主謂語(yǔ)一致公開課課件

1、每日一句Every hour and every minute is precious to us because only about 6 months are left for us to prepare for the college entrance examinations. 考點(diǎn)？考點(diǎn)？Subject-Verb Agreement南京東山外校南京東山外校 高三英語(yǔ)備課組高三英語(yǔ)備課組要點(diǎn)精析要點(diǎn)精析 定義？定義？ 三個(gè)原則？三個(gè)原則？【定義【定義】 主謂語(yǔ)一致指的是句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與其主語(yǔ)在主謂語(yǔ)一致指的是句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與其主語(yǔ)在人稱、人稱、性、數(shù)性、數(shù)上必須保持一致。上必須保持一致

2、?！救龡l原則【三條原則】 1.語(yǔ)法一致原則（略）語(yǔ)法一致原則（略） 2.就近一致原則就近一致原則 3.意義一致原則意義一致原則就近一致原則就近一致原則 1. Neither my gloves nor my hat _ with the dress. A. go B. goes C. is D. are 2. (2009湖南高考湖南高考)Either you or one of your students_ to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow. A. are B. is C. have D. be 【考點(diǎn)歸納【考點(diǎn)歸納】 1.由由or，eith

3、er.or.，neither.nor.，not only.but also. 等連接的并列主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常與最近的主語(yǔ)在單復(fù)數(shù)等連接的并列主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常與最近的主語(yǔ)在單復(fù)數(shù) 上保持一致。上保持一致。 2. 由由there，here引起的主語(yǔ)不止一個(gè)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)通常和最鄰引起的主語(yǔ)不止一個(gè)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)通常和最鄰 近的主語(yǔ)保持一致。近的主語(yǔ)保持一致。BB【例句讀一讀】Are neither you nor I fit for the work？你和我都不適合這份工作嗎？你和我都不適合這份工作嗎？意義一致原則意義一致原則 1. 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞只有單數(shù)的情況謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞只有單數(shù)的情況 2. 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞只有復(fù)數(shù)的情況謂語(yǔ)

4、動(dòng)詞只有復(fù)數(shù)的情況 3. 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)視情況而定謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)視情況而定1. 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞只有單數(shù)的情況謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞只有單數(shù)的情況 1.) “one/every one/each/either/the number +of+復(fù)復(fù)數(shù)名詞數(shù)名詞” 作主語(yǔ)。作主語(yǔ)。 Each of the students has a book. 2) clothing，furniture，traffic，jewellery,baggage, equipment，luggage 等無(wú)生命的集體名詞作主語(yǔ)。等無(wú)生命的集體名詞作主語(yǔ)。 Clothing is badly needed in this flooded ar

5、ea. (3) 表示時(shí)間、距離、金錢等復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)，表達(dá)一表示時(shí)間、距離、金錢等復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)，表達(dá)一個(gè)整體概念。個(gè)整體概念。 Three weeks is a long time to wait for an answer.4. 以以s結(jié)尾的表示學(xué)科、國(guó)家、機(jī)構(gòu)、書籍、結(jié)尾的表示學(xué)科、國(guó)家、機(jī)構(gòu)、書籍、報(bào)刊等名稱的詞作主語(yǔ)。報(bào)刊等名稱的詞作主語(yǔ)。 Physics is one of my favourite subjects. (5) 由由every-，any-，some-，no-和和-one，-thing，-body等所構(gòu)成的不定代詞作主語(yǔ)。等所構(gòu)成的不定代詞作主語(yǔ)。 Is everyb

6、ody here today？ (6) 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、名詞性從句作主語(yǔ)。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、名詞性從句作主語(yǔ)。 Persuading him to join us seems really hard. To go to bed early and to rise early is a good habit.【練一練【練一練】The number of deer, mountain lions, and wild roses does not change much if people leave things as they are.【高考鏈接【高考鏈接】 1. (2009江蘇江蘇) At presen

7、t，one of the arguments in favor of the new airport_ that it will bring a lot of jobs to the area. A. isB. are C. will be D. was 2. （2010湖南）湖南） Listening to loud music at rock concerts _ caused hearing loss in some teenagers. A. is B. are C. has D. haveAc2. 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞只有復(fù)數(shù)的情況謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞只有復(fù)數(shù)的情況 (1) people，police，ca

8、ttle等有生命的集體名詞作主語(yǔ)。等有生命的集體名詞作主語(yǔ)。 People read for pleasure during their spare time. (2)一些常用作復(fù)數(shù)或只有復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞，如一些常用作復(fù)數(shù)或只有復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞，如goods，stairs, arms等作主語(yǔ)。等作主語(yǔ)。 (3)由山脈、群島、瀑布、運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)等以由山脈、群島、瀑布、運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)等以s結(jié)尾結(jié)尾的專有名詞作主語(yǔ)。的專有名詞作主語(yǔ)。 The Olympic Games are held once every four years. (4)a number of/quantities of/a group of名詞作

9、主語(yǔ)。名詞作主語(yǔ)。 A number of the other plants were found in America.The sick have been cured and the lost have been found.5. The+形容詞形容詞/分詞，指一類人，謂語(yǔ)分詞，指一類人，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。3. 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)視情況而定謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)視情況而定 (1)集體名詞集體名詞class，family，army，team，club，population，enemy，party，crowd，crew，audience， public，government，majority

10、，group等作主語(yǔ)，等作主語(yǔ)，強(qiáng)調(diào)整體時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)強(qiáng)調(diào)整體時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，指?jìng)€(gè)體成員用復(fù)數(shù)詞用單數(shù)，指?jìng)€(gè)體成員用復(fù)數(shù)。 The population in China _ very large and 80% of the population _ in rural areas. A is, lives B are, live C are, lives D is, liveD(2)單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)形式要，這單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)形式要，這類詞有：類詞有：means，works，pains，deer， fish，sheep等等根據(jù)其具體含義而定根據(jù)其具體含義而定。 _ to

11、 solve the problem，but none is effective.每個(gè)方法都試過(guò)了每個(gè)方法都試過(guò)了 _ communicating with a stranger.有各種各樣的有各種各樣的 (3) “kind，sort，pair，type名詞名詞”作主語(yǔ)，作主語(yǔ)，以以這些名詞本身的單復(fù)數(shù)而定。這些名詞本身的單復(fù)數(shù)而定。 This kind of paper_(用草生產(chǎn)的用草生產(chǎn)的). Some kinds of animals _(將要滅絕將要滅絕). Every means has been triedThere are various means ofis made of

12、straware dying out(4) all，none，some，any等不定代詞作主語(yǔ)，根等不定代詞作主語(yǔ)，根據(jù)其指代的內(nèi)容而定。據(jù)其指代的內(nèi)容而定。 所有的人都已經(jīng)到位，一切就緒。所有的人都已經(jīng)到位，一切就緒。 All _ and all _.are hereis ready(5) “of名詞名詞”作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要和作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要和of之后的之后的名詞單復(fù)數(shù)保持一致。名詞單復(fù)數(shù)保持一致。Most of the apple was eaten by a rat.Most of the apples were rotten. A professor, together with s

13、ome foreign students, _ (be) sent to help in the work. No one but the teachers _ (be) the target reader of the book.6.主語(yǔ)后有主語(yǔ)后有as well as, like, with, together with, but, except, besides,等，謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)于前等，謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)于前面主語(yǔ)保持一致面主語(yǔ)保持一致wasis難點(diǎn)突圍 1. 單數(shù)形式表示復(fù)數(shù)的情況：?jiǎn)螖?shù)形式表示復(fù)數(shù)的情況： “no/each/every/many a單數(shù)名詞單數(shù)名詞andno/each/every/ma

14、ny a單數(shù)名詞單數(shù)名詞”作主語(yǔ)。作主語(yǔ)。 More than one+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞No teacher and no student _(be) in the classroom.Every pen and every book _ ( lay ) on the desk already.has been laidis2. and并列的情況：并列的情況：A. 由由and連接的兩個(gè)并列成分表示兩個(gè)不同的連接的兩個(gè)并列成分表示兩個(gè)不同的概念。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是復(fù)數(shù)形式。概念。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是復(fù)數(shù)形式。 Both bread and butter are sold out.A hammer and

15、a saw are useful tools. 錘子和鋸子是有用的工錘子和鋸子是有用的工具。具。_Whisky and soda is always his favourite drink.B 用用and連接的成對(duì)名詞習(xí)慣上被看成是一個(gè)整體，連接的成對(duì)名詞習(xí)慣上被看成是一個(gè)整體，如如bread and butter, knife and fork等做主語(yǔ)，等做主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。3. one of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)名詞+定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句 the (only) one of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)名詞+定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句 A. He is the only one of the stude

16、nts who _ (be) a winner of scholarship for three years. B. She is one of the few girls who_ (be) well paid in the kindergarten.is are4. 主語(yǔ)從句后的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞主語(yǔ)從句后的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞1. Whatever was left _ (be )taken away.2. What they need _ (be) books. 溫馨提示溫馨提示 what引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)形式，詞一般用單數(shù)形式，但若從句謂語(yǔ)或從句但若從句謂語(yǔ)或從句后的

17、表語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)形式后的表語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)形式，則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)，則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。形式。wasare1. On the wall_ two large portraits. A. hangs B. hang C. hanged D. hanging2. “News of victories _ pouring in as our army advances,” the company commander said. A. keep B. keeps C. kept D. have kept3. There _ a lot of milk in the bottle. A. are B. is C. w

18、ere D. has4. Zhangs family _ rather big, with twelve people in all. A. is B. are C. being D. wasBBBA【歷年高考題訓(xùn)練【歷年高考題訓(xùn)練】 5. Nobody but Jane and Mary _ the secret. A. know B. knows C. have known D. is known 6 Listening to loud music at rock concerts caused hearing loss in some teenagers.（10湖南）湖南） A. is

19、B. are C. has D. have 7Such poets as Shakespeare_ widely read，of whose works，however，some difficult to understand(10四川）四川） Aare；are Bis；is Care；is Dis：areBCA 8. Barbara is easy to recognize as shes the only one of the women who_ evening dress.（10全國(guó)全國(guó)2） A. wear B. wears C. has worn D. have worn 9. It is reported that many a new house at present in the disaster area. （10陜西）陜西） A. are being built B. were being built C. was being built