傳動(dòng)軸介紹中英文對(duì)照0001

1、傳動(dòng)軸專業(yè)英語(yǔ)實(shí)訓(xùn)報(bào)告班級(jí)： 094022學(xué)號(hào)： 09402213姓名：劉軍各式各樣的傳動(dòng)軸傳動(dòng)軸是一個(gè)高轉(zhuǎn)速、少支承的旋轉(zhuǎn)體，因此它的動(dòng)平衡是 至關(guān)重要的。一般傳動(dòng)軸在出廠前都要進(jìn)行動(dòng)平衡試驗(yàn)，并在平衡機(jī)上進(jìn)行了調(diào)整。 對(duì)前置引擎后輪驅(qū)動(dòng)的車來(lái)說(shuō)是把變速器的轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)傳到主減速器的軸，它可以是好幾節(jié) 的，節(jié)與節(jié)之間可以由萬(wàn)向節(jié)連接。.簡(jiǎn)介傳動(dòng)軸是由軸管、伸縮套和萬(wàn)向節(jié)組成。傳動(dòng)軸 (Driveshaft)連接或裝配各項(xiàng)配 件，而又可移動(dòng)或轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)的圓形物體配件，一般均使用輕而抗扭性佳的合金鋼管制成。 對(duì)前置引擎后輪驅(qū)動(dòng)的車來(lái)說(shuō)是把變速器的轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)傳到主減速器的軸，它可以是好幾節(jié) 由萬(wàn)向節(jié)連接。它是一個(gè)高轉(zhuǎn)

2、速、少支承的旋轉(zhuǎn)體，因此它的動(dòng)平衡是至關(guān)重要的。 一般傳動(dòng)軸在出廠前都要進(jìn)行動(dòng)平衡試驗(yàn)，并在平衡機(jī)上進(jìn)行了調(diào)整。二. 結(jié)構(gòu)傳動(dòng)軸是由軸管、伸縮套和萬(wàn)向節(jié)組成。伸縮套能自動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)變速器與驅(qū)動(dòng)橋之間距 離的變化。萬(wàn)向節(jié)是保證變速器輸出軸與驅(qū)動(dòng)橋輸入軸兩軸線夾角的變化，并實(shí)現(xiàn)兩 軸的等角速傳動(dòng)。萬(wàn)向節(jié)1. 作用：一般萬(wàn)向節(jié)由十字軸、十字軸承和凸緣叉等組成。萬(wàn)向節(jié)是汽車傳動(dòng)軸 上的關(guān)鍵部件。在前置發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)后輪驅(qū)動(dòng)的車輛上，萬(wàn)向節(jié)傳動(dòng)軸安裝在變速器輸出軸 與驅(qū)動(dòng)橋主減速器輸入軸之間；而前置發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)前輪驅(qū)動(dòng)的車輛省略了傳動(dòng)軸，萬(wàn)向節(jié) 安裝在既負(fù)責(zé)驅(qū)動(dòng)又負(fù)責(zé)轉(zhuǎn)向的前橋半軸與車輪之間。車輛在運(yùn)行中路面不平產(chǎn)生跳 動(dòng)

3、，負(fù)荷變化或者兩個(gè)總成安裝位置差異，都會(huì)使得變速器輸出軸與驅(qū)動(dòng)橋主減速器 輸入軸之間的夾角和距離發(fā)生變化，因此要用一個(gè)“以變應(yīng)變”的裝置來(lái)解決這一個(gè) 問(wèn)題，因此就有了萬(wàn)向節(jié)。2.傳動(dòng)特點(diǎn)：在發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)前置后輪驅(qū)動(dòng)（或全輪驅(qū)動(dòng)）的汽車上，由于汽車在運(yùn)動(dòng)過(guò)程中懸架變形，驅(qū)動(dòng)軸主減速器輸入軸與變速器（或分動(dòng)箱）輸出軸間經(jīng)常有 相對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)，此外，為有效避開(kāi)某些機(jī)構(gòu)或裝置（無(wú)法實(shí)現(xiàn)直線傳遞），必須有一種裝 置來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)動(dòng)力的正常傳遞，于是就出現(xiàn)了萬(wàn)向節(jié)傳動(dòng)。萬(wàn)向節(jié)傳動(dòng)必須具備以下特 占：八、a、保證所連接兩軸的相對(duì)位置在預(yù)計(jì)范圍內(nèi)變動(dòng)時(shí)，能可靠地傳遞動(dòng)力；保證所連接兩軸能均勻運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。由于萬(wàn)向節(jié)夾角而產(chǎn)生的附加載荷、

4、振動(dòng)和噪聲應(yīng)在允 許范圍內(nèi)；c、傳動(dòng)效率要高，使用壽命長(zhǎng)，結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單，制造方便，維修容易。對(duì)汽車而言，由 于一個(gè)十字軸萬(wàn)向節(jié)的輸 出軸相對(duì)于輸入軸（有一定的夾角）是不等速旋轉(zhuǎn)的，為此 必須采用雙萬(wàn)向節(jié)（或多萬(wàn)向節(jié)）傳動(dòng)，并把同傳動(dòng)軸相連的兩個(gè)萬(wàn)向節(jié)叉布置在同 一平面，且使兩萬(wàn)向節(jié)的夾角相等。這一點(diǎn)是十分重要的。在設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)應(yīng)盡量減小萬(wàn)向 節(jié)的夾角。伸縮套傳統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)的傳動(dòng)軸伸縮套是將花鍵套與喰叉焊接在一起，將花鍵軸焊在傳動(dòng)軸管 上。新型的的傳動(dòng)軸一改傳統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)花鍵套與傳動(dòng)軸管焊接成一體，將花鍵軸與凸 緣叉制成一體。并將矩形齒花鍵改壓力角漸開(kāi)線短齒花鍵，這樣既增加了強(qiáng)度又了沖擊負(fù)荷對(duì)傳動(dòng)軸的損便于擠壓成形，

5、適應(yīng)大轉(zhuǎn)矩工況的埜。紹伸縮套g軸的牙齒表面，整體涂浸了一層尼龍材料，不僅增加了耐磨性和自潤(rùn)滑性h 害，提高了緩沖能力。此種傳動(dòng)軸在凸緣花鍵軸外增加了一個(gè)管形密封保護(hù)套，在該保護(hù)套端部設(shè)置 了兩道聚氨酯橡膠油封，使伸縮套內(nèi)形成廠一個(gè)完全密封的空間，使伸縮花鍵軸不受 外界沙塵的侵蝕，不僅防塵而且防銹。因此在裝配時(shí)在花鍵軸與套內(nèi)一次性涂抹潤(rùn)滑 脂，就完全可以滿足使用要求，不需要裝油嘴潤(rùn)滑，減少了保養(yǎng)內(nèi)容。軸套是為了減少軸運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)的摩擦與磨損而設(shè)計(jì)出來(lái)的，基本用途與軸承無(wú)異，而且相 對(duì)成本較便宜，但摩擦阻力較大，所以只會(huì)使用于部份部件上。軸套大多都以銅制 成，但亦有塑膠制的軸套。軸套多被放置于軸與承托結(jié)

6、構(gòu)中，而且非常緊貼承托結(jié) 構(gòu)，只有軸能在軸套上轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)。在裝配軸與軸套時(shí)，兩者間會(huì)加入潤(rùn)滑劑以減少其轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng) 時(shí)產(chǎn)生的摩擦力。三. 類型按彈性分傳動(dòng)軸按其重要部件 - 萬(wàn)向節(jié)的不同，可有不同的分類。如果按萬(wàn)向節(jié)在扭轉(zhuǎn)的方向是否有明顯的彈性可分為剛性萬(wàn)向節(jié)傳動(dòng)軸和撓性萬(wàn)向節(jié)傳動(dòng)軸。1. 剛性萬(wàn)向節(jié)：靠零件的鉸鏈?zhǔn)铰?lián)接傳遞動(dòng)力的。2. 撓行萬(wàn)向節(jié)：靠彈性零件傳遞動(dòng)力，并具有緩沖減振作用。按角速率分剛性萬(wàn)向節(jié)又可分為不等速萬(wàn)向節(jié)（如十字軸式萬(wàn)向節(jié)）、準(zhǔn)等速萬(wàn)向節(jié)（如雙 聯(lián)式萬(wàn)向節(jié)、三銷軸式萬(wàn)向節(jié)）和等速萬(wàn)向節(jié)（如球籠式萬(wàn)向節(jié)、球叉式萬(wàn)向節(jié)）。 等速與不等速，是指從動(dòng)軸在隨著主動(dòng)軸轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)時(shí)，兩者的轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)角速率是否

7、相等而言 的，當(dāng)然，主動(dòng)軸和從動(dòng)軸的平均轉(zhuǎn)速是相等的。1. 等速萬(wàn)向節(jié)： 主、從動(dòng)軸的角速度在兩軸之間的夾角變動(dòng)時(shí)仍然相等的萬(wàn) 向節(jié)，稱為等速萬(wàn)向節(jié)或等角速萬(wàn)向節(jié)。它們主要用于轉(zhuǎn)向驅(qū)動(dòng)橋、斷開(kāi)式驅(qū)動(dòng)橋等 的車輪傳動(dòng)裝置中，主要用于轎車中的動(dòng)力傳遞。2. 不等速萬(wàn)向節(jié)： 主、從動(dòng)軸的角速度在兩軸之間的夾角變動(dòng)時(shí)不相等的萬(wàn) 向節(jié)，稱為不等速萬(wàn)向節(jié)，也叫做十字軸式萬(wàn)向節(jié)。十字軸式剛性萬(wàn)向節(jié)傳動(dòng)軸在汽車傳動(dòng)系中用得最廣泛，歷史也最悠久。當(dāng)轎車 為后輪驅(qū)動(dòng)時(shí)，常采用十字軸式萬(wàn)向節(jié)傳動(dòng)軸，對(duì)部分高檔轎車，也有采用等速球頭 的；當(dāng)轎車為前輪驅(qū)動(dòng)時(shí)，則常采用等速萬(wàn)向節(jié)等速萬(wàn)向節(jié)也是一種傳動(dòng)軸，只 是稱謂不同而

8、已。平時(shí)所說(shuō)的傳動(dòng)軸一般指的就是十字軸式剛性萬(wàn)向節(jié)傳動(dòng)軸。十字 軸式剛性萬(wàn)向節(jié)主要用于傳遞角度的變化，一般由突緣叉、十字軸帶滾針軸承總成、 萬(wàn)向節(jié)叉或滑動(dòng)叉、中間連接叉或花鍵軸叉、滾針軸承的軸向固定件等組成。突緣叉是一個(gè)帶法蘭的叉形零件，一般采用中碳鋼或中碳合金鋼的鍛造件，也有 采用球墨鑄鐵的砂型鑄造件和中碳鋼或中碳優(yōu)質(zhì)合金鋼的精密鑄造件。突緣叉一般帶 一個(gè)平法蘭，也有帶一個(gè)端面梯形齒法蘭的。十字軸帶滾針軸承總成一般包括四個(gè)滾 針軸承、一個(gè)十字軸、一個(gè)滑脂嘴。滾針軸承一般由若干個(gè)滾針、一個(gè)軸承碗、一個(gè) 多刃口橡膠油封（部分帶骨架）組成。在某些滾針軸承中，還有一個(gè)帶油槽的圓形墊 片，有尼龍的，也

9、有采用銅片或其他材料的，主要用于減小萬(wàn)向節(jié)軸向間隙，提高傳 動(dòng)軸動(dòng)平衡品質(zhì)。萬(wàn)向節(jié)叉是一個(gè)叉形零件，一般采用中碳鋼或中碳合金鋼的鍛造 件，也有采用中碳鋼的精密鑄造件。滾針軸承的軸向固定件一般是孔（或軸）用彈性 擋圈（內(nèi)外卡式），或軸承壓板、鎖片、螺栓等。四. 用途專用汽車傳動(dòng)軸主要用在油罐車，加油車，灑水車，吸污車，吸糞車，消防車，高壓清洗車，道路清障車，高空作業(yè)車，垃圾車等車型上。五 . 使用與保養(yǎng)為了確保傳動(dòng)軸的正常工作，延長(zhǎng)其使用壽命，在使用中應(yīng)注意:嚴(yán)禁汽車用高速檔起步。嚴(yán)禁猛抬離合器踏板。嚴(yán)禁汽車超載、超速行駛。應(yīng)經(jīng)常檢查傳動(dòng)軸工作狀況。5是否松曠，傳動(dòng)軸是否變形。應(yīng)經(jīng)常檢查傳動(dòng)軸吊

10、架緊固情況，支承橡膠是否損壞，傳動(dòng)軸各連接部位6為了保證傳動(dòng)軸的動(dòng)平衡，應(yīng)經(jīng)常注意平衡焊片是否脫焊。新傳動(dòng)軸組件是配套提供的，在新傳動(dòng)軸裝車時(shí)應(yīng)注意伸縮套的裝配標(biāo)記，應(yīng)保證凸緣叉在一個(gè) 平面內(nèi)。在維修拆卸傳動(dòng)軸時(shí)，應(yīng)在伸縮套與凸緣軸上打印裝配標(biāo)記，以備重新裝 配時(shí)保持原裝配關(guān)系不變。7 應(yīng)經(jīng)常為萬(wàn)向節(jié)十字軸承加注潤(rùn)滑脂，夏季應(yīng)注入3號(hào)鋰基潤(rùn)滑脂，冬季注入2號(hào)鋰基潤(rùn)滑脂。差速器-t Jri&v3HE汽車發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的動(dòng)力經(jīng)離合器、變速器、傳動(dòng)軸，最后傳送到驅(qū)動(dòng)橋再左右分配給半軸 驅(qū)動(dòng)車輪，在這條動(dòng)力傳送途徑上，驅(qū)動(dòng)橋是最后一個(gè)總成，它的主要部件是減速器 和差速器。.簡(jiǎn)介減速器的作用就是減速增矩

11、，這個(gè)功能完全靠齒輪與齒輪之間的嚙合完成，比較 容易理解。而差速器就比較難理解，什么叫差速器，為什么要“差速”？汽車差速器是驅(qū)動(dòng)橋的主件。它的作用就是在向兩邊半軸傳遞動(dòng)力的同時(shí)，允許兩邊半軸以 不同的轉(zhuǎn)速旋轉(zhuǎn)，滿足兩邊車輪盡可能以純滾動(dòng)的形式作不等距行駛，減少輪胎與地 面的摩擦。二.功能VIV mon4S 0«侖ftrutarat汽車在拐彎時(shí)車輪的軌線是圓弧，如果汽車向左轉(zhuǎn)彎，圓弧的中心點(diǎn)在左側(cè), 在相同的時(shí)間里，右側(cè)輪子走的弧線比左側(cè)輪子長(zhǎng)，為了平衡這個(gè)差異，就要左邊輪 子慢一點(diǎn)，右邊輪子快一點(diǎn)，用不同的轉(zhuǎn)速來(lái)彌補(bǔ)距離的差異。如果后輪軸做成一個(gè)整體，就無(wú)法做到兩側(cè)輪子的轉(zhuǎn)速差異，也

12、就是做不到自動(dòng) 調(diào)整。為了解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題，早在一百年前，法國(guó)雷諾汽車公司的創(chuàng)始人路易斯雷諾 就設(shè)計(jì)出了差速器這個(gè)東西。三. 構(gòu)成0普通差速器由行星齒輪、行星輪架（差速器殼）、半軸齒輪等零件組成。發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī) 的動(dòng)力經(jīng)傳動(dòng)軸進(jìn)入差速器，直接驅(qū)動(dòng)行星輪架，再由行星輪帶動(dòng)左、右兩條半軸， 分別驅(qū)動(dòng)左、右車輪。差速器的設(shè)計(jì)要求滿足：（左半軸轉(zhuǎn)速）（右半軸轉(zhuǎn)速）=2（行星輪架轉(zhuǎn)速）。當(dāng)汽車直行時(shí)，左、右車輪與行星輪架三者的轉(zhuǎn)速相等處于平衡 狀態(tài)，而在汽車轉(zhuǎn)彎時(shí)三者平衡狀態(tài)被破壞，導(dǎo)致內(nèi)側(cè)輪轉(zhuǎn)速減小，外側(cè)輪轉(zhuǎn)速增 加。四. 原理，也就是地球上所有 豆子會(huì)自動(dòng)停留在碗 它自動(dòng)選擇靜止（動(dòng)差速器的這種調(diào)整是自動(dòng)的，這

13、里涉及到“最小能耗原理” 物體都傾向于耗能最小的狀態(tài)。例如把一粒豆子放進(jìn)一個(gè)碗內(nèi)， 底而絕不會(huì)停留在碗壁，因?yàn)橥氲资悄芰孔畹偷奈恢茫ㄎ荒埽?能最小）而不會(huì)不斷運(yùn)動(dòng)。同樣的道理，車輪在轉(zhuǎn)彎時(shí)也會(huì)自動(dòng)趨向能耗最低的狀 態(tài)，自動(dòng)地按照轉(zhuǎn)彎半徑調(diào)整左右輪的轉(zhuǎn)速。當(dāng)轉(zhuǎn)彎時(shí)，由于外側(cè)輪有滑拖的現(xiàn)象，內(nèi)側(cè)輪有滑轉(zhuǎn)的現(xiàn)象，兩個(gè)驅(qū)動(dòng)輪此時(shí)就 會(huì)產(chǎn)生兩個(gè)方向相反的附加力，由于“最小能耗原理”，必然導(dǎo)致兩邊車輪的轉(zhuǎn)速不 同，從而破壞了三者的平衡關(guān)系，并通過(guò)半軸反映到半軸齒輪上，迫使行星齒輪產(chǎn)生 自轉(zhuǎn)，使外側(cè)半軸轉(zhuǎn)速加快，內(nèi)側(cè)半軸轉(zhuǎn)速減慢，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)兩邊車輪轉(zhuǎn)速的差異。驅(qū)動(dòng)橋兩側(cè)的驅(qū)動(dòng)輪若用一根整軸剛性連接，則兩輪只

14、能以相同的角度旋轉(zhuǎn)。這 樣，當(dāng)汽車轉(zhuǎn)向行駛時(shí)，由于外側(cè)車輪要比內(nèi)側(cè)車輪移過(guò)的距離大，將使外側(cè)車輪在 滾動(dòng)的同時(shí)產(chǎn)生滑拖，而內(nèi)側(cè)車輪在滾動(dòng)的同時(shí)產(chǎn)生滑轉(zhuǎn)。即使是汽車直線行駛，也 會(huì)因路面不平或雖然路面平直但輪胎滾動(dòng)半徑不等（輪胎制造誤差、磨損不同、受載 不均或氣壓不等）而引起車輪的滑動(dòng)。車輪滑動(dòng)時(shí)不僅加劇輪胎磨損、增加功率和燃料消耗，還會(huì)使汽車轉(zhuǎn)向困難、制 動(dòng)性能變差。為使車輪盡可能不發(fā)生滑動(dòng)，在結(jié)構(gòu)上必須保證各車輪能以不同的角度 轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)。軸間差速器：通常從動(dòng)車輪用軸承支承在主軸上，使之能以任何角度旋轉(zhuǎn)，而驅(qū) 動(dòng)車輪分別與兩根半軸剛性連接，在兩根半軸之間裝有差速器。這種差速器又稱為軸 間差速器。多

15、軸驅(qū)動(dòng)的越野汽車，為使各驅(qū)動(dòng)橋能以不同角速度旋轉(zhuǎn)，以消除各橋上驅(qū)動(dòng)輪 的滑動(dòng)，有的在兩驅(qū)動(dòng)橋之間裝有軸間差速器。五. 差速器的檢修1.差速器殼不能有任何性質(zhì)的裂紋，殼體與行星齒輪墊片 ，差速器半軸齒輪之間的 接觸，應(yīng)光滑無(wú)溝槽；若有輕微溝槽或磨損，可修磨后繼續(xù)使用，否則應(yīng)予更換或予以 修理。2 .差速器殼上行星齒輪軸孔與行星齒輪輪軸的配合間隙不得大于0.1-0.15mm,半軸齒輪軸頸與殼孔的配合為間隙配合，應(yīng)無(wú)明顯松 曠感覺(jué),否則應(yīng)予更換或修理。半軸半軸（Driver Shaft ）也叫驅(qū)動(dòng)軸（CVJ。半軸是變速箱減速器與驅(qū)動(dòng)輪之間傳 遞扭矩的軸，其內(nèi)外端各有一個(gè)萬(wàn)向節(jié)（U/JOINT）分別通

16、過(guò)萬(wàn)向節(jié)上的花鍵與減速器 齒輪及輪轂軸承內(nèi)圈連接。半軸（Driver Shaft ）也叫驅(qū)動(dòng)軸（CVJ）。半軸是變速箱減速器與驅(qū)動(dòng)輪之間傳扭矩的軸（以前實(shí)心居多，但由于空心軸 轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)不平衡控制更容易，因此，很多轎車上都采用空心軸），其內(nèi)外端各有一個(gè)萬(wàn) 向節(jié)（U/JOINT）分別通過(guò)萬(wàn)向節(jié)上的花鍵與減速器齒輪及輪轂軸承內(nèi)圈連接?，F(xiàn)代汽車常用的半軸，根據(jù)其支承型式不同，有全浮式和半浮式兩種:全浮式半軸只傳遞轉(zhuǎn)矩，不承受任何反力和彎矩，與獨(dú)立懸掛配合有利于提高 車輛的舒適性，因而廣泛應(yīng)用于各類汽車上。全浮式半軸易于拆裝，維修保養(yǎng)時(shí)只 需擰下半軸的固定螺栓即可抽出半軸，而車輪與橋殼照樣能支持汽車，從而給

17、汽車 維護(hù)帶來(lái)方便。半浮式半軸既傳遞扭矩又承受全部反力和彎矩。它的支承結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單、成本低， 主要適用在對(duì)舒適型要求不高的皮卡及SUV車輛上。但這種半軸支承拆取麻煩，且汽車行駛中若半軸折斷則易造成車輪飛脫的危險(xiǎn)，屬于即將淘汰的形式。Transmission shaftheA wide range of drive shaft drive shaft is a high-s peed, less support rotati on, so it's dyn amic bala nee is crucial. Gen eral drive shaft should be carried out

18、 at the factory dyn amic bala nee test, and were adjusted on the bala ncing machi ne. The fron t-e ngine rear-wheel drive car is rotati on of the tran smissi on reached the final drive shaft, which can be several secti ons, conn ected by uni versal joi nts betwee n the Festival and the Festival.Intr

19、oductionThe drive shaft is the shaft tube, telesc opic uni versal joi n. The driveshaft (Drive Shaft,) or assembly of the various accessories and a removable orrotat ing circular object p arts, gen erally light and torsi onresista nee of alloy steel con trol .The fron t-e ngine rear-wheel drive car

20、is the rotati on of the tran smissi on reached the final drive shaft, which can be several sect ions conn ected by uni versal join ts. It is a high sp eed rotat ing body, and less supp ort, so that it's dyn amic bala nee is crucial. Gen eral drive shaft should be carried out at the factory dyn a

21、mic bala nee test, and were adjusted on the bala ncing mach ine.Il.StructureThe drive shaft is the shaft tube, telesc opic uni versal joi nt. The telesc opic automatically adjust the dista nee betwee n the tran smissi on and drive axle. The uni versal joi nt is to en sure that the cha nge of the tra

22、n smissi on out put shaft and drive axle input shaft axis an gle, and two axes of the isometric sp eed tran smissi on.Uni versal joi nt1. role: gen eral uni versal joint cross shaft cross beari ngs and flange fork componen ts. The uni versal joi nt is a key component of automotive tran smissi on. On

23、 the front engine rear-wheel drive vehicles, shafts in stalled in betwee n the tran smissi on out put shaft and drive axle main gear box input shaft; front engine fron t-wheel drive vehicle is omitted, the drive shaft, uni versal joint in stallati on res pon sible for both the driver is also res pon

24、 sible for steeri ng the front axle axle betwee n the wheels. Vehicle running road surface rough ness gen erated beat, cha nges in load or two assembly in stallati on locati on differe nces will make the an gle and dista nee betwee n the tran smissi on out put shaft and drive axle main gear box inpu

25、t shaft cha nge, so use a variable stra in "of the device to solve this p roblem, so there will be a uni versal joint.2. Tran smissi on characteristics: in the front engine rear-wheel drive (or all-wheel drive) car, car sus pension deformati on p rocess in moti on, drive shaft main gear box inp

26、ut shaft and the tran smissi on out put shaft (or tran sfer case) ofte n have relative moti on, In additi on, to effectively avoid certa in in stituti ons or device (ca n not achieve a straight line p ass in g), there must be a device to the no rmal tran sfer of po wer to achieve, so it was a uni ve

27、rsal joint drive. Un iversal Joi nts must have the followi ng characteristics: ,to en sure the relative p ositi on of connecting the two axes in the exp ected range of cha nges can be reliably deliver po wer; b guara ntee that conn ect the two axes are uniform op erati on. Additi on al load, vibrati

28、 on and no ise due to the gimbal an gle should be with in the allowable ran ge;a.To en sure that the cha nges of the relative po siti on with in the exp ected range connecting the two axes, reliable delivery of po werb. En sure that connecting the two axes can eve n op erate. Additi on al load, vibr

29、ati on and no ise due to the gimbal an gle should be withi n the allowable ran ge.c. Transmission efficiency, long life, simpie structure, and the convenience and easy maintenan ce. The car, the out put shaft of a cross shaft uni versal joint relative to the input shaft (the an gle) is the tran smis

30、si on of con sta nt sp eed rotati on, this must be the uni versal joint (or gimbal) and two yokes conn ected with the drive shaft is arran ged in the same plane, and twenty thousa nd to the secti on an gle equal. This is very imp orta nt. Should be desig ned to mini mize the an gle of the gimbal.Tel

31、esc opicghedThe traditi onal structure of the drive shaft telesc opic sp li ned sleeve and flange fork welded together, the sp li ned shaft welded to the drive shaft tube. A new drive shaft to cha nge the traditi onal structure, sp li ne bush ing welded in to one tube with the drive shaft, sp li ne

32、shaft flange fork made one. And recta ngular tooth sp li ne into a large p ressure an gle invo lute short tooth sp li ne, not only in creas ing the stre ngth and easy extrusi on, to meet the n eeds of the h torque con diti ons. In the boom and sp li ne shaft of the tooth surface, the overall coati n

33、g soak in a layer of nylon material, not only in creases the wear resista nee and lubricity and reduces the imp act load on the damage to the drive shaft, to improve the bufferi ng cap acity.Such drive shaft flange spend shaft away a tube-sha ped seali ng p rotective sleeve, set in the p rotective s

34、leeve end of the two poly uretha ne rubber oil seals, telesc opic kit to the formatio n of the plant is a fully en closed sp ace, so that the telesc opic spend shaft from the outside world of sand and dust erosi on, not only the dust and rust -proof. Sp li ne shaft assembly comprising a on e-time sm

35、ear grease, fully meet the requireme nts do not n eed to in stall glib lubricati on, reduci ng maintenance content.SleeveAnd desig ned in order to reduce fricti on and wear whe n the axis moti on, the basic purp ose and beari ng the same, and relatively chea per cost, but the fricti onal resista nee

36、, so will only be used in the majority of componen ts. The bush ings are mostly made of copper, but also the p lastic sleeve. More tha n the sleeve was pl aced on the shaft and supporting structure, and very close to the supporting structure, only axis of rotati on in the sleeve. Lubrica nt betwee n

37、 the two will joi n in the assembly of the shaft and sleeve to reduce frictio n in the rotati on.III. T ypeBy elastic subThe drive shaft accord ing to the imp orta nt p arts - the uni versal joi nt of differe nt, may have a differe nt classificati on. Un iversal joi nt in the reverse directi on, sig

38、 ni fica nt flexibility can be divided into rigid shafts and flexible shafts. A rigid uni versal joints tran smit po wer: by p arts hin ged connection.Scratch line uni versal joint tran smissi on of po wer: depend on the elastic p arts and buffer damping effect.Points accord ing to the an gular rate

39、Rigid uni versal joi nt can be divided in to the three pin-type uni versal joi nts con sta nt velocity joi nts (such as the cross shaft uni versal joi nt), the quasi-c on sta nt velocity joi nts (such as a double uni versal joi nt), and isok in etic uni versal joi nt (such as Cage uni versal joi nts

40、, fork-ball uni versal joi nts). Con sta nt sp eed with con sta nt sp eed, the drive n shaft with the driv ing shaft rotates, the rotati on of the two an gular rate are equal in terms of, of course, the driv ing shaft and drive n shaft average sp eed is equal.CVJ: master, slave axis an gular velocit

41、y is still equal to the cha nge of the an gle betwee n the axis of two uni versal joi nts, known as con sta nt velocity joi nts or isometric sp eed gimbal. They are mainly used for the steeri ng drive axle disc onnect the drive bridges the wheel gear is mainly used for po wer tran smissi on in the c

42、ar.Not CVJ: Lord, the an gular velocity of the drive n shaft is not equal to the cha nge of the an gle betwee n the axis of two uni versal join ts, called con sta nt velocity join ts, also known as crossaxis gimbal .Cross-axis rigid shafts used in the automotive po wertra in is the most exte nsive h

43、istory of the oldest. When the car is rear-wheel drive, ofte n cross shaft uni versal joint drive shafts, con sta nt velocity ball head; whe n the car is front wheel drive is ofte n used to the con sta nt velocity joints on the part of the high-e nd cars, but also - and so on sp eed uni versal joint

44、 is also a drive shaft, just a differe nt title. Usually said drive shaft gen erally refers to is the crossaxis rigid shafts. Cross-Axis Rigid uni versal joint is used to p ass cha nges in the an gle, gen erally lug fork cross shaft with n eedle beari ng assembly, yokes or slid ing fork, the middlec

45、onnection fork or sp li ned shaft fork, n eedle roller beari ngs axial faste ners and other componen ts.s,Lug fork is a fork p arts with flan ge, com monly used in carb on steel or carb on steel forgi ncaft.ductile iron sand casti ng and carb on steel or high-quality carb on alloy steel p recisi on

46、casti ng. Lug fork gen erally with a flat flan ge, also with a face trap ezoidal tooth flan ge. Cross shaft with n eedle beari ng assembly gen erally in cludes four n eedle roller beari ngs, and a cross sh a Grease mouth. Needle roller beari ngs are gen erally made up of a nu mber of a n eedle, one

47、beari ng a bowl, comp osed of more tha n one edge rubber seal (part with the skelet on). Some n eedle roller beari ngs, as well as one with a tank round gaskets, nylon, using copper or other materials, mai nIy used to reduce the axial cleara nee of the uni versal joi nt, i mp rove the quality of dri

48、ve shaft bala ncing . The Yokes a fork p arts, com monly used in carb on steel or medium carb on alloy steel forgi ng, p recisi on cast ing of medium carb on steel. Axial n eedle roller beari ngs fixed gen eral is a hole (or axis) Spring Collar (i nside and outside the cassette), or beari ng p late,

49、 locks, bolts, and so on.IV. Usek,The dedicated automotive tran smissi on is mai niy used in the tan ker, tan ker truck, water true suct ion sewage truck, suet ion truck, fire engine, high p ressure clea ning truck, wrecker, truck garbage truck models.V. Use and maintenanceRIn order to en sure the n

50、o rmal work of the drive shaft, exte nding its life, in use should be no ted:1. P rohibited the car to start with a high sp eed file.2. Meng lift the clutch p edal is strictly p rohibited.3. P rohibited automobile overload ing and sp eed ing.4. Should always check the drive shaft work ing con diti o

51、ns.5 Should always check the drive shaft han ger faste ning, supporting the rubber is damaged, drive shaft joints Son gkua ng, the drive shaft is deformed.6. I n order to en sure the bala ncing of the drive shaft should always pay atte nti on to the bala nee of the solder film seali ng off. The new

52、driveshaft components are comp leme nted by the new drive shaft loadi ng should pay atte nti on to the telesc opic assembly marks, should en sure that the flange fork in one plane. Maintenance of the demoliti on drive shaft assembly mark, print telesc opic flange shaft to prepare re-assembly to mai

53、ntain the orig inal assembly relati on shi p un cha nged.7. Should always be the uni versal joint cross beari ng lubricati on, the summer should be injected into the 3rd lithium grease, win ter injected in to the No. 2 lithium grease.DifferentialAutomotive engine po wer through the clutch, tran smis

54、si on, drive shaft, and fin allyoftran smitted to the drive axle or so allocated to the axle drive wheels, in this dyn amic mea ns tran smissi on, drive axle is the last assembly, and its main components is the reducer and differe ntial.l.lntroductionwThe role of the reducer is to slow the in crease

55、 in mome nt, this feature relies en tirely on the en gageme nt betwee n the gear and the gear is easier to un dersta nd. Differe ntial is more difficult to un dersta nd, what is the differe ntial, differe ntial Why? The automobile differe ntial is the main p arts of the drive axle. Its role in the t

56、ran smissi on of po wer to both sides of theaxle at the same time, allow ing both sides of the axle to the differe nt sp eeds, to meet both sides of the wheel as far as p ossible the form of pure rolli ng isometric driv in g, reduce the fricti on of the tire with the ground.II. FunctionCar whe n tur

57、ni ng the wheel trajectory arc, if the car to turn left, the cen ter of the arc on the left, at the same time, the arc of the wheel on the right to go Ion ger tha n the left side of the wheel, i n order to bala nee the differe nee , it is n ecessary to the left of the wheel a little slower, the righ

58、t wheel faster to compen sate for differe nces in the dista nee with a differe nt sp eed.If the rear axle is made of a whole, can not be done on both sides of the wheel sp eed differe nee is, can not automatically adjust. To solve this p roblem as early as a hun dred years ago, Louis Ren ault, Fran ce's Ren ault car company's foun der, desig ned a differe ntial of this thi ng.III. FormThe ordi nary differe ntial plan etary gear, plan etary gear frame (differe ntial