高考語(yǔ)法填空詞性轉(zhuǎn)換

1、 語(yǔ)法填空 一、題型介紹：200詞左右，類型為，短文或?qū)υ? 10處空白，部分空白的后面給出單詞的基本形式，要求考生根據(jù)上下文填寫空白處所需的內(nèi)容或所提供單詞的正確形式，所填寫詞語(yǔ)不得多于3個(gè)單詞。二、步驟： 1. 通讀全文，把握大意。（2min）1）對(duì)話：確定雙方關(guān)系，談話主題，情境，語(yǔ)氣等2）短文：弄清該文體裁，話題，中心思想，結(jié)構(gòu)。通讀全文的目的是為了把握全文的大意，為下一步填空做好語(yǔ)義上的準(zhǔn)備。因?yàn)檎Z(yǔ)義決定著空白處應(yīng)填一個(gè)什么樣的詞語(yǔ)并采用什么樣的語(yǔ)法形式。在通讀全文的過(guò)程中，為了準(zhǔn)確地把握其大意，很有必要弄清文章的題材，體裁，中心思想，寫作線索，篇章結(jié)構(gòu)，段落層次

2、，邏輯關(guān)系，詞句理解等。這樣有助于考生真正讀懂文章大意，也有利于填空時(shí)進(jìn)行必要的邏輯推理。2. 邊讀邊填，先易后難，語(yǔ)義形式雙管齊下3. 復(fù)讀全文，檢查答案。 （一）Mum (putting on her coat): Im going to have to go down to the shop for more bread. Alan: Why? Mum: Im 

3、not sure what _61_(happen). I made some sandwiches earlier and left them on the table _62_ I went to answer the phone. But someone must have taken them because&

4、#160;theyre _63_(go). Alan: Oh, it must have been Dad. Im sure he was in the kitchen_64_(early). Mum: No, he went off to his tennis match before I finished _65_

5、 them, so he couldnt have done it. _66_, he couldnt carry a plate of sandwiches as well as his tennis stuff, so Im sure _67_ wasnt him. Alan (opening fridg

6、e door): Well, it wasnt me. But Mum, look! Are these your sandwiches here on the bottom shelf of _68_fridge? Mum: Are they there? Oh, my goodness. I _69_ h

7、ave put them in there when the phone rang. Oh, dear. I really must be losing my _70_. Now, why did I put on my coat?61. happened  62. when 63. gone

8、60;64. earlier 65. making 66. Besides/Anyway 67. it 68. the 69. must  70. memory/mind（二）M: Hi, Mrs. Brown, this is Bill Nelson, from Flat Rental Company. Hows your apartmentworking out for you?W: Well, Mr. Nelson. Thats _ I would like

9、to talk to you about. Would you mind talking to the person upstairs and _ (ask) him to keep his music down at night? M: Ohhh. Who? Me?W: Yes. It thunders every night. And isnt _ your job to take care of these things?M: I just collect _ rent. W: And the air here _ (smell)! Is there a chemical factory

10、 nearby? M: No. Its the farm. See those horses, pigs and sheep on the farm nearby the river? So theres nothing I can do about that.W: Well, what about that noise? M: What noise? I dont hear _ (something).W: There, there it is again. M: Oh, that noise. I guess that is from the guns. Soldiers are doin

11、g their weekly drills. W: Weekly? You _ (kid)! Cant anything be done about it? M: Certainly. I _ (protest), and these activities should stopwithin the next three to fiveyears.W: Hey, you never told me about these problems _ I signed the rental agreement! Still expect me to keep _ the agreement? Well

12、, my lawyer will see you soon. (三) One Sunday morning in August I went to local music festival. I left it early because I had an appointment_1_(late) that day. My friends walked me to the bus stop and waited with me_2_the bus arrived. I got on the bus and found a seat near the back, and then I notic

13、ed a man_3_(sit) at the front. He_4_(pretend) that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice. He must be_5_(mental) disabled. Behind him were other people to_6_he was trying to talk, but after some minutes_7_walked away and sat near me, looking annoyed.I didnt want to be laughed at for talking to h

14、im but I didnt like leaving him_8_his own either. After a while I rose from my seat and walked to the front of the bus. I sat next to the man and introduced myself. We had_9_amazing conversation. He got off the bus before me and I felt very happy the rest of the way home. Im glad I made a choice. It

15、 made_10_of us feel good. 1. later 2. until/till 3. sitting 4. was pretending 5. mentally 6. whom 7. they 8. on 9. an 10. both三、技巧1. 句子成分：1） 主語(yǔ)：是一個(gè)句子的主體，是動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者。 Kimi likes Ultraman very much Its a truth that Jeff has many books.2） 謂語(yǔ)：對(duì)主語(yǔ)動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)陳述或說(shuō)明，指出主語(yǔ)“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么樣”Peter can solve the problem by

16、himself. The music sounds fantastic to us.3） 賓語(yǔ)：指一個(gè)動(dòng)作（動(dòng)詞）的接受者。分為動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)或介詞賓語(yǔ)；也可分為直接賓語(yǔ)和間接賓語(yǔ)。 I am tired of wasting money like this.I think that the price will continue to go up.4） 表語(yǔ)：用來(lái)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的身份、性質(zhì)、品性、特征和狀態(tài)的，位于系動(dòng)詞之后。 系動(dòng)詞： be(am, is, are); 感官動(dòng)詞（feel,look,sound） 保持類（remain,stay); 變化類（turn,grow，become）Tomorr

17、ow is another day. Leaves turn yellow in fall.My dream is that I can be a businessman in the future.5） 賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)的成分，使句子意思完整，并與賓語(yǔ)形成主謂關(guān)系。I find learning English easy. You should keep your room clean and tidy.We elected him our monitor.6） 定語(yǔ)：修飾、限定、說(shuō)明名詞或代詞的成分The tree in the park has a long history.I

18、have a lot of work to finish.They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.7） 狀語(yǔ)：表示一種狀態(tài)，并且修飾動(dòng)詞,形容詞和副詞或全句的成分 She runs fast. I chose English major because girls are much more than boys in it.8） 同位語(yǔ)Mr. Smith, our new teacher, is very kind to us6詞性名詞 n.代詞 pron.形容詞 adj.副詞 adv.動(dòng)詞 v.介詞 prep.冠詞

19、 art.數(shù)詞 num.連詞 conj.成份主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)2. 詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：1）表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)或補(bǔ)語(yǔ)，用形容詞。具體位置：系動(dòng)詞后，名詞代詞前1 The youngster immediately fell _ (silence) as tears flew down from his big blue eyes.解析：因在系動(dòng)詞felt后作表語(yǔ)，用形容詞，故填silent。2 In a _ (danger) part of the sea off the coast of New Zealand, they learnt to解析：在冠詞與名詞之間，要用形容詞，作定語(yǔ)，故填dange

20、rous。3 Teachers must try their best to make most of their students _ (interest) in the subject解析：因所填詞在句中作賓語(yǔ)most of their students的補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，用形容詞；表示“感興趣”，填interested。2）作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)，用名詞。具體位置：（謂語(yǔ)前）(及物動(dòng)詞和介詞后)1 When Chinas ancient scientific and technological _ (achieve) are mentioned, the nation will generally refe

21、r to the Four Great Inventions.解析：在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中，要求填的詞作主語(yǔ)，Chinas ancient scientific and technological是主語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)；作主語(yǔ)要用名詞，又由are可知，主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)，故填achievements。2 These people have made great _39_ (contribute) to China with their work.解析：在句中作及物動(dòng)詞have made的賓語(yǔ)，要用名詞形式；表示“作貢獻(xiàn)”，其前面沒有不定冠詞時(shí)，習(xí)慣上用復(fù)數(shù)，故填contributions。3 instructors

22、expect students to be familiar with _32_ (inform) in the reading 解析：因with是介詞，在介詞后作賓語(yǔ)，要用名詞，故填information。3）在形容詞性物主代詞后，或者在“冠詞(+形容詞)”后，用名詞形式。如：1 the remains date from this period because of their _38_ (similar) to those found elsewhere. 解析：在形容詞性物代詞(their)后應(yīng)當(dāng)用名詞，故填similarities。2 With the large numbers o

23、f students, the _ (operate) of the system does involve a certain amount of activity.解析：在冠詞后，要用名詞，故填operation。4）修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞，或整個(gè)句子，作狀語(yǔ)，用副詞。1  As I looked _32_ (close) at this girl, I fount that 解析：修飾動(dòng)詞looked，作狀語(yǔ)，用副詞，故填closely。2 There must be something _40_ (serious) wrong with our society. 解析：要求填

24、的詞修飾形容詞wrong，作狀語(yǔ)，用副詞，故填seriously。3Singles are flocking(涌向) to the Internet _33_ (main) because their busy lifestyles leave them little time 解析：修飾because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句，修飾整個(gè)句子，作狀語(yǔ)，用副詞，故填mainly。5）可能詞義轉(zhuǎn)換，與詞根意義相反的派生詞，需根據(jù)句子意思及前后邏輯關(guān)系，在詞根前加un, im等，在詞根后加less等。1 People certainly have a variety of reasons for going

25、 back to school but one important thing to know is, no knowledge is _ (use).解析：作表語(yǔ)要用形容詞；又由句意可知，作者是表達(dá)“沒有什么知識(shí)是無(wú)用的”，故填useless。2 Your mistake caused a lot of _ (necessary) work in the office.解析：在名詞前作定語(yǔ)，仍用形容詞形式；但根據(jù)句意可知，錯(cuò)誤是引起不必要的麻煩事，故填unnecessary。課后習(xí)題：1. He pushed and pulled with all his 39 (strong) to mo

26、ve it. 2. Though not so popular as before, the custom is still observed by people in many places, especially Tujia people, who view it as a 34 (necessary) to marriage procedure.3. People arent always those who they declare to be in their online 39 (describe)4. Polar bears depend on the sea ice for t

27、heir 36 (survive).5. But nothing has prepared the bears for the danger that 34 (threat) the only home they know.6. Polar bears depend on the sea ice for their 36 (survive)7. To most of us, friendships are considered 33 (importance)。8. with a long reading assignment is given, instructors expect stude

28、nts to be familiar with 32_ (inform) in the reading even if they do not discuss it in class or take an examination.9. The man ran to his son, knocked him away, hammered the little boy's hands into pulp(果漿汁) as 33 (punish).10. But somewhere along the line they learn to be _36_(practice).11But thi

29、s type of housing, _33_(call) co-housing, is gaining _34_ (popular) in the United States, too.12. A co-housing community has _35_ (private) owned houses and shared land.13. 33 ( tradition ), it was the woman's job to cook food and 34 ( set ) the table .14. She took me from a poor, unhappy colleg

30、e student and 38 ( bring ) me into her world; a world of smiles, love and 39 ( warm ).15. While your IQ tells you how 36_ (intelligence) you are, your EQ tells you how well you use your intelligence.16. I took out my guide book in which there was a lot of information about the city's well-known

31、tourist 34 (attract) and started to read.17. Thanks to the campaign, public 39 (aware) of agricultural product quality and food safety has been strengthened.18. Soon the "toy" turns out to be a communication device lost by aliens, who_36_(desperate) want it back.19. Once again, the other f

32、rogs cried at him and told him to stop and just allow himself to die. He jumped even harder and 37 (final)made himself out.20. Singles are flocking(涌向) to the Internet 33 because their busy lifestyles leave them little time to look for a significant other.21. As far as I am concerned, my 37 (suggest) is that we should always have a notebook and a Chinese-English dictionary within easy reach