論語(yǔ)言語(yǔ)境的動(dòng)態(tài)功能在文學(xué)翻譯中的體現(xiàn)—以《邊城》及其英譯本為例

1、論語(yǔ)言語(yǔ)境的動(dòng)態(tài)功能在文學(xué)翻譯中的體現(xiàn)以邊城及其英譯本為例摘要：關(guān)鍵詞： 1. IntroductionContext is of fundamental significance in language study.Since context has a close relationship with comprehension of meaning and language use,it is a new promising development to discuss the dynamic function of context in translation. Translation

2、involves the transformation of two languages in communicating and expressing.Context is indispensable to translation so is literary translation. In the process of literary translation,only the translator take into consideration the SL text according to its dynamic context,will the translator success

3、fully convey the SL writers intended meaning to TL readers and present a good piece of translation.In studying context, it is highly necessary to note that context is dynamic not static.Only by the dynamic analysis of context can be the context play the explanatory and constraint function in the lan

4、guage communication.Equivalent effect theory is one of the important translation theories that have been studied by many translators and translation theorists.Eugene A Nida put forth “dynamic equivalence”in his Toward a Science of Translating (1964).For Nida, translation equivalence can be achieved

5、only if a translation fulfills the conditions of the closest natural equivalence to the source language text.Basically,dynamic equivalence is based on the principle of equivalent effect,that is, the message of the original language will be so transported into the receptor language that the response

6、of the receptor is essentially like that of the original receptors.In reconstructing the meaning from the SL into the TL,a translator is constantly searching for corresponding equivalents between the two languages, and such a process is inseparable from the specific linguistic context in which the l

7、anguage is used.2. The Dynamic Function of Linguistic Context in The Border TownThe Border Town is one of the successful literary works by the noted Chinese writer Shen Congwen.Whether such a novel can be fully understood and then strike a chord in the target readersheart depends on the translator.A

8、 good translator can detect the interior and exterior information of the novel,and then convey the information into the target readers within the context.So in translation, the translator should try to create the necessary linguistic context,which is familiar to the target readers so that they can u

9、nderstand the source text easily.2.1 Grammatical ContextGrammatically speaking, English and Chinese each has its individual and distinctive system.On the one hand, there are some similarities between these two languages,as in word order of subject and predicate and that of transitive verb and object

10、;on the other hand,there are lots of dissimilarities between them both in morphology and in syntax.The sentences in Chinese are paratactic,usually organized in a structure of theme-rhyme,clauses arranged without logical markers;while in English,the sentences are hypotactic with subject-object struct

11、ure, clauses strictly arranged according to the logical relation.So these differences make it necessary to rearrange the sentence structure in translation,as shown in the following example:1翠翠既在船上拉纜子擺渡，故見(jiàn)到什么好看的、臉上長(zhǎng)雀斑的、面相古怪的、人乖的、眼睛眶子紅紅的、莫不在記憶中留下個(gè)印象。All she pulls on the hawser she memorizes their face

12、s: pretty,freckled,odd,sly or red-eyed.Secondly,it is often necessary to rearrange the word order when translating from Chinese to English,for the two languages have each their own characteristics.For example:2掌水碼頭的名叫順順，一個(gè)前清時(shí)便在營(yíng)伍中混過(guò)日子來(lái)的人物，辛亥革命時(shí)在著名的陸軍四十九標(biāo)做個(gè)什長(zhǎng)。The wharf-master,Shun Shun, served under

13、the Qing Dynasty banner before becoming an officer in the celebrated 49th Detachment of the revolutionary army in 1911.Thirdly,it is neither possible nor necessary to translate word for word. In the process of translation the translator will often have to make proper addition or omission of some ind

14、ividual words, as the following example shown:3祖父又說(shuō)：“不許哭，做一個(gè)大人，不管什么事都不許哭。要硬扎一點(diǎn)，結(jié)實(shí)一點(diǎn)，才配活到這塊土地上！”“Dont cry! Youre not a child now.Chatong girls must have grit.”When translating the above sentence into English,Yang omits some information.The omission aims to better express the original meaning according to the original context.It turns to be terse,concise and forceful.2.2 Lexical ContextThe translators first and foremost concern, then, must be the continuous involvement in experiencing and defining the boundaries of meanings and associations surrounding each word.Literary language is ful