考點12非謂語動詞中考英語語法考點縱覽

1、中考英語語法考點縱覽 12非謂語動詞1、 非謂語動詞概述1、 非謂語動詞的概念：動詞按照在句中作不作謂語，可以分為謂語動詞和非謂語動詞，非謂語動詞在句中不可以充當(dāng)謂語，但是可以充當(dāng)除謂語以外的其它句子成分。2、 非謂語動詞的使用條件：在一個單句中，如果已經(jīng)存在一個謂語動詞，而且在沒有連詞的情況下，需要使用其它動詞時，用非謂語動詞的形式。3、 非謂語動詞的分類：動詞不定式（to do）、動名詞（doing）、現(xiàn)在分詞（doing）、過去分詞（done）二、非謂語動詞考點縱覽考點一：不定式的用法考點1：不定式作主語。不定式作主語時，常用it作形式主語，而把真正的主語不定式放在后面。典型例題 1_

2、English is not easy _us.A. Speak; for B. Speaking; to C. To speak; for D. To speak; to 答案：C（不定式用作主語，表示做某事對某人來說怎們樣）典型例題 2It is very important _ us _ breakfast.A. for; having B. to; to have C. for; have D. for; to have答案：D（此題考查句型Its+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.）典型題 3It is very kind _ you _us.A. for; helpin

3、g B. for; to help C. of; helping D. of; to help答案：D（此題考查句型Its+adj.+of sb.+to do sth.）考點2：不定式作賓語。 一些謂語動詞后只能用不定式作賓語，常見的這類詞多表示打算或者希望，如would like, want, wish, hope, decide, plan, expect等。典型例題 1Would you like _the movie this evening?A. to see B. seeing C. see D. sees答案：A（would like to do sth.表示“想要做某事”）典型

4、例題 2He wants _(travel) around the world.答案：to travel（want后接動詞不定式作賓語）典型例題 3We decide _(plan) for our summer holiday.答案：to plan（decide后接動詞不定式作賓語） 在動詞find、think后跟不定式作賓語時，常用it作形式賓語，而將真正的賓語放在后面。典型例題 1I find it easy_ English every day.A. reading B. to read C. read D. reads答案：B（此題考查it作形式主語的用法：find+it+adj.+

5、to do sth.）典型例題 2He finds it hard _(catch up with) his classmates.答案：to catch up with（此題考查it作形式主語的用法：find+it+adj.+to do sth.）典型例題 3I think _ important _ early.A. it; sleeping B. it; to sleep C. that; sleeping D. it; sleeps答案：B（此題考查it作形式主語的用法：think+it+adj.+to do sth.）考點3：不定式作賓語補足語。 不定式作賓語補足語時與賓語有邏輯上的

6、主謂關(guān)系。Tom asked him to turn off the radio. 湯姆要他關(guān)掉錄音機。I want my father to buy a kite for me. 我想要我爸爸給我買個風(fēng)箏。The teacher warned the students not to cheat in the exam. 老師警告學(xué)生不要考試作弊。 使役動詞和感官類動詞用不定式作賓補時，不定式要省略to。這樣的動詞有：make, let, see, watch, hear, notice等。My mother lets me cook the dinner. 媽媽讓我燒飯。I often se

7、e the old man take a walk in the park. 我經(jīng)?？吹竭@個老人在公園里散步。Can you hear someone sing in the next room? 你能聽到有人在隔壁房間唱歌嗎？考點4：不定式作表語。不定式作表語說明主語的特征和屬性。My job is to teach English. 我的工作是教英語。Her dream is to become a scientist. 她的夢想是成為一個科學(xué)家。Our goal is to win the game. 我們的目標(biāo)是贏得比賽?？键c5：不定式作定語。不定式作定語時，應(yīng)放在名詞后面，它與名詞有

8、邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系。如果是不定式不及動詞，且與被修飾詞之間有動賓關(guān)系時，要在不定式后面加上適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~。I have a lot of homework to do. 我有很多家庭作業(yè)要做。There is nothing to worry about. 沒有什么好擔(dān)心的。We are looking for a hotel to live in.我們正在找一個賓館住下?？键c6：不定式作狀語。不定式作狀語，表示目的，意為“為了”。典型例題 1I come here_ my grandparents.A. visiting B. to visit C. visited D. visits答案：B（這

9、里動詞不定式to visit my grandparents用作目的狀語）典型例題 2 , he works hard.A. To live well B. Living well C. Lives well D. Lived well答案：A（這里動詞不定式to live well用作目的狀語）考點7：不定式常與特殊疑問詞what，which，when, where, how連用，相當(dāng)于一個賓語從句。典型例題 1I dont know the museum.A. how can I get to B. how get to C. how to get to D. how to get答案：C

10、（此題考查特殊疑問詞+不定式的用法）典型例題 2The teacher is telling the students .A. what to do B. what to do it C. what can they do D. what doing答案：A（此題考查特殊疑問詞+不定式的用法）典型例題 3They havent decided tomorrow morning.A. when set off B. when to set off C. when setting off D. when sets off答案：B（此題考查特殊疑問詞+不定式的用法）考點二：動名詞的用法考點1：動名詞

11、作主語。動名詞作主語多表示習(xí)慣性動作，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。Collecting stamps is his hobby. 集郵是他的愛好。Eating too much is bad for health. 吃太多對你的健康有害。Speaking loudly in the reading room is not allowed. 在閱覽室里大聲說話是不允許的。考點2：動名詞作賓語。動名詞作賓語放在某些動詞后邊以及介詞后面，表示一般的習(xí)慣或經(jīng)常性的動作。常見的這類動詞有：finish, enjoy, mind, imagine, miss, spend, keep, practice, allow

12、, advise, feel like, have fun等。I have finished doing my homework. 我已經(jīng)做完作業(yè)了。Do you mind opening the window for us? 你介意幫我們打開窗戶嗎？The children feel like drinking some water. 孩子們想喝點水。What about going swimming in the afternoon? 下午去游泳怎么樣?。靠键c3：動名詞作表語。Her job is teaching English. 她的工作是教英語。My hobby is lying o

13、n the bed and watching TV. 我的愛好是躺在床上看電視?？键c4：動名詞作定語。動名詞作定語表示所修飾名詞的用途、作用等。a swimming pool 游泳池the reading room 閱覽室teaching methods 教學(xué)方法考點5：某些動詞后接不定式和動名詞的區(qū)別。 stop to do 停下來去做另一件事stop doing 停止做某事He stopped to have a rest. 他停下來休息了會。Lets stop talking. 讓我們停止談話。 forget to do 忘記要去做某事（未做）forget doing 忘記做某事（已做）

14、Dont forget to turn off the light. 不要忘記關(guān)燈。He forgot locking the door. 他忘記把門已經(jīng)鎖了。 remember to do 記得要去做某事（未做）remember doing 記得做過某事（已做）Remember to hand in your homework. 記得交作業(yè)。Dont you remember seeing the person before? 你不記得以前見過這個人嗎？ regret to do 對要做的事表示遺憾（未做）regret doing 對做過的事表示遺憾（已做）I regret to tell

15、you that I have failed in the exam. 我很后悔告訴你我考試沒過。The lady doesnt regret marrying the man. 這個女的不后悔嫁給這個男的。 try to do 設(shè)法或努力做某事try doing 嘗試做某事We must try to be more careful. 我們必須多加小心。He is trying opening the door. 他正在嘗試打開門。 mean to do 打算做某事mean doing 意味著做某事I mean to buy a car, but I have no money. 我打算買倆

16、車，但是我沒錢。Doing that means wasting time. 那樣做意味著浪費時間。 go on to do 放下手頭的事繼續(xù)做別的事go on doing 繼續(xù)做原來的事We got up and went on to have breakfast. 我們起床后，接著吃早飯。He didnt have a rest and went on working. 他沒有休息，繼續(xù)工作著。考點三：分詞的用法考點1：分詞的分類及用法。 分詞分為現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞，現(xiàn)在分詞由“動詞+ing”構(gòu)成。過去分詞由“動詞+ed”構(gòu)成，但也有不規(guī)則變化。 現(xiàn)在分詞有主動、進(jìn)行之意；過去分詞有被動、

17、完成之意?？键c2：分詞作定語。典型例題 1Do you know the girl under the tree?A. standing B. stands C. stand D. stood答案：A（此處現(xiàn)在分詞短語standing under the tree用作定語）典型例題 2I bought a table .A. making of wood B. made of wood C. makes of wood D. make of wood答案：B（此處過去分詞短語made of wood用作定語）典型例題 3This is a book from the library.A. bo

18、rrowing B. borrows C. borrow D. borrowed答案：D（此處過去分詞短語borrowed from the library用作定語）考點3：分詞作表語。現(xiàn)在分詞表示主語的性質(zhì)、特征，過去分詞表示某種狀態(tài)。典型例題 1That film is very .A. interesting B. interest C. interested D. interests答案：A（interesting表示“有趣的”，強調(diào)某個物體很有趣）典型例題 2Tom felt when he saw a snake.A. frightened B. frightening C. fr

19、ighten D. frightens答案：A（frightened表示“感到害怕的”，強調(diào)某個人感到害怕）典型例題 3They got after they heard the good news.A. excite B. excites C. excited D. exciting答案：C（excited表示“感到興奮的”，強調(diào)某人感到興奮）考點4：分詞作狀語?，F(xiàn)在分詞作狀語時，其邏輯主語是主句主語；過去分詞作狀語時，其邏輯賓語是主句主語。典型例題 1The students went out of the classroom, .A. laughing and sing B. laugh

20、ing and singing C. laughed and sung D. laughing and sung答案：B（此處現(xiàn)在分詞laughing and singing表示伴隨狀況，作伴隨狀語）典型例題 2 , the village is beautiful.A. Seeing from the mountain B. Seen from the mountain C. See from the mountain D. Sees from the mountain答案：B（此處過去分詞短語seen from the mountain用來作狀語）典型例題 3 , he jumped up

21、.A. Hearing this B. Hear this C. Hears this D. Heard this答案：A（此處現(xiàn)在分詞短語hearing this用來作狀語）3、 鞏固訓(xùn)練(2013淮安市)1. At times, parents find it difficult _ with their teenage children. A. talk B. talked C. talking D. to talk(2014淮安市)2. - What else should we pay attention to _ building the bridge?-The change of

22、 the weather, I think.A. finishB. finished C. to finishD. finishing(2016淮安市)3._ great fun Andrew has _ DIY in the art room with his classmates!A. What; doing B. What; done C. How; doing D. How; done(2013南京市)4. -Why are you so excited today?-We were told _ a picnic this weekend.A. have B. to have C.

23、having D. had(2014南通市)5. Why have you stopped_, Kitty? The singing competition is coming up soon! A.to practice to sing B.to practice singing C.practicing to sing D.practicing singing(2015南通市)6.This sign is used tourists to stay away from the lion in the zoo.A.to warn B.to warning C.to make D.to mak

24、ing(2016南通市)7.The couple will be away for a while and they need someone the baby.A.look after B.looking after C.looked after D.to look after (2014蘇州市)8.The driver wanted_his car near the roadside but was asked by the police not to. A.park B.parked C.to park D.parking(2015蘇州市)9. I was tired out, so I

25、 stopped the car a short rest. A. haveB. havingC. to have D. had(2016泰州市)10. -Mr Ling, I have some difficulty the article.-Remember it three or four times at least.A. to understand; reading B. understanding; reading C. understanding; to read D. to understand; to read(2013無錫市)11. Don't throw away

26、 the waste paper. It needs_so that it can be reused. A. to destroyB. destroyingC. to collectD. collecting(2013宿遷市)12.It's dangerous a close look at the tiger in the zoo.A. for us takingB. of us to takeC. of us takingD. for us to take(2013宿遷市)13.At present, lots of people would rather in the coun

27、try because there is pollution in the city.A. live; moreB. to live; lessC. live; lessD. to live; more(2015宿遷市)14. I heard Tom _ when I walked past his room yesterday.A. sing B. singing C. to sing D. sang(2012徐州市)15.I'm sleepy. I prefer _ at home to going out for a walk.A. sleeping B. to sleep C.

28、 slept D. sleep(2014徐州市)16. It was dark outside. Sue decided to the bank alone. A. not going B. going not C. not to go D. to not go(2016徐州市)17.David said that the glass was broken and warned me _ it.A. don't touch B. to not touch C. not to touch D. no touching(2016鹽城市)18. We must do everything w

29、e can _waste water from running into rivers .A. preventB. preventedC. preventingD. to prevent(2013揚州市)19.-What are you going to do when you grow up? -A singer, but my parents wish me _ a teacher.A. am B. to be C. will be D. be(2014揚州市)20 - Some children can't afford _ necessary stationary.- Let&

30、#39;s donate our pocket money to them.A. buyB. buyingC. to buyD. be bought(2015揚州市)21. -What should we take when going birdwatching?-We should take a pair of binoculars _the birds clearly.A. seeB.seeing C.to see D.sees(2013鎮(zhèn)江市)22. He _ dinner at restaurants last year, but now he usually comes tack home after work and cooks supper for his family. A. used to haveB. is used to have C. was used to have D. is used to having(2014鎮(zhèn)江市)23. Spring Bud Project is an organization that raises money poor young girls return to school.A