高考英語語法復(fù)習(xí)連詞講解練習(xí)題及答案doc

1、語法：連詞 Link words連詞是虛詞，不能在句中單獨擔(dān)任成分，只起連接作用。按其用法，連詞可分為兩大類：并列連詞(Coordinate Conjunctions)和從屬連詞(Subordinate Conjunctions)。一并列連詞：連接具有并列關(guān)系的詞、短語或句子。 1. 并列關(guān)系：and, not onlybut also, bothand, neithernorI used to live in Paris and London.Both Jane and Jim are interested in fishing. The weather here is neither to

2、o cold nor too hot. She is not only kind but also honest. 2. 轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系：but, yet, while(然而), when(然而，偏偏) The car is very old but it runs very fast. The problem was a little hard, yet I was able to work it out.The winter in Beijing is very cold while that of Kunming is warm. Why did you borrow the book whe

3、n you had one?3. 選擇關(guān)系：or, notbut, eitheror, Would you like to live or would you like to stay? He is not a teacher but a writer. You can come either on Saturday or on Sunday.4. 因果關(guān)系：forIt must have rained last night, for the ground is wet now. The leaves of the trees are falling, for its already autu

4、mn.5. 區(qū)別（1）and和or 1) 并列結(jié)構(gòu)中，or通常用于否定句，and用于肯定句。2) 但有時and 也可用于否定句。請注意其不同特點： There is no air or water in the moon. There is no air and no water on the moon.在否定中并列結(jié)構(gòu)用or 連接，但含有兩個否定詞的句子實際被看作是肯定結(jié)構(gòu)，因此要用and。典型例題 -I dont like chicken _ fish. -I dont like chicken, _ I like fish very much. A. and； and B. and； b

5、utC. or； butD. or；and 答案C。否定句中表并列用or, but 表轉(zhuǎn)折。判斷改錯： (錯) We will die without air and water. (錯) We cant live without air or water. (對) We will die without air or water. (對) We cant live without air and water.(2) 表示選擇的并列結(jié)構(gòu) 1) or意思為"否則"。 I must work hard, or Ill fail in the exam.2) eitheror意思

6、為"或者或者"。注意謂語動詞采用就近原則。 Either you or I am right.(3) 表示轉(zhuǎn)折或?qū)Ρ?) but表示轉(zhuǎn)折，while表示對比。 Some people love cats, while others hate them.典型例題 - Would you like to come to dinner tonight? - Id like to, _ Im too busy. A. and B. so C. as D. but 答案D。but與前面形成轉(zhuǎn)折，符合語意。而表并列的and， 結(jié)果的so，原因的as都不符合句意。2) notbut 意思

7、為"不是而是" not 和but 后面的用詞要遵循一致原則。 They were not the bones of an animal, but (the bones) of a human being.(4) 表原因關(guān)系1) for 判斷改錯： (錯) For he is ill, he is absent today. (對) He is absent today, for he is ill. for是并列連詞，不能置于含兩個并列分句的句子的句首，只能將其放在兩個分句中間。2) so, therefore He hurt his leg, so he couldnt

8、play in the game.注意： a. 兩個并列連詞不能連用，但therefore, then, yet.可以和并列連詞連用。 You can watch TV, and /or you can go to bed. He hurt his leg, and so / and therefore he couldnt play in the game.b. although yet，但although不與 but連用。 (錯)Although he was weak, but he tried his best to do the work. (對)Although he was we

9、ak, yet he tried his best to do the work.(5) 注意： not only but also 關(guān)聯(lián)兩個分句時，一個分句因有否定詞not 而必須倒裝。 Not only does he like reading stories, but also he can even write some.neithernor 意思為"既不也不"謂語動詞采用就近原則，與nor后的詞保持一致。(6) 比較so和 such其規(guī)律由so與such的不同詞性決定。such 是形容詞，修飾名詞或名詞詞組，so是副詞，只能修飾形容詞或副詞。so 還可與表示數(shù)量的

10、形容詞many，few，much， little連用，形成固定搭配。 so + adj.such + a(n) + n. so + adj. + a(n) + n. such + n. (pl.) so + adj. + n. (pl.) such +n. (pl.) so + adj. + n. 不可數(shù) such +n. 不可數(shù) so foolish such a fool so nice a flower such a nice flower so many/ few flowers such nice flowers so much/little money. such rapid pr

11、ogress so many people such a lot of peopleso many 已成固定搭配，a lot of 雖相當(dāng)于 many，但 a lot of 為名詞性的，只能用such搭配。sothat與suchthat之間的轉(zhuǎn)換即為 so與such之間的轉(zhuǎn)換。二從屬連詞：指在復(fù)合句中引導(dǎo)從句的連結(jié)詞。常見的從屬連詞有：       引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句的：after, before, when, as, while, since, until, till, as soon as    

12、60;   引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句的：because, since, as       引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句的：although, though, no matter（無論）, even if (though)       引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句的：if, unless, once, as (so) long as        引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句的：so, so that, so that , such that

13、        引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句的：so, so that , in order that        引導(dǎo)比較狀語從句的：as as , not so (as), as, than        引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句的：as, as if , as though引導(dǎo)地點狀語從句的：where，wherever       引導(dǎo)名詞性從句（主語，賓語、表語或同

14、位語從句）的連詞主要有：that, whether, if三個。其中that 和whether間或還可以引起同位從句和狀語從句。（一）某些用法比較特殊的從屬連詞用法區(qū)別1、當(dāng)while, when, as引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句時的區(qū)別：while引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中動詞必須是延續(xù)性。謂語動詞多為進行時，或狀態(tài)動詞的一般時。while 的這些用法可用when代替，等于 “at the time that”, “during the time that”。例如：Please keep quiet while (when) others are studying； when除可指一段時間外，還可用來指一點時間

15、，等于 “at the time”， when引出的時間狀語從句中的謂語動詞可以是終止性的，也可以是延續(xù)性的。因此主句和從句的謂語可以是一般時，進行時，或完成時。例如：When I went into the lab, the teacher was doing an experiment.（不能用while）He often makes mistakes when he is speaking English.（when可換成while）as常可與when，while通用，但強調(diào)“一邊、一邊”。例如：As (when, while) I was walking down the street

16、, I noticed a police car in front of number 37. when引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中的主語與主句主語一致，主、謂是“主語+系動詞”結(jié)構(gòu)時，這時主語和系動詞可以省略。例如：When (he was) young, he worked for a rich man.Shell be here to give you help when (if it is) necessary. when有時代替if，引導(dǎo)條件句，意為“如果”、“假如”，例如：Ill come when (if) Im free. 2、before作連詞一般表示時間，意為“在之前”，但有

17、些句子中這樣譯就顯得別扭。試看以下句子的翻譯：He almost knocked me down before he saw me.他幾乎把我撞倒才看見我；Before I could get in a word he had measured me.我還沒來得及插話，他已經(jīng)給我量好了尺寸。 3、till, until作為介詞式從屬連詞引導(dǎo)時間狀語短語或狀語從句，用于否定句時，結(jié)構(gòu)為not until (till)，主句謂語動詞延續(xù)與非延續(xù)皆可，意為“直到才”。用于肯定句時，只與延續(xù)性動詞連用，表示“到為止”。例如：They played volleyball until (till

18、) it got dark.They didnt talk（延續(xù)）until (till) the interpreter（譯員）came.He didnt go to bed（非延續(xù)）until (till) the his father came back.；until可以放在句首，till則不行，例如：Until the last minute of the match we kept on playing. Not until he finished his work did he go home.（倒裝）；till, until只用于時間，以下句子是錯誤的：We walked til

19、l the edge of the forest.（要用as far as或to）。 4、because, since, as引導(dǎo)原因狀語時注意使用上的區(qū)別：如果原因構(gòu)成句子的最主要部分,一般用because ,因此because引導(dǎo)的從句往往放在句末。用why提問的句子，一定用because回答。例如：He had to stay at home yesterday because he was ill.；如原因已為人們所知，或不如句子的其他部分重要，就用as，或 since。since比as更正式些。as和since引導(dǎo)的從句一般放在句子的開頭。例如：As you are tir

20、ed, you had better rest./ Since everyone is here, now lets begin. 5、although和though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句往往用法一樣，但注意以下區(qū)別：although用于各種文體，而though則多用于非正式的口語或書面語中。注意由although, though引導(dǎo)的從句后，主句不能用but，但可用副詞yet, still。例如：Although/ Though it rained all the morning, they still went on working.（或yet they went on working

21、）though常與even連用，even though表示強調(diào)，意為“即使”，但不能說even although，例如：Even though I didnt understand a word, I dept smiling. though可用作副詞，意為“然而”，常用逗號與句子分開。although則不能這樣使用，它只作連詞。例如：It was a quiet party, I had a good time, though. 6、once作副詞譯“曾經(jīng)”，作為連詞譯“一旦”，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。相當(dāng)于if的加強形式。例如：I dont believe he was once a

22、thief. (once這里是副詞)/ Once Aristotle had made up his mind that heavy objects always fell faster than light objects, he taught it as a truth to his students. (once連詞) 7、unless引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句等于if not 。例如：Hell accept the job unless the salary is too low. ( = Hell accept the job if the salary is not too low

23、.) 8、在用as if引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句及表語從句中，根據(jù)情況要使用虛擬語氣。例如：He talks as if he knew all about it. 但有時也可用直陳語氣。It looks as if it is going to rain.9、whether, if引導(dǎo)從句的用法區(qū)別：引導(dǎo)主語從句、表語從句或同位語從句時，用whether，不用if。例如：Whether they will go to the Great Wall is not known./ The question is whether we can finish the task on time./

24、 The question whether we will take part in the physics contest has not been decided. whether可接不定式，而if則不可。例如：I havent decided whether to leave or not.whether可作介詞的賓語或置于句首表示強調(diào)，而if則不可。例如：Everything depends on whether we have enough money./ Whether he will come, I am not sure. whether和if均可引導(dǎo)賓語從句， whether

25、引導(dǎo)的賓語從句一般都是肯定句，if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句可以是肯定的，也可以是否定的（此時不能用whether），例如：Could you tell us whether/ if it rains in winter in Australia?/ I wonder if it doesnt rain. 引導(dǎo)賓語從句的whether和if常可與or not連用。連用時要注意or not的位置，它一般與 whether、if分開使用，有時它可與whether合起來使用，但不能與if合起來使用。例如：I dont know whether/ if they will come or not./ I dont

26、 know whether or not they will come.if可用來引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，譯“如果”，whether則不行。例如：If you work hard, you are sure to succeed.10、as作從屬連詞可引導(dǎo)多種狀語從句。as引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，意為“當(dāng)時”。例如：As (he was) a young man, he was a storekeeper and later a postmaster./ He sang as he worked.  as引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句，意為“象一樣”。例如：We must do as the Party te

27、aches us.as引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。意為“由于”，例如：As you are tired, you had better rest.as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。意為“雖然”、“盡管”Child as he is, he can do it well. ( = Although he is a child, he can do it well.)   另外，as做為關(guān)系代詞還可以引導(dǎo)定語從句，如：I have the same book as you.連詞while是高考一個命題的熱點，你知道其考點主要涉及哪些方面嗎？ 一、考查表示時間的用法，其意為“當(dāng)?shù)臅r候”。如： We m

28、ust strike while the iron is hot. 我們要趁熱打鐵。 Stand still while I take your photograph. 我給你拍照時站著不要動。 Have we got enough books to read while we are on holiday? 假期里我們有足夠的書看嗎? Were there any calls for me while I was out? 我出去的時候，有人來過電話嗎? She hates anyone listening while she is telephoning. 她打電話時不愿讓任何人聽。 二、

29、考查表示讓步的用法，其意為“盡管”“雖然”。如： While the work was difficult, it was interesting. 雖然工作有難度，但很有趣。 While I understand what you say, I cant agree with you. 雖然我理解你的意思，但我還是不同意。 三、考查表示對比的用法，其意為“而”“但”。如： Some people waste food while others havent enough. 一些人糟踏食物而另一些人卻食不果腹。 I went swimming while the others played t

30、ennis. 我去游泳，而其余的人則去打網(wǎng)球了。 Prices are rising sharply, while incomes are lagging far behind. 物價飛漲而收入?yún)s遠遠落后。 注：這樣用時，while引出的句子通常位于末，但有時也可位于句首。如： While most children learn to read easily, some need extra help. 大多數(shù)兒童學(xué)會閱讀很容易，有一些兒童卻需要特別幫助。 While Deauville is a holiday resort, Trouville is more of a working t

31、own. 特維爾是個度假勝地，而特魯維爾更多的卻是個工業(yè)城市。 四、考查其省略用法，即主句與從句主語相同，且從句謂語動詞含有動詞be時，通常可省略從句主語和動詞be。如： While (he was) in prison, she wrote her first novel. 她在獄中寫出了第一部小說。 He had strayed from home while still a boy. 他小時候就離開家到處流浪了。 He fell asleep while (he was) doing his homework. 他做著做著功課就睡著了。 I was only listening to t

32、he radio with half an ear, while (I was) preparing some food. 我正在做吃的東西，沒太留心聽收音機。 【考點實訓(xùn)】 1. She just sits there reading her story book, _ I do all the work.A. until B. while C. because D. though 2. Their economy has expanded enormously, _ ours, by contrast, has declined. A. while B. unless C. in case

33、 D. which 3. Could you watch my bags for me, _ I go to the toilet? A. though B. unless C. what D. while 4. The professor is typing his own letters _ his secretary is ill. A. what B. which C. if D. while 5. She said she was going to the shops and asked me whether I wanted anything _ she was out. A. t

34、hough B. while C. which D. before 6. Tea is the most popular drink, _coffee comes second. A. since B. until C. what D. while 7. Schools in the north tend to be better equipped, _ those in the south are relatively poor. A. since B. before C. while D. because 8. It is no accident that men fill most of

35、 the top jobs in nursing, _ women remain on the lower grades. A. after B. since C. while D. which 9. _ trying to open the can, I cut my hand. A. Though B. Because C. For D. While 10. Some people prefer a vegetarian diet, _ others prefer a meat-based diet. A. though B. while C. which D. for 11. He di

36、dnt ask me in; he kept me standing at the door _ he read the message. A. while B. before C. after D. which 12. Nows the time to buy a car, _ the interest rates are low. A. but B. which C. while D. until 13. The couple took good care of the baby _ occupied by their work. A. while B. after C. which D.

37、 since 14. How did you spend your time _ you were on holiday? A. although B. while C. which D. since 15. Because Jane had once had a bad accident _ driving, she was afraid to try it again. A. though B. unless C. for D. while （以上答案均是while）改錯題1.連詞 (1) I'm sorry,and I won't be able to come toni

38、ght. (2) He is not only a football player and also a famous writer. (3) What he said at the meeting was either important nor true. (4) You must get up early tomorrow, for I will go there alone. (5) Without both money or talent, science would progress slowly. (6) Though we got very tired,but we didn&

39、#39;t stop working in the factory. (7) Where Peter goes, he is welcome. (8) You'll miss the train until you hurry up. (9) If you are there or not doesn't matter much. (10)The book is interesting so it has many stories of adventure. (ll)You won't know the value of health after you lose it

40、. (12)Our flight from Beijing to London was delayed because the heavy fog. (13)Read the text slowly so you may understand the story better. (14)Do you know how Jane is getting on well with her classmates? (15)For you are free tonight, why not drop in and play chess with me? (16)It was already ten o&

41、#39;clock that we got to the park yesterday morning. (17)We know nothing about the man besides that he is from London. (18) Teachers should have patience, so children would never learn anything. (19)My brother is in favour of playing football,when my sister insisted on swimming. (20)The reason why M

42、ichael has made such great progress is because he has never wasted his time. 2.強調(diào)句 (1) Where was it she found her lost necklace? (2) It is the people who is really powerful. (3) It were Tim and Jim who cleaned the room. (4) There is not everybody that can draw so well. (5) Bob hoped it would be him

43、who would be invited. (6) It is at the gate where she will be waiting for me. (7) It was the first newspaper which was printed on a moving train. (8) It was because the bus broke down on the way to the station we missed the train. (9) Is it Tom that you saw yesterday? (10) It was noon that we got to

44、 the small village.1.連詞(1) 答案：and改為but，I'm sorry，but是一個固定說法。(2) 答案：and改為but; notonlybut also，固定搭配。(3)答案：either改為neither，neithernor，“既不也不”。(4)答案：for改為or, 否則，符合句意。(5)答案：or改為and，bothand固定搭配。(6)答案：去掉but，though不能跟but連用。(7)答案：Where改為Wherever，Wherever引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，“無論彼得到哪里”。(8)答案：until改為unless，unlessif hot除

45、非，如果不，符合句意。(9)答案：If改為Whether在句首引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，用whether不用if.(10)答案：so改為because，because引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，符合句意。(ll)答案：after改為until，notuntil，直到才。(12)答案：because后加of.because of后加名詞、代詞作賓語。(13)答案：so后加that， so that引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句。(14)答案：how改為that that引導(dǎo)一個賓語從句，或去掉well，由how引導(dǎo)賓語從句。(15)答案：For改為Sincefor引導(dǎo)的并列分句不能放在句首。(16)答案：that改為when這不

46、是一個強調(diào)名型，it指時間；when引導(dǎo)一個時間狀語從句。(17)答案：besides改為exceptbesides，除之外還有；except，除之外。(18)答案：so改為orotherwiseorotherwise，否則。(19)答案：when改為whilewhile而，然而。(20)答案：because改為thatThe reason is that，that引導(dǎo)表語從句，解釋、說明reason的內(nèi)容。2.強調(diào)句 (1)答案：it 后加that強調(diào)句式的特殊疑問句，疑問詞+iswasit+that+句子其他部分。(2)答案：who is 改為who are本句強調(diào)的是主語the peop

47、le，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)(3)答案：were改為was強調(diào)句式為It iswas+被強調(diào)部分，不管被強調(diào)部分在句中是什么成分，也不管被強調(diào)部分的單復(fù)數(shù)，句式一律是it wasis+被強調(diào)部分。(4)答案：There改為It本句為強調(diào)句，其結(jié)構(gòu)為hiswas+被強調(diào)部分+that+句子其他部分。(5)答案：him改為he強調(diào)句式強調(diào)的是主語，用主格。(6)答案：where改為that強調(diào)句式中只能用that引導(dǎo)句子的其他部分；如果強調(diào)的是主語，指人，可以用who引導(dǎo)句子其 他部分。(7)答案：which改為that同上。(8) station后+that(9)Is - Was(10) at noon練習(xí)

48、 連詞1 .He is very old,_ he still works very hard. A. but B.if C.when D.as2. _ you are dismissed.A. Neither you go nor B. Either you go or C. Whether you go or D. Both you go and3. They had camped once before, _ they knew what to take.A. because B. now C. so D. since4. Why these things happened was _

49、the driver had been careless. A. because of B. owing toC. due to D. that5. Although, it's raining, _are still working in the fields.A. they B. but they C. and theyD. so they6._we have satisfied you, you have no grounds of complaint.A. So B. Since that C. Now that D. By now.7. Write clearly _ you

50、r teacher can understand .you correctly.A. since B. for C. becauseD. so that8.You'll miss the train _ you hurry up.A. unless B. as C. if D. until9. Francis did the task_ his brother. A. as good as B. as better as C. as well as D. as best as10.The size of the audience,_ we had expected, was well

51、over twenty thousand.A. as B. what C. that D. whom11.I thought he hated the TV .You are right,_ he still watches the program.A. yet B. besides C. also D. then12. It looks _ it's going to rain.A. that B. as C. as if D. like that13._ to New York, her father has not heard from her.A. Because she we

52、nt B. After she wentC. When she went D. Since she went14._he daydreamed, Peter saw figures in the sky.A. Until B. Since C. While D. During15. We arrived at the station _ the train had left.A. after B. before C. since D. when16._ he was in poor health, he worked just as hard as everyone else.A. But B

53、. Although C. Even if D. If17. Give me one more minute _ I'll have finished.A. so B. until C. and D. when18. The worker hunted for jobs in New York for months,_ he could not find any work.A. and B. yet C. or D. and but19. Hurry up, _ you'll be late.A. or B. and C. so D. yet20. Do not make th

54、e same mistake _ I did.A. so B. as C. like D. that21. My sister is expecting me,_ I must be off now. A. however B. or C. so D. otherwise22. We should pay attention _ to industry _ to agriculture.A. either, or B. neither, nor C. not, but D. both, and23. He ran off_ I could stop him.A. before B. after C. since D. when24._ you told me, I had heard nothing of what happened. A. Till B. Until C. After