英語四六級作文類型具體講解及常用經(jīng)典句型

1、英語四六級作文類型具體講解及常用經(jīng)典句型在四級考試中，我們常常會遇到要我們就兩種對立的觀點(diǎn)表明自己的態(tài)度的題目。請大家看看此類題型的幾個例子：例1：標(biāo)題：Is Failure a Bad Thing? （1992, 6）1. 失敗是常有的事2. 人們對失敗有各種不同的態(tài)度3. 我對失敗的態(tài)度例2：標(biāo)題：Can Money Buy Happiness? (1995, 1)1. 有人認(rèn)為金錢是幸福之本（source of happiness）2. 也有人認(rèn)為金錢是萬惡之源（root of all evil）3. 我的看法例3：標(biāo)題：Reading Selectively or Extensivel

2、y? (1999, 6)1. 有人認(rèn)為讀書要有選擇2. 有人認(rèn)為應(yīng)當(dāng)博覽群書3. 我的看法可見，闡述對立觀點(diǎn)型作文的標(biāo)題往往以問句的形式出現(xiàn)，而且題目往往可以改寫為兩種對立的觀點(diǎn)或做法。例如例1-3的標(biāo)題就可以改寫為：闡述對立觀點(diǎn)型作文的中文提綱則往往是這樣的：1有（些）人認(rèn)為2也有（些）人認(rèn)為3我的看法/觀點(diǎn)第三節(jié) 闡述對立觀點(diǎn)型作文的篇章結(jié)構(gòu)和寫作方法在動手寫闡述對立觀點(diǎn)型作文前，我們必須根據(jù)所提供的中文提綱，考慮一下這類文章的篇章結(jié)構(gòu)以及實(shí)現(xiàn)其篇章結(jié)構(gòu)的一些常用的模式或套路，以便使文章的組織顯得有條理，層次分明，脈絡(luò)清晰。 闡述對立觀點(diǎn)型作文的兩種篇章結(jié)構(gòu)及其寫作套路.1 篇章結(jié)構(gòu)1第一

3、段：引言（引出討論的主題（X），提出兩種對立的觀點(diǎn)（A和B），有時還可略提及支持這兩種觀點(diǎn)的理由）第二段：正文（表明自己的看法，闡述自己支持某一觀點(diǎn)的理由，或/和駁斥自己反對的觀點(diǎn)）第三段：結(jié)論（總結(jié)全文，重申自己的觀點(diǎn)）這種篇章結(jié)構(gòu)的重點(diǎn)放在表達(dá)自己的觀點(diǎn)上，更能充分地闡述自己的觀點(diǎn)，使自己的觀點(diǎn)更充實(shí)、更有說服力。套路1：Peoples views/ideas/opinions on X vary from person to person. Some people think that _. They hold this opinion because _. However, other

4、s hold/dont believe that _, for _.As to me, I am in favor of the first/ second idea. The following are the reasons of/for my choice/personal inclination. First, while it is true that _, it doesnt mean that _. Second, _. Furthermore, _.Therefore/In conclusion/From the foregoing, _.引出主題觀點(diǎn)A支持觀點(diǎn)A的 理由觀點(diǎn)B

5、支持觀點(diǎn)B的理由我的觀點(diǎn)理由一理由二理由三結(jié)論套路2：When asked about X, different people will offer different opinions. Some people say/think/believe/take it for granted that _, while others hold that _.As far as I am concerned, I agree with the first/second view. The reasons are as follows. First, there is an element of tr

6、uth that _, but it doesnt follow that _. Therefore, the first view doesnt hold water/can not bear much analysis/can not stand up to close examination.In conclusion, _.引出主題觀點(diǎn)A觀點(diǎn)B我的觀點(diǎn)略提反對的觀點(diǎn)的正確性批駁反對的觀點(diǎn)小結(jié)：指出反對的觀點(diǎn)經(jīng)不起分析/檢驗(yàn)結(jié)論.3 篇章結(jié)構(gòu)對立觀點(diǎn)型作文也可采用另一種篇章結(jié)構(gòu)：第一段：引出討論的主題（X），提出第一種觀點(diǎn)（A），闡述支持這一觀點(diǎn)的理由第二段：提出第二種觀點(diǎn)（B），闡述支

7、持這一觀點(diǎn)的理由第三段：表明自己的觀點(diǎn)，闡述自己的理由，或批駁反對的觀點(diǎn)第四段：總結(jié)全文，重申自己的觀點(diǎn)，或呼吁別人采取行動這種篇章結(jié)構(gòu)用于闡述A、B兩種對立的觀點(diǎn)和自己的觀點(diǎn)的筆墨都差不多，會給人“平均用力”的感覺，不能像第一種篇章結(jié)構(gòu)那樣突出自己的觀點(diǎn)。為了避免給人留下這種印象，在闡述自己支持的觀點(diǎn)及其理由時，可多用些筆墨，而在闡述自己反對的觀點(diǎn)及其理由時，則可相對簡略些。.4 篇章結(jié)構(gòu)2的寫作套路套路3：When asked about X, different people will offer different opinions/views/answers. Some people

8、 think/prefer that _. They hold this idea/opinion/view because _. However/On the other hand, there are still many people who wont agree. They argue that _. Besides/In addition, _.Personally, I am on the side of the latter argument. For one thing, _.For another, _. Therefore/In conclusion, _. 引出主題觀點(diǎn)A

9、支持觀點(diǎn)A的 理由觀點(diǎn)B支持觀點(diǎn)B的理由一理由二我的觀點(diǎn)理由一理由二結(jié)論值得注意的是，不論采用哪種寫作套路，在表明自己的看法后，一定要闡述自己支持這一觀點(diǎn)的理由，這樣才能使自己的觀點(diǎn)顯得有說服力。.5 對立觀點(diǎn)型作文的段落發(fā)展方法在寫對立觀點(diǎn)型作文時，闡述兩種對立的觀點(diǎn)時往往可以采用對照法（見第一講）展開段落，而在闡述自己支持的觀點(diǎn)的理由時，則可采用列舉法或舉例法（見第一講）展開段落。這樣，文章才可能顯得既有條理，又有說服力.關(guān)于語言質(zhì)量：一、選詞的正確性和多變性所謂詞匯的正確性是指，我們在有一個詞近而想到它的同義詞之后，要結(jié)合語境選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)挠迷~。在這里必須指明的是，并不是詞匯等級越高越好，必

10、須還要考慮到適合于不同的語境。我們在寫作的時候首先要保證選擇詞語的正確性。在英文當(dāng)中有很多單詞的中文意思是相同的，但是具體的含義并不相同，這是就需要考生判斷應(yīng)該選擇哪個單詞來表達(dá)自己想表達(dá)的含義。另外，詞匯一定要多變。寫作時盡量不要讓相同的單詞同時出現(xiàn)在一篇文章當(dāng)中，我們可以用其他的單詞進(jìn)行替代。在替代的過程中，我們要盡量選擇一些有難度的單詞進(jìn)行替代。如“主要的原因”：main reasons. “主要的”可以替代為：primary, essential, crucial, indispensable, Fundamental等。豐富多變的用詞是文章的最大亮點(diǎn)。二 造句英文寫作中一個重要的創(chuàng)作

11、規(guī)律就是追求語言的豐富多變，在文章中除了詞的多變以外，我們還可以豐富句型句式。在英語中，有很多的特殊句式都可以成功的成為文章的閃光點(diǎn)，如：倒裝句，強(qiáng)調(diào)句，插入語等。如：Only in this way can we solve this problem.這就是一個很簡單的倒裝句。很多考生平時寫作不太擅長用詞組，對于他們而言最習(xí)慣的就是想到漢語，然后對應(yīng)漢語思維寫出英語句子，這種寫作只能是單詞的羅列組合，談不上什么技巧文采可言，因此，寫出來的文章必然就是所謂平淡無味，并不是地道的英文。如果我們能夠在單詞的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步想到與之同義的詞組，那么文章就會顯得與眾不同，更具有英語的味道。比如下面這樣一

12、個簡單的例子：來源：考試大English is important for us.English is of importance for us.English plays an important role in our life.用詞是非常重要的一個環(huán)節(jié)。詞匯使用得當(dāng)，不僅使文章更生動，也是評分時的加分亮點(diǎn)。以下向各位四六級考生提供考試三十組考試中可頻繁使用的優(yōu)美詞匯及例句。考試時用上它們，以替代你現(xiàn)有的普通詞匯，可以瞬間點(diǎn)亮平淡無奇的文章。1、individuals,characters, folks替換(people ,persons)2、positive, favorable, ro

13、sy (美好的)，promising (有希望的)，perfect, pleasurable , excellent, outstanding, superior替換good3、dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill (有害的)替換bad 如果bad做表語，可以有be less impressive替換eg.An army of college students indulge themselves in playing games, enjoying romance with girls/boys or killing time passively

14、 in their dorms. When it approaches to graduation ,as a result, they find their academic records are less impressive.4、(an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of ,a host of, many, if not most)替換many.注：用many, if not most 一定要小心，many后一定要有詞。Eg. Many individuals, if not most, harbor the idea that

15、.同理 用most, if not all ,替換most.5、a slice of, quiet a few , several替換some6、harbor the idea that, take the attitude that, hold the view that, it is widely shared that, it is universally acknowledged that)替think (因?yàn)槭菚嬲Z，所以要加that)7、affair ,business ,matter 替換thing8、shared 代 common9、reap huge fruits 替換get

16、 many benefits)10、for my part ,from my own perspective 替換 in my opinion11、Increasing(ly),growing 替換more and more( 注意沒有g(shù)rowingly這種形式。所以當(dāng)修飾名詞時用increasing/growing.修飾形容詞，副詞用increasingly.Eg.sth has gained growing popularity.Sth is increasingly popular with the advancement of sth.12、little if anything, 或l

17、ittle or nothing替換hardly13、beneficial, rewarding替換helpful,14、shopper,client,consumer,purchaser, 替換customer15、exceedingly,extremely, intensely 替換very16、hardly necessary, hardly inevitable . 替換 unnecessary, avoidable17、sth appeals to sb, sth exerts a tremendous fascination on sb 替換sb take interest in

18、/ sb. be interested in18、capture one's attention替換attract one's attention.19、facet,demension,sphere代aspect20、be indicative of ,be suggestive of ,be fearful of代 indicate, suggest ,fear21、give rise to, lead to, result in, trigger 替換cause.22、There are several reasons behind sth 替換.reasons for s

19、th23、desire 替換want.考試大全國最大教育類網(wǎng)站(wwwE)24、pour attention into 替換pay attention to25、bear in mind that 替換remember26、enjoy, possess 替換have(注意process是過程的意思)27、interaction替換communication28、frown on sth替換 be against , disagree with sth29、to name only a few, as an example替換 for example, for instance

20、30、next to / virtually impossible,替換nearly / almost impossible實(shí)用句型:Along with the advance of the society more and more problems are brought to our attention, one of which is that.隨著社會的不斷發(fā)展，出現(xiàn)了越來越多的問題，其中之一便是_。As to whether it is a blessing or a curse, however, people take different attitudes.然而，對于此類問

21、題，人們持不同的看法。(Hold different attitudes 持不同的看;Come up with different attitudes 有不同的看法)As society develops, people are attaching much importance to.隨著社會的發(fā)展，人們開始關(guān)注.People are attaching more and more importance to the interview during job hunting求職的過程中，人們慢慢意識到面試的重要性?？荚嚧笕珖畲蠼逃惥W(wǎng)站(wwwE)As to whethe

22、r it is worthwhile ., there is a long-running controversial debate. It is quite naturalthat people from different backgrounds may have divergent attitudes towards it.關(guān)于是否值得_的問題，一直以來爭論不休。當(dāng)然，不同的人對此可能持不同的觀點(diǎn)。In the process of modern urban development, we often find ourselves in a dilemma.在都市的發(fā)展中，我們往往會陷入

23、困境。Recently the phenomenon has aroused wide concern, some people are in alarm that.最近，這種現(xiàn)象引起了人們的廣泛關(guān)注，有人開始擔(dān)心_。The human race has entered a completely new stage in its history, with the increasingly rapid economic globalization and urbanization, more problems are brought to our attention.人類進(jìn)入了一個歷史的嶄新的

24、階段，經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化、都市化的速度不斷加快，隨之給我們帶來了很多問題。. plays such an important role that it undeniably becomes the biggest concern of the present world, there comes a question, is it a blessing or a curse?"_顯得非常重要而成為當(dāng)今世界所關(guān)注的最大的問題，這是無可厚非的。不過，問題是："我們該如何抉擇?"Now we are entering a new era, full of opportuniti

25、es and challenges,現(xiàn)在我們正在進(jìn)入一個充滿機(jī)會和挑戰(zhàn)的新時代。Recently, the issue of . has been brought into public focus.近來，_的問題引起了社會的廣泛關(guān)注?？荚嚧笕珖畲蠼逃惥W(wǎng)站(wwwE)Now we are entering a brand new era full of opportunities and innovations, and great changes have taken place in people's attitude towards some traditi

26、onal practice.現(xiàn)在我們進(jìn)入了一個充滿機(jī)遇和創(chuàng)新的嶄新時代，很多人對某些傳統(tǒng)的看法也發(fā)生了很大改變。Recently the issue of whether or not . has been in the limelight and has aroused wide concern in the public.近來，是否_的問題已經(jīng)非常明確而且引起了社會的廣泛關(guān)注。The issue whether it is good or not to . has aroused a heated discussion all over the country._的利與弊已在全國范圍內(nèi)引起

27、熱烈的討論。At present, some people think .while others claim .Both sides have their merits.目前，一些人認(rèn)為_而另一些人則認(rèn)為_。其實(shí)，兩種觀點(diǎn)都其可取之處。People rarely reach an absolute consensus on such a controversial issue.對于這種極具爭議的話題，我們很難作出絕對的回答。People from different backgrounds would put different interpretations on the same cas

28、e.不同行業(yè)的人對同一種問題的解釋不盡相同。The controversial issue is often brought into public focus. People from different backgrounds hold different attitudes towards the issue.這中極具爭議性的話題往往很受社會的關(guān)注。不同的人對此問題的看法也不盡相同。When asked ., some people think. while some prefer.說到_，有人認(rèn)為_，而另一些人則認(rèn)為_。Just as the saying goes: "so

29、 many people, so many minds". It is quite understandable that views on this issue vary from person to person.俗話說，""。不同的人對此有不同的看法是可以理解的。To this issue, different people come up with various attitudes.對于這個問題，不同的人持不同的觀點(diǎn)。There is a good side and a bad side to everything, it goes without sa

30、ying that.萬事萬物都有其兩面性，所以，勿庸置疑，_。When it comes to ., most people believe that ., but other people regard .as .提到_問題，很多人認(rèn)為_，不過，一些人則認(rèn)為_是_.When faced with., quite a few people claim that ., but other people think as.提到_問題，僅少數(shù)人認(rèn)為_，但另一些人則認(rèn)為_。There is a public controversy nowadays over the issue of . There

31、who criticize .argue that ., they believe that .,but people who favor ., on the other hand, argue that.目前，_問題爭議較大。批判_的人認(rèn)為_，他們認(rèn)為_，不過，另一方面，贊同_的人則認(rèn)為_。Some people are of the opinion that.有些人認(rèn)為_。Many people claim that.很多人認(rèn)為_。A majority of 絕大多數(shù)A large number of 很多人Some people contend that . has proved to

32、bring many advantages (disadvantages)有些人認(rèn)為_有很多有利之處(不利之處)。Those who argue for . say that .economic development of the cities.覺得_的人認(rèn)為，_ 城市的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。Some people advocate that .有些人在堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為_。They hold that . 他們認(rèn)為_。People, who advocate that ., have their sound reasons (grounds)堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為_的人也有其說法(依據(jù))。Those who have alr

33、eady benefited from practicing it sing high praise of it.那些從中受益的人對此大家褒獎。Those who strongly approve of . have cogent reasons for it.強(qiáng)烈認(rèn)同_的人有很多原因。Many people would claim that.有人會認(rèn)為_。People who support . give some or all of the following reasons.那些支持_觀點(diǎn)的人列出了如下原因：_。But others hold the view that .但是，另外一些

34、人則認(rèn)為_。觀點(diǎn)的用詞：Attitude, opinion, 與其搭配的動詞以及詞組：Take, have, come up with，set forth, put forward等。But on the other hand, there are also quite a few people who strongly advocate that.,.不過，另一方面，也有少部分人堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為_。But people who are ., on the other hand , maintain that.不過，另一方面，_的人認(rèn)為_。However, there are a large numb

35、er of people who hold a different view concerning this case.然而，很多人對此有不同的看法。問題用詞：Issue, phenomenon，后接介詞, on, over等。However, some others argue that. 然而，另一些人則認(rèn)為_。However, there are also some others who contend that.然而，也有人認(rèn)為_。But other people set forth completely totally different argument concerning th

36、is case.不過，對于此，另一些人則持完全不同的觀點(diǎn)。Some people examine this issue from another angle. 來源:考試大-英語四級考試有的人用另一角度來看這一問題。On the other hand, there are also many opponents who strongly .另一方面，也有很多反對的人，他們認(rèn)為_。According to my personality and fondness, I would prefer . rather than.根據(jù)我的個性以及興趣，我選擇_而不會選擇_。Personally, I si

37、de with the latter (former) opinion.就我個人而言，我支持后者(前者)_。Personally, I am in favor of the former point of view.就我個人而言，我較同意前一種看法。To my point of view 我認(rèn)為To my mind, the advantages far overweigh the drawbacks(disadvantages, shortcomings)我認(rèn)為，優(yōu)點(diǎn)勝過缺點(diǎn)。For my part, I stand on side of the latter opinion that.就我

38、而言，我較贊同后一種觀點(diǎn)_。As far as I am concerned, I am inclined to be on the side of the latter view.在我看來，我較同意后一種觀點(diǎn)。After a thorough consideration, for my part, I am in favor of the latter view that.經(jīng)過深思熟慮，我較支持后一種看法，亦即_。If asked to make a decision, I would prefer.如果真的需要作出選擇，我寧愿_。Taking into consideration both

39、 sides of the issue, I tend to favor the latter view.比較兩種觀點(diǎn)進(jìn)行比較，我較同意后一種觀點(diǎn)，亦即_。When considering opinions of both sides, I am inclined to .對兩種觀點(diǎn)進(jìn)行綜合考慮之后，我較認(rèn)同_。If it is up to me to make a choice between . and . I would rather choose . over.如果要我在_和_之間進(jìn)行選擇，我寧愿選擇_而不會選擇_。I would have to say that, if I were

40、 faced with the decision, I would follow .我需要說的是，如果要我抉擇，我會_。At the risk of sounding too direct , I prefer to.雖然可能過于直接，不過，我還是選擇_。表達(dá)不確定的用詞：May, seem, be likely to, possible, probably, perhaps, be said that, be said to.in my mind , the following factors/reasons/causes need to be taken into consideratio

41、n.我認(rèn)為，我們需要考慮下列因素/原因：There are several reasons for this phenomenon/why.-(as follows).造成這種現(xiàn)象的原因如下：And I would like to present two explanations for this:對于此，我有如下兩點(diǎn)愚見：The reasons are chiefly as follows. 主要原因如下：There are numerous reasons why _, and I would like to explore a few of the most important ones

42、 here.為什么_，原因很多，在此列舉幾個較為重要的原因。The reasons are presented below. 原因如下。There are three premier(主要的)/best/ most important, largest, significant, obvious, crucial causes as follows.以下這些是造成這一問題的最主要/最好/最重要/最大/最有意義/明顯/至關(guān)重要的原因。This is based on the propensity(傾向，原因) of following points.這基于以下的原因。The main reaso

43、n is that. 主要原因是_。One very important argument for . is that._的非常重要的原因便是_。The reasons are quite clear. Above all, .原因非常清楚。首先(首要的是)_。The first reason can be seen by every person.第一個原因其實(shí)很明顯。The first and most important reason is that.第一個而且最重要的原因是_。One of the reasons that are given for.is that._的原因之一是_。

44、Perhaps this is because of the simple fact that.也許，原因很簡單，亦即_。One of the premier causes is that(注意用詞)最重要的原因之一便是_。At the risk of sounding too simplistic, it seems to me that the main propositions can be summarized in one saying.這個原因可能較簡單，不過，我認(rèn)為可以用一句諺語來概括，_。We may look into every possible reason, howev

45、er, foremost reason for . Is .其實(shí)有很多原因，不過，造成_的最重要的原因是_。It might also be noted that.需要注意的是，_。 來源:考試大-英語四級考試Another reason why .(湊字?jǐn)?shù)，但不可濫用) is that.(有利于寫長句)What is also worth noticing is that.值得一提的是_。There is another factor that deserves some words here.還有另外一個很重要的原因。A more essential factor why. Is that

46、_ 的更為重要的原因是_。A further reason why, is that._的更深層次的原因是_。In addition.此外，再者M(jìn)oving on to wider themes,_考試就到考試大展開來說，_。The second thing that must be taken into consideration is that.第二個原因也很重要(值得考慮)，亦即_。Likewise(同樣), common sense tells us that.同樣，_，這是眾所周知的。The third but very important reason is that.第三個(盡管

47、不是很重要)原因是_。The third, not the last is that,第三個原因是_。The last factor to be taken seriously is.第三個重要原因是_。Finally, moreover, last but not least, furthermore.As the proverb goes: "every coin has its two sides", .is no exception.俗語有云："萬事萬物都有兩面性。" _也不例外。Every thing has a good side and a

48、 bad side, and .is no exception.萬事萬物有其兩面性，而_也是如此。The discussion as to whether the . is a blessing or a curse arouses most people's interests._是好壞利弊問題引起了很多人的興趣。.plays such an important role that it undeniably becomes the biggest concern of the present world._ 尤為重要而引起當(dāng)今社會的關(guān)注。There comes a question

49、: is it a blessing or a curse.問題是：_是福是禍?There is no denying that every thing has one more face and . is no exception.不可否認(rèn)，每一件事物都有其兩面性，其實(shí)，_也不例外。Every thing in the world has its own two sides. Without exception, A has both advantages and disadvantages.任何事情都有兩面性，A也不例外，有其優(yōu)勢和劣勢(利與弊)。.undoubtedly plays an

50、 increasing significant role in modern life.不容置疑，_在現(xiàn)代生活中不斷顯示出起重要性。With the development of the society, . is increasingly important.隨著社會的發(fā)展，_變得越來越重要。The merits of this is obvious.其好處顯而易見。As we know, . bring many benefits and convenience to people.眾所周知，_ 為我們的生活帶來很多好處。There are no less than three advan

51、tages in . as rendered below.如下所示，_ 至少有三種好處。Despite the advantages . has, some people claim, we shall not lose sight of its adverse effects on.盡管_有些益處(優(yōu)勢)，有些人則認(rèn)為，我們不能忽略了其對_的負(fù)面影響。However, like anything else,. has more than one face.然而，象其他任何事物一樣，_ 還有其它的方面。However, with the advance of the human civilization, there is an increasing number of people who have raised doubts about whether.然而，隨著人類文明的進(jìn)步，越來越多的人開始置疑是否_。Some peopl