. have, has當(dāng)“擁有”講時(shí)沒(méi)有進(jìn)行時(shí) 3. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或事件， 常和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如

7、yesterday, last night, the day before yesterday, 3 days ago,含有be動(dòng)詞的句子， 將動(dòng)詞變?yōu)檫^(guò)去式，am, is的過(guò)去式為was，are的過(guò)去式為wereI was at the butchers.You were a student a year ago.The teacher was very beautiful ten years ago.變疑問(wèn)句將be動(dòng)詞移動(dòng)到句首Were you at the butchers?Were you a student a year ago?Was the teacher very beauti

8、ful ten years ago?變否定句在be動(dòng)詞后面加notI was not at the butchers.You were not a student a year ago.The teacher was not very beautiful ten years ago.肯定回答否定回答Yes, I was. No, I was not.Yes, you were. No, you were not.Yes, he/she was. No, he/she was not.特殊疑問(wèn)句：What did you do?不含有be動(dòng)詞的句子，將動(dòng)詞變?yōu)檫^(guò)去式I finished my h

9、omework yesterday.The boy went to a restaurant.The Sawyers lived at King Street a year ago.變疑問(wèn)句三步驟：在句首加did， 動(dòng)詞變?yōu)樵?，句?hào)變問(wèn)號(hào)。Did you finish your homework yesterday?Did the boy go to a restaurant?Did the Sawyers live at King Street a year ago?變否定句在主語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞之間加did notI did not finish my homework yesterday.The

10、 boy did not go to a restaurant.The Sawyers did not live at King Street a year ago.肯定回答及否定回答Yes, I did. No, I didnt.Yes, he did. No, he didnt.Yes, they did. No, they did not.4. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)構(gòu)成：主語(yǔ)+助動(dòng)詞have, has+過(guò)去分詞done用法：1) 表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的和現(xiàn)在有某種聯(lián)系的動(dòng)作，常和just, usually, already, since等時(shí)間副詞連用I have just had lunch. (飽了，不

11、用再吃了)He has had a cup of tea.(不渴了，不用再喝)They have already had their holiday. (不能再度假了)The boy has already read the book. (已經(jīng)知道書(shū)的內(nèi)容了，不用再看了)2) 詢(xún)問(wèn)別人是否做過(guò)某事一般用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：Have you finished your homework?Have you been to Beijing?Have he seen the film?3) 表示開(kāi)始于過(guò)去并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作I have lived in Beijing for twenty years.I h

12、ave worked for this school for 1 year.4) 表示一種經(jīng)歷，經(jīng)驗(yàn)：去過(guò)地方，做過(guò)事情，經(jīng)歷過(guò)事情I have never had a bath.I have never seen a film.I have never been to cinema.I have ever been to Paris.Have been to表示去過(guò)，have gone to 表示去了I have been to London.(人已經(jīng)回來(lái))He has gone to London.(人還在那里)5) 表示一種結(jié)果， 一般不和時(shí)間副詞聯(lián)用I have lost my pen

13、.I have hurt myself.He has become a teacher.She has broken my heart.句型變化：變疑問(wèn)句將助動(dòng)詞移到句首，變否定句在助動(dòng)詞后面加not.e.g. Have you lost your pen? I have not lost my pen.肯定回答及否定回答Yes, I have. No, I have not.特殊疑問(wèn)句：What have you done?What has he done?一般過(guò)去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別：凡是有明確的表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的句子為過(guò)去時(shí)注意：有些動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作有一個(gè)終點(diǎn)，不能再延續(xù)，因此不能和表示

14、一段時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用錯(cuò)：Ive left Beijing for 3 days.對(duì)：I left Beijing 3 days ago. I have been away from being for 3 days. 5. 一般將來(lái)時(shí)表示將來(lái)將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作， 經(jīng)常和tomorrow, next year, the day after tomorrow, the year after the next, in five hours time, etc. 表示將來(lái)的詞聯(lián)用結(jié)構(gòu)： 主語(yǔ)+助動(dòng)詞will+動(dòng)詞原形doI will go to America tomorrow.The pilot will

15、fly to Japan the month after the next.Jack will move into his new house tomorrow morning.變疑問(wèn)句將助動(dòng)詞移到句首Will you go to America tomorrow?Will the pilot fly to Japan the month after the next?Will Jack move into his new house tomorrow morning?變否定句在助動(dòng)詞后面加notI will not go to America tomorrow.The pilot will

16、not fly to Japan the month after the next.Jack will not move into his new house tomorrow morning肯定回答及否定回答Yes, I will. No, I will not.Yes, he/she will. No, he/she will not.Yes, he will. No, he will not.特殊疑問(wèn)句：What will you do? 6. 過(guò)去完成時(shí)用法：在過(guò)去的時(shí)間里，兩個(gè)動(dòng)作中，發(fā)生在前的哪個(gè)動(dòng)作要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+助動(dòng)詞had+過(guò)去分詞doneAfter she ha

17、d finished her homework, she went shopping.They had sold the car before I asked the price.The train had left before I arrived at the station.After/before引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句放在句首要在句子后面加逗號(hào)，如果放在主句后則不用加。變疑問(wèn)句將助動(dòng)詞移到句首Had she finished her homework?變否定句在助動(dòng)詞后面加notShe hadnt finished her homework.肯定回答及否定回答Yes, she had. N

18、o, she hadnt.特殊疑問(wèn)句：What had she done? 7. 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，經(jīng)常用在when, while, as引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句中。結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+was/were +現(xiàn)在分詞doingWhen my husband was going into the dining room this morning, he dropped some coins on the floor.While we were having dinner, my father was watching TV. 8 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+ would + 動(dòng)詞原形doShe said

19、she would go here the next morning.兩個(gè) 特殊句型：there be 句型，be going to 結(jié)構(gòu)1) Be going to 結(jié)構(gòu)表示打算，準(zhǔn)備，計(jì)劃做某事結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+be動(dòng)詞+going to +動(dòng)詞原型I am going to make a bookcase.They are going to paint it.The father is going to give the bookcase to his daughter.變疑問(wèn)句將be動(dòng)詞移到句首Are you going to make a bookcase?Are they going t

20、o paint it?Is the father going to give the bookcase to his daughter?變否定句在be動(dòng)詞后面加notI am not going to make a bookcase.They are going to paint it.The father is not going to give the bookcase to his daughter.肯定回答及否定回答Yes, I am. No, I am not.Yes, they are. No, they are not.Yes, he is. No, he is not.特殊疑問(wèn)

21、句What are you going to do?What are they going to do?What is the father going to do?(必背)2) There be 句型表示哪里有什么東西(某處有某物)There is+單數(shù)名詞+表示場(chǎng)所的詞(一般為介詞詞組)There is a book in this room.There is a pen on the tableThere are+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+表示場(chǎng)所的詞(一般為介詞詞組)There are two pens on the table.There are three schools there.變疑問(wèn)句將b

22、e動(dòng)詞移到句首Is there a book in this room?Are there two pens on the table?變否定句在動(dòng)詞后面加notThere is not a book in this room.There are not two pens on the table.肯定回答及否定回答Yes, there is. No, there is not.Yes, there are. No, there are not.第二部分 其他句法及詞法 9 問(wèn)句一般疑問(wèn)句，特殊疑問(wèn)句，選擇疑問(wèn)句，反意疑問(wèn)句，選擇疑問(wèn)句，否定疑問(wèn)句1) 一般疑問(wèn)句：助動(dòng)詞/be動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)Are

23、 you a teacher? Do you want to have a cup of tea?2) 特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句What is your name?3) 選擇疑問(wèn)句： orDo you want beef or lamb?4) 反意疑問(wèn)句：肯定陳述句+否定疑問(wèn)部分，否定陳述部分+肯定疑問(wèn)部分You dont need that pen, do you?5) 否定疑問(wèn)句：一般疑問(wèn)句+否定詞Arent you lucky? Dont you want have a rest? 10 限定詞：some, any, many, much·some, any 修飾可數(shù)

24、名詞或不可數(shù)名詞，some用于肯定句，any用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句，注意，當(dāng)期待對(duì)方的答案為肯定回答時(shí)用some· many修飾可數(shù)名詞，much修飾不可數(shù)名詞，在口語(yǔ)中表示很多一般不用many, much, 而用a lot of, 在否定句中表示很多用many, much.I have a lot of money. I dont have much money. 11 名詞：種類(lèi)，復(fù)數(shù)，名詞所有格·名詞分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞1)不可數(shù)名詞無(wú)法分開(kāi)的東西：water, tea, bread, milk, rice(米)抽象的東西：love, beauty, coldness

25、(寒冷)不可數(shù)名詞有以下特點(diǎn)：·不能用a, an修飾·不能加s·和單數(shù)be動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞搭配2)可數(shù)名詞：?jiǎn)螖?shù)可數(shù)名詞要用冠詞修飾，復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞要在名詞后面加s,名詞復(fù)數(shù)共有以下幾種變化：規(guī)則變化的名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式規(guī)則1 一般情況+s e.g. shellshells bookbooks規(guī)則2 以s, x, ch, sh結(jié)尾+es e.g. foxfoxes churchchurches, busbuses, watchwatches規(guī)則3 以o結(jié)尾+s或+es e.g. potatopotatoes, NegroNegroes, heroheroes, tomatoto

26、matoes，(口訣：黑人英雄愛(ài)吃土豆和西紅柿)，剩下一般加s, radioradios規(guī)則4 以f, fe結(jié)尾的，變f, fe為ves e.g. lifelives halfhalves, shelfshelves, citycities, wifewives規(guī)則5 以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾， 變y為i+es e.g. skyskies flyflies3)不規(guī)則變化的名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式man(men) woman(women) foot(feet) goose(geese) tooth(teeth)child(children) sheep(sheep) deer(deer) mouse(mice)

27、fish(fish)12 副詞：用法及形容詞變副詞的變化·副詞可以修飾形容詞，動(dòng)詞，副詞或整個(gè)句子。如：The book is very good.He runs fast.She came here quite early.Certainly I will go with you.副詞變化形式：·直接在形容詞后加-ly,careful-carefully, slow-slowly,·以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的形容詞，把y變I, 加-ly,happy-happily, lucky-luckily·有些詞形容詞和副詞的形式相同，不需要做任何變化fast, har

28、d, late·有些詞加上-ly后意思與原詞相差很遠(yuǎn)：neary-nearly, high-highly, late-lately 13 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的使用：can, must, may, might, need,1)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can(能夠)， must(必須)， may(可以)結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+can/must/may+動(dòng)詞原型He can make the tea.Sally can air the room.We can speak English.變疑問(wèn)句將情態(tài)動(dòng)詞移到句首Can he make the tea?Can Sally air the room?Can we speak En

29、glish?變否定句在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面加notHe cannot make the tea.Sally cannot air the room.We cannot speak English.肯定回答及否定回答Yes, he can. No, he cannot.Yes, she can. No, she cannot.Yes, we can. No, we cannot.特殊疑問(wèn)句：What can you do?注意：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的句子沒(méi)有第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)的變化，不要在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞后面加S。2)Must/have to的區(qū)別must 表示必須，是主觀上覺(jué)得應(yīng)該做，have to是不得不，是由于客觀條

30、件逼迫的必要要做must 只能用在表示現(xiàn)在和將來(lái)的句子里，而have to do可以用在任何時(shí)態(tài)3)must, may, might表示猜測(cè)：·must do 表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在事實(shí)的猜測(cè)·must have done表示對(duì)過(guò)去事實(shí)的猜測(cè)·must have been doing 表示對(duì)過(guò)去正在進(jìn)行的事實(shí)的猜測(cè)·may/might do, may/might have done表示沒(méi)有任何事實(shí)依據(jù)的猜測(cè)，might的可能性更小。·cant/couldnt 表示不可能 14 need 用法：·表示“需要”時(shí)為實(shí)意動(dòng)詞，后面可以加名詞，也可以加不

31、定式：I need a pen. Do you need any beer? No, I dont.I need to have a rest.·Need doing=need to be done，表示被動(dòng)The flowers need watering.·Need在否定時(shí)做情態(tài)動(dòng)詞使用You neednt go so early. =You dont need to go so early.Must I clean the desk right now? No, you neednt. 15 不定代詞及不定副詞：·Some any no every·

32、;thing something anything nothing everything·one someone anyone anything everyone·where somewhere anywhere anywhere everywhere·body somebody anybody nobody everybody1)I looked for my book everywhere, but I cant find it anywhere.2)If you want go somewhere, if you want to be someone, yo

33、u must wake up.3)Help! Somebody? Anybody?4)You are really something.5)Since everybody is here, lets begin our class.6)Where did you go? I went nowhere.7)Nobody is at home.8)I have nothing left. 16 感嘆句：1) What +名詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)What a beautiful girl she is!2) How + 形容詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)How beautiful the girl is! 17 祈使句：祈

34、使句表示請(qǐng)求，命令，建議，邀請(qǐng)等，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一律用原型，句子中通常不用主語(yǔ)，句末用驚嘆好或者句號(hào)，用降調(diào)?？隙ň?動(dòng)詞原型例， Come here, please. Go downstairs, please. Stand up. Sit down. Be quiet. Be careful.祈使句中如果有喚語(yǔ)，一定要用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)，放在句首或者句尾Come in, Amy.Sit down here, Tom.Mary, give me a book please.否定：Don't+動(dòng)詞原型Don't come here.Dont sit down.Dont stand up.Do

35、nt give me it.let sb. doLet me pass.Let us have a rest.Lets have a rest. 反意疑問(wèn)：Lets have a walk along the river, shall we? 被問(wèn)的人也一同去Let us go out for a drink, will you? 被問(wèn)的人不去 18 倒裝句：so/neither的倒裝 He can swim. So can I.I didnt go to class. Neither did I.結(jié)構(gòu)：so/neither+be+ 主語(yǔ)so/neither+助動(dòng)詞+ 主語(yǔ)so/neither

36、+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ 主語(yǔ)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)， do, does/am, is, are現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)， am, is, are一般過(guò)去時(shí)， did現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)， have, has一般將來(lái)時(shí)， will, shall,過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，was, were過(guò)去完成時(shí)，had過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)， would 19 直接引語(yǔ)/間接引語(yǔ)如果引語(yǔ)的主句所用動(dòng)詞為過(guò)去時(shí)，那么間接引語(yǔ)要做相應(yīng)變化：時(shí)態(tài)，人稱(chēng)，時(shí)間地點(diǎn)及指示詞1) 時(shí)態(tài)變化：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)-一般過(guò)去時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)-過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)-過(guò)去完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)-過(guò)去完成時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)-過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)be going to-was/were going to/wouldcan-couldma

37、y-might2) 時(shí)間地點(diǎn)及指示詞的變化：here-there, tomorrow-the next day, the following day, this-that3) 人稱(chēng)變化：根據(jù)句意改變?nèi)朔Q(chēng)。4) 直接賓語(yǔ)/間接賓語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)直接賓語(yǔ)是及物動(dòng)詞的直接對(duì)象，間接賓語(yǔ)是及物動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作所涉及的人或事務(wù)，也可以說(shuō)間接賓語(yǔ)表示動(dòng)作是對(duì)誰(shuí)做的，或者是為誰(shuí)做的。所以間接賓語(yǔ)要用名詞或者賓格代詞來(lái)?yè)?dān)當(dāng)。He gives me a book.me間接賓語(yǔ)， a book直接賓語(yǔ)直接賓語(yǔ)和間接賓語(yǔ)的位置調(diào)換時(shí)要加一個(gè)介詞to或for主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+直接賓語(yǔ)+介詞+間接賓語(yǔ)Giv

38、e me a book.Give the book to me.Send his a letter.Send a letter to him.Show him the new dress.Show the new dress to him. 20 其他1)代詞及be動(dòng)詞 第一人稱(chēng) 第二人稱(chēng) 第三人稱(chēng) 單數(shù) 復(fù)數(shù) 單數(shù) 復(fù)數(shù) 單數(shù) 復(fù)數(shù)主格 I we you you she/he/it they賓格 me us you you her/him/it them代詞所有格 my our your your her/his/its their名詞性代詞 mine ours yours yours he

39、rs/his/its theirsbe動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在時(shí) Am are are are is arebe動(dòng)詞過(guò)去時(shí) was were were were was were2)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則變化的名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式規(guī)則1 一般情況+s e.g. shellshells toytoys規(guī)則2 以s, x, ch, sh結(jié)尾+es e.g. foxfoxes churchchurches規(guī)則3 以o結(jié)尾s或+es e.g. radioradios potatopotatoes規(guī)則4 以f, fe結(jié)尾的，變f, fe為ves e.g. lifelives halfhalves規(guī)則5 以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾， 變y為i+

40、es e.g. skyskies studystudies 3)動(dòng)詞的第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式規(guī)則1 一般情況+s e.g. like-likes, look-looks規(guī)則2 以s, x, ch, sh結(jié)尾+es e.g. do-does, catch-catches規(guī)則5 以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾， 變y為i+es e.g. carry-carries, fly-flies 4)動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞規(guī)則一 一般動(dòng)詞加-ing e.g. look-looking, read-reading, play-playing規(guī)則二 以不發(fā)音的字母結(jié)尾的單詞去e加-ing e.g. make-making, take-ta

41、king, arrive-arriving規(guī)則三 重讀閉音節(jié)詞結(jié)尾， 即單詞中只有一個(gè)元音字母，其后緊跟一個(gè)輔音字母的詞，雙寫(xiě)輔音字母再加-ing e. g. run-running, sit-sitting, get-getting, swim-swimming, stop-stopping 5)動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式規(guī)則動(dòng)詞變化規(guī)則一 一般動(dòng)詞加-ed e.g. look-looked, watch-watched, play-played規(guī)則二 以e結(jié)尾的加-d e.g. make-maked, arrive-arrived規(guī)則三 以輔音字母加結(jié)尾的變y為i加-ed cry-cried, carry

42、-carried規(guī)則四 重讀閉音節(jié)詞結(jié)尾， 即單詞中只有一個(gè)元音字母，其后緊跟一個(gè)輔音字母的詞，雙寫(xiě)輔音字母再加-ed stop-stopped,過(guò)去式的讀音在清輔音后面(除外)讀/t/ e.g. walked, jumped在濁輔音和元音后讀/d/ e.g. washed, watched在/t/，/d/后讀/id/ e.g. waited, hated 6)形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)比較級(jí) 規(guī)則一 一般加-er e.g. high-higher規(guī)則二 以結(jié)尾加-r nice-nicer規(guī)則三 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾，變y為i再加-er busy-busier,規(guī)則四 重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾， 雙寫(xiě)輔音字母再

43、加-er fat-fatter,形容詞和副詞的最高級(jí)最高級(jí) 規(guī)則一 一般加-est e.g. high-highest規(guī)則二 以結(jié)尾加-st nice-nicet規(guī)則三 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾，變y為i再加-est busy-busiest規(guī)則四 重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾， 雙寫(xiě)輔音字母再加-est fat-fattest 7)常見(jiàn)縮寫(xiě)：is=s I am=Im are=reis not=isnt/ iznt/ are not=arent /a:nt/do not=dont does not=doesntwas=s did not=didntcan not=cant have=vehas=s have no

44、t=haventhas not=hasnt will=llwill not=wont shall not=shant 新概念一共144課，其中單課為課文，雙課為語(yǔ)法和練習(xí)。整本書(shū)是以單數(shù)課為正課，并附帶有插圖而雙數(shù)課則是針對(duì)單數(shù)課所講的內(nèi)容有針對(duì)性地進(jìn)行練習(xí)，從此出展現(xiàn)出整個(gè)新概念一教材區(qū)別于其他教材的獨(dú)特之處。以下是對(duì)新概念一整本教材的理解和剖析，以供各位對(duì)整個(gè)課本的理解和把握上參考和借鑒。首先根據(jù)課本中出現(xiàn)的時(shí)態(tài)來(lái)分析：本冊(cè)書(shū)的語(yǔ)法出現(xiàn)層次性和規(guī)律性是很強(qiáng)的，首先我們先來(lái)整本書(shū)中都出了哪些時(shí)態(tài)，這些時(shí)態(tài)的具體分布和講解時(shí)我們大家需要注意的遞進(jìn)性。Lesson 3134 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)Lesso

45、n 3740 第一次出現(xiàn)be going to 的將來(lái)時(shí)Lesson 5156 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)Lesson 6776 為一般過(guò)去式Lesson 8390 為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)Lesson 9196 為一般將來(lái)時(shí) (will)Lesson 117118 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)Lesson 119120 過(guò)去完成時(shí) 除去前面所有時(shí)態(tài)和句型所占據(jù)的76課我們一起來(lái)看一下以下的68課，每一課小的語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)，語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)都是在什么地方，應(yīng)該用什么樣的方式來(lái)講解。在這里告訴學(xué)員新概念一的每一個(gè)單課的重點(diǎn)都是出現(xiàn)雙課的標(biāo)題和課后的練習(xí)題里面。Lesson12語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)：與陌生人說(shuō)話(huà)或引起別人的注意。Excuse me. Yes? Pardon?

46、 Thank you very much.語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)：主系表結(jié)構(gòu)this為主語(yǔ)，名詞做表語(yǔ)1的一般疑問(wèn)句以及它的肯定回答。Is this your handbag? Yes, it is. Lesson 56 語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)：如何介紹別人。This is Miss Sophie Dupont. Nice to meet you. 語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)：主語(yǔ)為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)的主系表結(jié)構(gòu)。She is French. He is German. Its a Volvo.(L6) a/an 的使用。Lesson 78語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)：如何自我介紹和相互認(rèn)識(shí)。語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)：主語(yǔ)為第二人稱(chēng)的主系表結(jié)構(gòu)。Are you French? What n

47、ationality are you? Whats your job? 特殊疑問(wèn)句。Lesson 910語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)：朋友或熟識(shí)的人之間如何相互問(wèn)候。How are you?語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)：主系表結(jié)構(gòu)形容詞做表語(yǔ)。 介詞短語(yǔ)表示位置 near the window, on the televion, on the wall Lesson 2930語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)：如何發(fā)號(hào)命令。語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)：祈使句（肯定）。 動(dòng)詞與賓語(yǔ)的固定搭配。Lesson 3738 語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)：如何表達(dá)將要做的事情。 語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)be going to do結(jié)構(gòu)表達(dá)將要發(fā)生的事情。 There be 句型的一般疑問(wèn)句形式。Lesson 41-42語(yǔ)

48、法點(diǎn)：如何表示不可數(shù)名詞的量。Lesson 63-64語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)：建議忠告。語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)：dont do. You mustnt doLesson 65-66語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)：具體時(shí)間表示法(半點(diǎn)和刻鐘）。 反身代詞。 具體日期表達(dá)方式。Lesson 73-74語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)：?jiǎn)柭贰ＵZ(yǔ)法點(diǎn)：不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式。 形容詞轉(zhuǎn)變成副詞。Lesson 77-78語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)：看病。語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)：綜合時(shí)間表達(dá)方式。Lesson 105-106語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)：辦公室用語(yǔ)。語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)：want sb to do./ tell sb to do以及其否定形式。Lesson 103-104語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)：考試。語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)：賓語(yǔ)從句。（從句部分為非現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)） 程度副詞 too

49、, very ,enoughLesson 125-126語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)：/語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)：have to do/ dont need to doLesson 127-128語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)：娛樂(lè)界。語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)：must/cant 對(duì)現(xiàn)在事情的肯定/否定猜測(cè)。Lesson 129-130語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)：交通狀況。語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)：must/cant have been.對(duì)過(guò)去事情的肯定/否定猜測(cè)。Lesson 131-132語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)：度假。語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)：may 對(duì)現(xiàn)在/過(guò)去事情的肯定或否定猜測(cè)。以下學(xué)的知識(shí)慢慢與新二接軌：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：Lesson 8390直接引語(yǔ)變成間接引語(yǔ)：Lesson 99102形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)：Lesson107112n

50、either ,so 的用法：Lesson 113114不定代詞的用法：Lesson 115116過(guò)去進(jìn)行和過(guò)去完成時(shí)：Lesson 117120定語(yǔ)從句：Lesson 121124情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的綜合用法：Lesson 125132 直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)：Lesson 133136（著重講時(shí)態(tài)的倒推） if 的用法：Lesson 137140 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：Lesson 141144英語(yǔ)中的時(shí)態(tài)一共有八種，它們是：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)、一般將來(lái)時(shí)、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)、過(guò)去完成時(shí)、過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。今天我們所要講的就是第一種： 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示一般性，經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作或一般性事實(shí)。1、含有be動(dòng)詞的

51、句子 He is a teacher. The girl is very beautiful. Tim and Jack are students.變疑問(wèn)句將be動(dòng)詞移到句首 Is he a teacher? Is the girl very beautiful? Are Tim and Jack students?變否定句在be動(dòng)詞后面加not He is not a teacher. The girl is not very beautiful. Tim and Jack are not students.肯定回答及否定回答 Yes, he is. / No, he is not. Yes

52、, she is. / No, she is not. Yes, they are. / No, they are not.2、不含有be動(dòng)詞的句子，即含有一般動(dòng)詞的句子。(1)第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)及單數(shù)名詞 He likes books. She likes him. The dog likes bones.變疑問(wèn)句在句首加does, 動(dòng)詞變?yōu)樵?Does he like books? Does she like him? Does the dog like bones?變否定句在主語(yǔ)及動(dòng)詞之間加doesn't, 動(dòng)詞變?yōu)樵停渲械膭?dòng)詞不再有第三人稱(chēng)變化。 He doesn't like books. She doesn't like him. The dog doesn't like bones.肯定回答及否定回答： Yes, he does. / No, he doesn't. Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't Yes, i