高考英語語法必考考點7動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)

1、2019年高考英語語法必考考點（7）：動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)含解析李仕才【考點解讀】一、動詞的時態(tài)1一般現(xiàn)在時(1)表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動作和現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)、特征。句中常用often, usually, every day等時間狀語。Works of popular writers often have a lot of readers.On Monday mornings it usually takes me an hour to drive to work although the actual distance is only 20 miles.(2)表示客觀事實、普遍真理或自然現(xiàn)象，無論在什么情

2、況下都用一般現(xiàn)在時表示?！癓ife is like walking in the snow，” Granny used to say，“because every step shows.”So what is the procedure?All the applicants are interviewed before a final decision is made by the authority.(3)在時間狀語從句和條件狀語從句中，用現(xiàn)在時代替將來時。My parents have promised to come to see me before I leave for Africa

3、.(4)表示按計劃、時刻表規(guī)定要發(fā)生的動作，但限于少數(shù)動詞。如begin, come, leave, go, arrive, start, stop, return, open, close等。The flight takes off at 2：30 every Wednesday and Friday.2一般過去時(1)表示過去的事情、動作或狀態(tài)，常與表示過去的時間狀語連用(或上下文語境有暗示)；用于表示過去的習(xí)慣；表示說話人原來沒有料到、想到的事。I didnt realize then, but becoming a pilot makes me a better surgeon.Mic

4、haels father always helped the poor as he believed it made everyone happier.I was lucky: I became a pilot in 1970, almost ten years before I graduated from medical school.(2)注意句型：was/were about to do . when .中when后從句的動詞用過去式。I was about to go to bed when the telephone rang.3現(xiàn)在完成時常用的時間狀語有：so far, rece

5、ntly, lately, once/twice/three .times, before, ever, by now, in the last/past few years, over a long time, up to now, yet, already, just, since等。主要用于以下幾種情況：(1)表示過去發(fā)生的某一動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。Look! Somebody has cleaned the sofa.Well, it wasnt me. I didnt do it.(2)表示從過去某一時間開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)。They have been good f

6、riends since they met at a meeting.Shakespeares play Hamlet has been made into at least ten different films over the past years.(3)下列句型中常用現(xiàn)在完成時。It is (has been)一段時間since從句This (That/It) is the first (second .) timethat從句This is the first time we have seen a film in the cinema together as a family.在條

7、件、時間、讓步狀語從句中，表示將來某時以前已完成的動作。When shall we restart our business?Not until we have finished our plan.4過去完成時(1)過去某一時間或某一動作前已完成的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。過去某一時間的動作或狀態(tài)持續(xù)到過去另一時間，還可能持續(xù)下去。常與for, since等構(gòu)成的時間狀語連用。He was unhappy when he sold his guitar. After all, he had had it for a very long time.We first met on a train in 2

8、010.We both felt immediately that we had known each other for years.(2)有些動詞有時用過去完成時表示過去未曾實現(xiàn)的希望、打算或意圖。這類動詞常見的有：hope, plan, mean, expect, intend, suppose, want, think等。I had hoped to be back last night, but I didnt catch the train.(3)在特殊句式hardly/scarcely .when .; no sooner .than .中，主句常用過去完成時，該句式意為“一就；

9、剛就”。Hardly (No sooner) had I got home when (than) the rain poured down.5將來完成時將來完成時表示到將來某一時間，某一動作將會完成，常用的時間狀語為“by將來的某個時間”。I hear that Jason is planning to buy a car.I know. By next month, he will have saved enough for a used one.6現(xiàn)在進行時表示說話時正在發(fā)生著的一個動作；表示現(xiàn)階段但不一定是發(fā)生在講話時的一個動作；表近期特定的安排或計劃；go, come等表示起止動作的

10、動詞可用進行時代替將來時。You are always studying in the library. Why not have a picnic this afternoon?7過去進行時(1)過去某一時刻正在進行的動作或某動作在某一階段內(nèi)發(fā)生或頻繁發(fā)生。Did you catch what I said?Sorry. I was answering a text message just now.Have you finished reading JaneEyre?No, I was doing my homework all day yesterday.(2)某一動作發(fā)生時另一動作正在

11、進行，其中的持續(xù)性動作用過去進行時，短暫性動作用一般過去時。I dont understand why you didnt go to the lecture yesterday afternoon.Im so sorry. But I was doing my homework.8現(xiàn)在完成進行時(1)表示從過去某時開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作，并且現(xiàn)在還在進行。The girl has a great interest in sport and has been taking badminton classes twice a week over the last three years.(2)

12、表示從過去某時開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作，在說話時剛剛結(jié)束。Where have you been？We have been looking for you everywhere.9將來進行時將來進行時可用于表示將來某個時刻正在發(fā)生的動作或者將來某一段時間內(nèi)正在進行的動作。將來進行時常與一些標(biāo)志性的時間狀語連用。這些常見的標(biāo)志性狀語有：at this time tomorrow/the day after tomorrow, from 1:30 to 4:30 tomorrow/the day after tomorrow。Can I call you back at two oclock th

13、is afternoon?Im sorry, but by then I will be flying to Beijing. How about five?二、動詞的語態(tài)英語中動詞有兩種語態(tài)：主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者，被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者。做有關(guān)被動語態(tài)的題目可以分兩步走：第一步確定正確的時態(tài)，第二步確定正確的語態(tài)。判斷用主動語態(tài)還是用被動語態(tài)的根據(jù)是看主語與謂語動詞之間的關(guān)系：如果是主謂關(guān)系則用主動語態(tài)，如果是動賓關(guān)系則用被動語態(tài)。被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成(以write為例)時間一般時態(tài)進行時態(tài)完成時態(tài)現(xiàn)在am/is/are writtenam/is/are be

14、ing writtenhas/have been written過去was/were writtenwas/were being writtenhad been written將來shall/will be written1.get過去分詞表被動They got married last week.He fell and got hurt.2主動形式表被動意義(1)系動詞look, feel, sound, smell, taste, seem, appear, go, prove, turn等形容詞/名詞。The dish tastes delicious.His plan proved (

15、to be) practical.(2)表示主語的某種屬性的詞：read, write, drive, sell, wash, clean, wear, open, shut等，其主語往往是物。What about the books?Books of this kind sell well.The door wont open.The pen writes smoothly.(3)be worth后常接動名詞的主動形式表示被動意義。A lot of small towns in the area are definitely worth visiting.(4)need, want, req

16、uire, deserve等動詞后用動名詞的主動形式表示被動意義。Most house plants require regular watering.三、解題技巧動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)是歷年高考英語測試的重中之重，一般占12道題。命題思路有三：一是直接給出標(biāo)志性時間狀語，考生能依據(jù)所給時間狀語作出選擇；二是給出時間狀語，但所給時間狀語有著較強的干擾性，考生不能直接根據(jù)時間狀語作出選擇，需要結(jié)合語境判斷；三是沒有任何時間狀語，需要借助于上下文語境，才能作出正確判斷?？忌鷳?yīng)熟知常用時態(tài)和被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成及用法。高考題往往不會涉及單一的時態(tài)語態(tài)，而是更多地側(cè)重于時態(tài)的交叉使用和呼應(yīng)及與語態(tài)的結(jié)合使用。所以

17、解題時一定要結(jié)合語境，弄清時間的先后關(guān)系，可根據(jù)不同情況采取“找標(biāo)法”(尋找時間標(biāo)志詞)、“呼應(yīng)法”(主從句時態(tài)呼應(yīng))、“搭配法”(固定搭配)、“語境法”等解題技巧。1、識別標(biāo)志詞如果題干中有標(biāo)志性的時間狀語，則往往可以根據(jù)時間狀語選擇相應(yīng)的時態(tài)。例More than a dozen students in that school _ abroad to study medicine last year.A. sent B. were sent C. had sent D. had been sent解析 此題有明顯的時間標(biāo)志詞last year，提示我們應(yīng)該使用一般過去時；句中的主語stud

18、ents是被送的對象，應(yīng)該使用被動語態(tài)。答案為B。動詞的時態(tài)一般都有其相應(yīng)的時間狀語，請同學(xué)們熟記下列8種常用時態(tài)所對應(yīng)的時間狀語：(1)一般現(xiàn)在時：often, always, usually, seldom, now, every day等。(2)一般過去時：then, yesterday, last week, after that, ago, in the following/next few months等。(3)現(xiàn)在進行時：now, right now, at present, at this moment, these days等。(4)過去進行時：then, at that t

19、ime, at this time yesterday等。(5)現(xiàn)在完成時： recently, lately, up to/till now, so far, in the past/last few months/years, for+一段時間, since + 一點時間等。(6)過去完成時：before, by the end of last month/years等。(7)一般將來時：tomorrow, today, next week/month, in an hour, in the coming/following few weeks等。(8)過去將來時：the followin

20、g month, the next week等。命題角度及對策高考測試動詞時態(tài)須與句中時間狀語一致時，常在題干中加入具體情景，以測試考生對動詞時態(tài)知識的實際運用能力。敏銳捕捉時間標(biāo)志詞，并結(jié)合具體的語境，選擇出正確的動詞時態(tài)，是解決此類問題的良策。2、主從時態(tài)須呼應(yīng)如果所給題干是主從復(fù)合句，可根據(jù)主從句時態(tài)呼應(yīng)的原則選出正確的時態(tài)。命題角度及對策：近年來高考考查主從句的時態(tài)呼應(yīng)時,常放在真實的并且符合實際的語境中進行考查。在根據(jù)時態(tài)呼應(yīng)原則解題時，要把握好以下幾點:(1)在時間、條件等狀語從句中，用一般現(xiàn)在時表示一般將來時，一般過去時表示過去將來時,用現(xiàn)在完成時表示將來完成時。(2)正確認定主

21、句動詞及從句動詞兩個動作發(fā)生的時間，并認真體會命題者所給出的語境。(3)解答賓語從句與主句時態(tài)呼應(yīng)題時，考生應(yīng)熟知以下規(guī)則：主句動詞為現(xiàn)在時，則從句動詞可根據(jù)需要使用任何時態(tài)；主句動詞為過去時，則從句動詞須用恰當(dāng)?shù)倪^去的某種時態(tài)(表示客觀真理時使用一般現(xiàn)在時)。3、仔細體會語境近年來高考試題對時態(tài)語態(tài)考查的要求越來越高，大部分試題趨向情境化、實際化，因此，仔細體會所給語境，根據(jù)具體語境選擇合適的時態(tài)是考生需要重點解決的問題。例：Do you think we should accept that offer?Yes, we should, for we_ such bad luck up ti

22、ll now, and time_ out.A. have had; is running B. had; is runningC. have; has been run D. have had; has been run【答案解析】 A。由時間標(biāo)志詞up till now知道，動作是從過去延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，所以第一空要用現(xiàn)在完成時;而根據(jù)語境可知時間快要耗光了，所以第二空要用進行時表將來。Can you tell me the timetable of the _school bus?Well, the bus _here for the _campus at 7:00 a.m.A. will l

23、eave B. left C.is leaving D. leaves【答案解析】 D?？疾闀r態(tài)，“校班車的時間表”是規(guī)定好的事情，表示一般性動作用一般現(xiàn)在時?！菊骖}分析】一、單項選擇1. (2018·北京卷) Hi, Im Peter. Are you new here? I havent seen you around?Hello, Peter. Im Bob. I just _ on Monday.A. start B. have started C. started D. had started【答案】C2. (2018·北京卷) Susan had quit he

24、r well-paid job and _ as a volunteer in the neighborhood when I visited her last year.A. is working B. was working C. has worked D. had worked【答案】B【解析】考查時態(tài)。句意: Susan已經(jīng)辭去了高薪的工作。去年當(dāng)我探望她的時候，她正在一個社區(qū)里做志愿者。Susan辭職發(fā)生在地當(dāng)志愿者之前，是過去完時態(tài)，過去完時態(tài)通俗的說就是“過去的過去”，且結(jié)合時間狀語 when I visited her last year可知，Susan做志愿者是過去的某個時間

25、段發(fā)生的情況，故該空應(yīng)用過去進行時態(tài)。B選項正確3. (2018·北京卷) Chinas high-speed railways _ from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years.A. are growing B. have grown C. will grow D. had grown【答案】B4. (2018·北京卷) A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who _ in the mountains for two days.A. are t

26、rapping B. have been trapped C. were trapping D. had been trapped【答案】D【解析】考查語和付態(tài)。句意：一個救援人員冒著生命危險挽救了兩個被困在山里兩天的旅游者。 “who_ in the mountains for two days”是定語從句，修飾 two tourists；two tourists和tap之間是被動關(guān)系，該空應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)。由 risked可知，營救人員救游客是過去的事情，被困兩天發(fā)生在營救人員救了他們之前，即過去的過去”，該空應(yīng)用過去完成時態(tài)。綜上，D選項正確。5.(2018·天津卷) My was

27、hing machine _ this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand.A. was repaired B. is repairedC. is being repaired D. has been repaired【答案】C【解析】考查時態(tài)。句意：這周我的洗衣機正在修，所以我不得不手洗衣服。根據(jù)后句so I have to wash my clothes by hand.可知，洗衣機正在修，故用現(xiàn)在進行時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)。故選C。6. (2018·江蘇卷) Hopefully in 2025 we

28、0;will no longer be e-mailing each other, for we _ more convenient electronic communication tools by then.A. have developed B. had developedC. will have developed D. developed【答案】C【解析】考查時態(tài)。句意：希望在2025年，我們不再互相發(fā)電子郵件，因為到那時候我們將開發(fā)更方便的電子通信工具。

29、根據(jù)時間狀語in 2025，可知用將來時；再根據(jù)時間狀語by then到那時，可知用完成時。結(jié)合兩者可知用將來完成時。故選C。7. (2018·江蘇) I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan _ in the past two years.A. had been carried out B. woul

30、d be carried outC. is being carried out D. has been carried out【答案】A【解析】考查時態(tài)。句意：上個月我被派到村里去看看在過去的兩年里發(fā)展計劃是如何執(zhí)行的。根據(jù)句中時間狀語last month和in the past two years可知用過去完成時。故選A。8. (2017·江蘇卷) He hurried home, never once looking back to see if he _.A. was being followed B. was following C. had b

31、een followed D. followed【答案】A9. (2017·北京卷) People_ better access to health care than they used to, and theyre living longer as a result.A. will haveB. haveC. hadD. had had【答案】B【解析】考查時態(tài)。句意：人們有著比過去更好的醫(yī)療保險，結(jié)果他們更長壽。與過去對比是現(xiàn)在，所以than前一句話是用現(xiàn)在的時間，而且后一句用的就是現(xiàn)在時態(tài)，所以前面也用現(xiàn)在時態(tài)，故選B。10. (2017·北京卷) In the 1

32、950s in the USA, most families had just one phone at home, and wireless phones _ yet. A. havent invented B. havent been invented C. hadnt invented D. hadnt been invented【答案】D【解析】考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：在美國20世紀50年代的時候，大多數(shù)的家庭家里只有一部電話，并且無線電話還根本沒有發(fā)明出來。根據(jù)句意可知用被動語態(tài)，排除AC，事情發(fā)生在過去，與現(xiàn)在無關(guān)，不用現(xiàn)在完成時，排除B，故選D，過去完成時的被動語態(tài)。二、單句填空1.

33、 (2018·新課標(biāo)I卷) While running regularly can make you live forever, the review says it _ (be)more effective at lengthening life than walking ,cycling or swimming.【答案】is【解析】考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：雖然經(jīng)常跑步不能使你永遠活著，但是評論說經(jīng)常跑步在延長生命這方面比步行更有效。此處用一般現(xiàn)在時表示客觀事實，it是第三人稱單數(shù)，故答案為is。2. (2018·新課標(biāo)II卷)Diets have changed i

34、n China-and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country_ (grow) more corn than rice.【答案】has grown【解析】考查謂語動詞的時態(tài)。由句中的時間狀語since 2011可知用現(xiàn)在完成時，主語the country是單數(shù)，故答案為has grown。3. (2018·新課標(biāo)III卷) True to a gorilla's unaggressive nature, the huge animal _(mean)me no real harm.【答案】meant【解析】考查動詞的時

35、態(tài)。 由上下文可知此處用一般過去時，動詞用過去時，故答案為meant。4. (2018·浙江卷)I still remember visiting a friend who'd lived here for five years and I_(shock) when I learnt she hadn't cooked once in all that time.【答案】was shocked5. (2017·新課標(biāo)I卷)When fat and salt 64 (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is mis

36、sing something【答案】are removed【解析】考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。本文的主體時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時，此處亦應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時；又fat and salt是動詞remove的承受者，應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)。所以此處填are removed。6. (2017·新課標(biāo)II卷)Later, engineers 68 (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道), which became known to the tube【答案】managed【解析】考查動詞時態(tài)。因為engineers與manage之間為主動關(guān)系

37、，而且是發(fā)生在過去的事情，所以填managed。7. (2017·新課標(biāo)III卷) Sarah 63 (tell) that she could be Britains new supermodel earning a million dollars in the new year【答案】has been told/was told 【解析】考查動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)。此處動詞tell與Sarah是被動關(guān)系，因為第二段在講述父親和Sarah的想法時都是用現(xiàn)在時，因此可以用現(xiàn)在完成時表達過去對現(xiàn)在的影響，故可以填has been told。此外，“被告知”這件事情發(fā)生在過去，故也可填was t

38、old。8. (2017·新課標(biāo)III卷) But at the moment, school 69 (come) first. I don't want to get too absorbed in modeling.【答案】comes【解析】考查動詞時態(tài)。全文均為現(xiàn)在時，且school是第三人稱單數(shù)，故填comes。9. (2017·浙江卷)Pahlsson and her husband 62 (search) the kitchen, checking every corner, but turned up nothing.【答案】searched【解析】考

39、查動詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)本段的基本時態(tài)為一般過去時及語境可知，此處應(yīng)用一般過去時表示發(fā)生在過去的動作 故填searched。10. (2016·新課標(biāo)I卷)So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research, I 62 (allow) to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre.【答案】was allowed 三、單句

40、改錯1. (2018·新課標(biāo)I卷)During my last winter holiday, I went to the countryside with my father to visit my grandparents. I find a big change there.【答案】findfound【解析】考查時態(tài)，上文有時間狀語last winter holiday，可知用過去時態(tài)，故答案為find改為found。2. (2018·新課標(biāo)II卷) I didn't realize how right my parents are until I enter

41、ed high school.【答案】arewere【解析】I didn't realize how right my parents are的are改為were。3. (2018·新課標(biāo)III卷)It was Monday morning, and the writing class had just begin.【答案】beginbegun【解析】句意：這是周一的早晨，寫作課剛剛開始。過去完成時had+過去分詞，而begin是動詞原形，故答案為begin改為begun。4. (2017·新課標(biāo)I卷) I thought I had learned the ins

42、tructor's orders, so once I started the car, my mind goes blank.【答案】goeswent【解析】考查時態(tài)。本文講述作者18歲生日后的那個暑假發(fā)生的事情, 且通篇以過去時為主。此處應(yīng)用一般過去時, 故把goes改為went。5. (2017·新課標(biāo)II卷)When summer comes, they will invite their students to pick the fresh vegetables!【答案】amecomes【解析】考查動詞時態(tài)。因為主句部分為一般將來時態(tài), 所以此處的時間狀語從句應(yīng)使用

43、一般現(xiàn)在時表將來意義。6. (2017·新課標(biāo)III卷)About one month after this photo was took, I entered my second year of high school and become a new member of the school music club.【答案】tooktaken becomebecame 。7. (2016·新課標(biāo)I卷)It is always crowded with customers at meal times. Some people even had to wait outside

44、.【答案】hadhave【解析】考查時態(tài)。整篇文章都是以現(xiàn)在時態(tài)寫的, 所以需將一般過去時改為一般現(xiàn)在時。8. (2016·新課標(biāo)II卷)Some classmates suggest we should go to places of interest nearby. I thought that it is a good idea.【答案】thoughtthink。【解析】考查動詞的時態(tài)。全文的時態(tài)均以一般現(xiàn)在時為主, 故此處應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時。9. (2016·新課標(biāo)III卷) However, my parents didn't seem to think so

45、. They always tell me what to do and how to do it.【答案】telltold【解析】考查語篇中時態(tài)的一致性。全文中心時態(tài)為一般過去時, 故應(yīng)將tell改為told。10. (2018· )Both Dad and I planned to do something on Mother's Day. We get up early in the morning. Dad cleaned the house, and then went shopping.【答案】getgot【解析】前句與后句都是過去時, 所以用一般過去時?！緦c測

46、試】一、單項選擇1. (2018·海淀二模) How was your vacation in Seattle?Pretty good. In the evenings I _ to pubs to enjoy beer.A. have gone B. goC. had gone D. went【答案】D2. (2018·海淀二模) He messed the project up, but he behaved as if nothing _.A. had happened B. happenedC. would happen D. would have happened

47、【答案】A【解析】考查虛擬語氣。句意：他把這個項目搞糟了，但他表現(xiàn)的好像什么也沒發(fā)生一樣。as if引導(dǎo)的從句表示與事實相反的情況時，應(yīng)用虛擬語氣。該句表示對過去的虛擬，根據(jù)as if的虛擬規(guī)則，該處應(yīng)用過去完成時態(tài)。A選項正確。3. (2018·海淀二模) By now 516 Confucius Institutes _in 142 countries and regions, according to the Confucius Institute Headquarters.A. founded B. would foundC. have been founded D. had

48、 been founded【答案】C【解析】考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：根據(jù)孔子學(xué)院總部的統(tǒng)計，到現(xiàn)在為止，全世界142個國家和地區(qū)已經(jīng)建立了516個孔子學(xué)院。主語516 Confucius Institutes 7和foud之間是被動關(guān)系，該句應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)。且 by now做時間狀語,謂語動詞應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)。綜上，該空應(yīng)填 have been founded。C選項正確。4. (2018·海淀二模) I _up my mind what I was going to say in the seminar, but it was cancelled.A. have made B. had

49、 madeC. was making D. would make【答案】B5. (2018·天津市一中) The singers music video nearly 9 million times since it was posted on the Internet four weeks ago.A. viewed B. has viewedC. was viewed D. has been viewed【答案】D【解析】考查動詞時態(tài)與語態(tài)辨析。A. viewed，一般過去式；B. was viewed過去式的被動語態(tài)；C. has viewed，現(xiàn)在完成式；D. has bee

50、n viewed，現(xiàn)在完成式的被動語態(tài)。句意：自從四個星期前這位歌手的音樂視頻被放在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上，這個視頻的訪問量達到了將近9百萬次。since從句用一般過去時，主句用現(xiàn)在完成時has done形式，又因music video是被訪問的，故要用被動語態(tài)。故選D。6. (2018·濱海7校聯(lián)考) Is Peter coming? No, he _ his mind after a phone call at the last minute.A.changes B. changedC. was changing D. had changed【答案】B【解析】試題分析：句意：彼得來了嗎？沒有，

51、剛才接到一個電話后改變主意了。根據(jù)at the last minute在最后一秒可能發(fā)生在過去，故用一般過去時。考點：考查動詞的時態(tài)。7. (2018·江蘇97校聯(lián)考) Dora, do you think Jacks proposal reasonable?Im sorry I have missed that, but actually I _ about another one.A. thought B. have thoughtC. had thought D. was thinking【答案】D【解析】考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：-多拉，你認為杰克的建議合理嗎？-對不起，我沒聽見。

52、實際上我剛才在考慮另外一種想法。表示剛才正在進行的動作，用過去進行時。故選D.8. (2018·江蘇97校聯(lián)考) You look pretty tired today!I an environmental report over the last few days, which should be submitted to the boss tomorrow.A. wrote B. was writingC. had written D. have been writing【答案】D9. (2018·江蘇淮海中學(xué)等) You look pretty tired today

53、!I an environmental report over the last few days, which should be submitted to the boss tomorrow.A. wrote B. was writingC. had written D. have been writing【答案】D【解析】考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：-你今天看起來很累！- 在過去的幾天里我一直在寫一個環(huán)境報告，這個報告明天應(yīng)要提交給老板。表示從幾天前開始一直進行持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作，用現(xiàn)在完成進行時，故選D.10. (2018· 江蘇鹽城中學(xué)等)Dora, do you think Jac

54、ks proposal reasonable?Im sorry I have missed that, but actually I _ about another one.A. thought B. have thoughtC. had thought D. was thinking【答案】D【解析】考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：-多拉，你認為杰克的建議合理嗎？-對不起，我沒聽見。實際上我剛才在考慮另外一種想法。表示剛才正在進行的動作，用過去進行時。故選D.二、單句填空1. (2018·河南南陽一中) Richthoften named the trade and communication

55、 network the Silk Road. Since then the term 43(accept) globally.【答案】has been accepted【解析】考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。由Since then可判斷出用現(xiàn)在完成時，且the term與accept之間是被動關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)，填has been accepted。2. (2018·河南鄭州市一中)This opening led to a cave, so they decided to have a look around it. The walls of the cave were 44 (c

56、over) with ancient art.【答案】covered【解析】本題考查了動詞變型。句意為：洞窟里面是壁畫。此題是動詞變型題，墻壁被畫作覆蓋。應(yīng)當(dāng)用被動語態(tài)。確定答案covered。3. (2018·河南鄭州市一中) These paintings look exactly the same as the Lascaux Cave Paintings. People 50 (make) the paintings so that everyone can still learn about this great ancient civilization.【答案】(have

57、) made4. (2018·重慶市一中)Since the Ming Dynasty, it's estimated that the Forbidden City_44_ (survive) more than 200 earthquakes.【答案】has survived【解析】考查時態(tài)，根據(jù)句意：自明朝以來，據(jù)估計紫禁城已經(jīng)經(jīng)歷了超過200次的地震。用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)，故填has survived。5. (2018·河南鄭州市)Building on German scientist Albert Einsteins work, Hawking explained his belief that space 45 (start) with the Big Bang, and will end with black holes.【答案】started【解析】考查謂語動詞。Hawking解釋了他相信宇宙是從宇宙大爆炸開始的，并將以黑