英 語 發(fā) 音 講 座 講 義

1、英 語 發(fā) 音 講 座 講 義 - 單詞重音和連讀Part 1: Stressed and unstressed Vowels/元音的重讀和非重讀1，練習：請用國際音標標出下列單詞中元音字母的發(fā)音bananadependencetinyinvisibleeconomic lonelinesssuperassumesupport2，Summary/歸納：(1) Stressed “a”: apparent active late communicationUnstressed “a”: apparent awardvillage usage(2) Stressed “e”: effect ech

2、o effortUnstressed “e”: effectdevicemechanic (3) Stressed “i”: lifedefineindividualability Unstressed “i”: definiteindividualability(4) Stressed “o”: noteobject (n)wonUnstressed “o”: objective, community, commune (5) Stressed “u”: community, commune, put, pull, sun, subtitle (6) Unstressed “u”: supp

3、ort,supplyactually usually3，Rule/規(guī)律:Unstressed vowels are usually pronounced /E/, /I/ or /u/.4，練習：注意重音和元音的發(fā)音judgmentnationaroundoccurmineralsimilardistinguishabandonapparentlymemorablepersonallyaccuracymagazineadditionaleducationscientificanniversarycommunicationpronunciationPart 2: syllables/音節(jié)的劃分一

4、個英語音節(jié)必須有元音，一個英語單詞中有多少個元音（或元音群, 如/aI/, /eI/, /IE/，/eE/，/CI/等），那它就有多少個音節(jié)，例如:單音節(jié): a, I, eat, my, stay, ski, kid, clear, stair, boy雙音節(jié): num-ber, de-cide, Eng-lish 三音節(jié): beau-ti-ful, dis-cus-sionPart 3: 幫你確定重音位置的一些規(guī)則：Rule One：強調(diào)復合詞（名詞）中的第一個詞。a deadline: to meet a deadlineb classroom: a noisy classroomc so

5、ftware: to install the softwared air conditioner: to fix the air conditioner練習：朗讀下面的復合詞，注意詞重音。Group 1:SunglassesearthquaketeenagerGroup 2:seat belttelevision stationspace shuttleheart attackRule Two: 反身代詞的重音在 self 或 selves 上。a Myself: I went there by myself.b Themselves: They finished it by themselv

6、es.Rule Three: 帶-teen 的數(shù)詞重音在-teen音節(jié)上。帶-ty的數(shù)詞重音在-ty音節(jié)上。區(qū)別下列數(shù)詞：a She has sixty / sixteen candles.b Well board our plant at Gate 40 / 14.另一個區(qū)別teen 和ty 的方法：在 “teen”音節(jié)中的 /t/ 一般十分清晰，而在“ty”音節(jié)中的 /t/ 偏濁聲，聽起來有點像/d/. 例如， eighdy thirdy sixdy.eighteen thirteensixteenRule Four: 含前綴的單詞重音一般在詞根或詞根的第一個音節(jié)，前綴弱讀。NounsAd

7、jectivesVerbsawardunhealthydeclaresurprisebehindexplainproposalasleepforgetcomplaintincredibleobtainExceptions/例外 1：有些名詞重音在前綴，如：fore-out-over-forearm outlook overcoatforecastoutlineoverdoseunder-up- underwearuproarunderpassupkeep2：有些詞在作名詞時，重音在前綴；作動詞時，重音在詞根：NounVerbincrease/Inkri:z/ 上升/Inkri:z/ 上升dec

8、rease/dIkri:z/ 下降/dIkri:z/ 下降record/rekC:d/紀錄，唱片/rIkC:d/錄音produce/prCdju:s/農(nóng)產(chǎn)品/prEdju:s/生產(chǎn)project/prCGekt/工程/prEGekt/投影，預測object/CbGekt/物質/EbGekt/反對conduct/kandVkt/行為/kEndVkt/做present/presEnt/禮物/prIsent/提出rebel/rebEl/ 反叛者/rIbel/ 反叛suspect/sVspekt/嫌疑犯/sEspekt/ 懷疑convict/kanvIkt/囚犯/kEnvIkt/ 宣判insult/I

9、nsVlt/ 侮辱/InsVlt/ 侮辱Rule 5: 后綴對重音的影響1，后綴不影響詞根的重音-enthreaten, weaken-erteacher, baker-fulcolorful, wonderful-hoodchildhood, neighborhood-ingopening, beginning-ishchildish, selfish-lesscareless, mindless-lyfriendly, unbelievably -shipscholarship, relationship-nesstidiness, loneliness2, 后綴自身接受重音 (法語詞綴)

10、-airemillionaire, questionnaire-eeemployee, tutee, refugee-eerengineer, volunteer, mountaineer-eseChinese, Japanese, Vietnamese-etballet, bouquet, valet-ettecassette-oonballoon, saloon, bassoon3，后綴使重音的位置發(fā)生變化science-icscientificorganorganic1. 重音在倒數(shù)第二個音節(jié)pure-ifyPurifyhumidhumidify2. 重音在倒數(shù)第三個音節(jié)photo-gr

11、aphyphotographybiographygeography3. 重音在-graphy前的一個音節(jié)technology-icaltechnologicaleconomyeconomicaltheoryTheoretical4. 重音在倒數(shù)第三個音節(jié)-ogy (學科)BiologyPsychologyanthropology5. 重音在倒數(shù)第三個音節(jié)courage-eous/-iouscourageoussuspicionsuspicious6. 重音在倒數(shù)第二個音節(jié)。finance-ialfinancialofficeofficialcommercecommercial7. 重音在倒數(shù)第

12、二個音節(jié)。minor-ityMinorityfatalFatality8. 重音在倒數(shù)第三個音節(jié)Possible-bilitypossibilityableAbilitycapableCapability9. 重音在bi音節(jié)上。Communicate-tion/sionCommunicationPronouncePronunciationaddictaddictionpermitpermission10. 重音在倒數(shù)第二個音節(jié)technique-ianTechnicianPhysicsPhysicianCanadaCanadian11. 重音在倒數(shù)第二個音節(jié)。Part 4： 連讀Linking

13、1，以元音開始的單詞會和前一單詞的輔音結尾連讀, 這種現(xiàn)象叫連讀（Linking）。例如：a Whats up?b Shes on the phone.c Come on in.d How much is it?e The plane is going to take off soon.f Drop him off at the library.從上面的例子中可以知道連讀現(xiàn)象經(jīng)常涉及英語中的一些以元音開始的“小詞”。 如：up, on, in, is, it, off, him。2. 一首練習連讀的好歌：（劃線部分為連讀，請同學到網(wǎng)上下載歌曲） Top of the World , perfo

14、rmed by the CarpentersSuch a feeling's coming over meThere's wonder in most everything I seeNot a cloud in the skyGot the sun in my eyesAnd I won't be surprised if it's a dreamEverything I want the world to be Is now coming true especially for meAnd the reason is clearIt's becaus

15、e you are hereYou're the nearest thing to heaven that I've seenI'm on the top of the world looking down on creationAnd the only explanation I can findIs the love that I've found ever since you've been aroundYour love's put me at the top of the worldSomething in the wind has l

16、earned my nameAnd it's telling me that things are not the sameIn the leaves on the trees and the touch of the breezeThere's a pleasing sense of happiness for meThere is only one wish on my mindWhen this day is through I hope that I will findThat tomorrow will be just the same for you and meA

17、ll I need will be mine if you are hereI'm on the top of the world looking down on creationAnd the only explanation I can findIs the love that I've found ever since you've been aroundYour love's put me at the top of the world3/t/, /d/ 和 you 的連讀：/t/ + /y/ = /7/ ; /d/ + /y/ = /G/a Dont you know its Halloween this Sunday?b Cant you go with me?c Did you know who invented the telegraph?d Would you like to join us?e I called you last night.4連讀也發(fā)生在下面劃線部分的兩個單詞中。a Its a good deal.b Its a big game.c I felt tired all day.d Take this seat.第一個單詞的詞尾輔音與第二個單詞的詞首輔音相同。發(fā)音時，會省略前一個單詞的詞尾輔音。所以第一個