四川廣安市2014高考英語(yǔ)短文改錯(cuò)及信息匹配訓(xùn)練（10）附答案

1、 四川廣安市2014高考英語(yǔ)短文改錯(cuò)及信息匹配訓(xùn)練（10）附答案 高考英語(yǔ)熱點(diǎn)專(zhuān)題復(fù)習(xí)- 短文改錯(cuò) 一短文改錯(cuò)的主要特點(diǎn)1內(nèi)容大都是學(xué)生身邊或社會(huì)生活中常見(jiàn)的話題。以記敘文為主，有時(shí)也有說(shuō)明文或應(yīng)用文。2內(nèi)容相對(duì)獨(dú)立、完整。命題的總原則是整篇理解、分行解題。3語(yǔ)言簡(jiǎn)單易懂，沒(méi)有生僻的詞匯或繁難的句法結(jié)構(gòu)；短文的詞數(shù)為120左右。4考查要點(diǎn)覆蓋面廣, 分布合理。涉及詞法、句法、行文邏輯等三個(gè)方面。二短文改錯(cuò)的常見(jiàn)類(lèi)型縱觀近幾年高考題中的短文改錯(cuò), 不難看出,其錯(cuò)誤形式基本上為：錯(cuò)詞占6行左右; 正確占1 行; 多詞和缺詞一般占3 行左右。錯(cuò)誤類(lèi)型主要涉及動(dòng)詞、名詞、形容詞、副詞、冠詞、代詞、介詞

2、、連詞、主謂一致、固定結(jié)構(gòu)等語(yǔ)法知識(shí)。其中, 動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞等是考查重點(diǎn)。*結(jié)束請(qǐng)閱讀下列應(yīng)用文和相關(guān)信息，并按照要求匹配信息。請(qǐng)閱讀下列餐館的信息：A. The Regal Palace Chinese RestaurantThe Regal Palace Chinese Restaurant at Days Hotel & Suites offers healthy Chinese fare, with nourishing delicacies like braised chicken with Chinese herbs and braised crocodile

3、meat with Chinese herbs. Available in January.8778 9888 ext 292B. Han Mei Fang Chinese RestaurantZhaolong Hotel's Han Mei Fang Chinese Restaurant has prepared Taiwan-style seafood and classic dishes for the New Year. The menu features five-flavored nine-hole abalone, sweet and sour flavored squi

4、d roll, garlic-flavor prawn, and three-cup chicken. There are also the delicious noodles with pig's claw and prawns prepared with spirit served in a bamboo barrel.6597-2299 ext 0215C. Huang Ting Cantonese RestaurantEnjoy Chinese folk music over the New Year's Eve dinner at Huang Ting, Canton

5、ese restaurant at The Peninsula Hotel Beijing, decorated in courtyard house style. It offers a set menu with a variety of seafood dishes. There are iced abalone, pan-fried king prawn with pesto sauce, grilled cod fish with fresh mango.8516-2888 ext 6691D. Paulaner BrauhausPaulaner Brauhaus at Kempin

6、ski Hotel in Beijing has a live band performing over authentic German beer and dinner for New Year's Eve, and a countdown at midnight. On New Year's Day the hotel has beach games, with a Bavarian brunch.(0898) 3889-8888E. Italian restaurant Da GiorgioItalian restaurant Da Giorgio at the Gran

7、d Hyatt Beijing has a five-course set dinner for New Year Eve, with a complimentary glass of champagne. At the same time Grand Caf offers a dinner buffet with unlimited soft drinks, juices and imported red and white wines.8518-1234 ext 3738F. Ken de RougeTo mark its first anniversary, Ken de Rouge,

8、located by the beautiful west bank of Houhai Lake, introduces two promotional feasts, at 988 yuan and 1,288 yuan, each comprising 14 courses, plus soup and dessert. The 988 yuan banquet has braised sea cucumber, tea-flavored prawn, and red carp in lotus leaf. The 1,288 yuan banquet has Buddha jumps

9、over the wall soup, venison tendon and kong pao prawn. Offer valid until January 20th.6402-6665請(qǐng)閱讀下列就餐者的信息，并匹配適合他們的餐館：1. Niu Xiang is planning to study abroad and he would like to spend his New Years Eve in a western style restaurant, where he can join some foreign friends in welcoming the coming of

10、 the New Year.2. The Blacks newly arrived at Beijing from Italy. Mr. Black prefers to try some sea-food while Mrs. Black would like to feel the traditional Chinese environment.3. The Johnson boys have very good appetite and are especially fond of different drinks and juice. Their mother wishes to br

11、ing them to a place where they need not pay extra money for the drinks.4. Yao Mingming is tired of the Hakka food his mother cooks. He wants to take her to some nourishing delicacies from other regions, like some special flavored seafood.5. Mr. Smith owns a very big company. He would like to treat s

12、ome business friends to a luxurious dinner in a quiet and beautiful environment. 參考答案-DCEBF*結(jié)束一、短文改錯(cuò)的解題基本思路1通讀全文，掌握大意首先，要認(rèn)真閱讀短文，把握全篇主旨，弄清上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，了解文章所創(chuàng)設(shè)的語(yǔ)言環(huán)境，為正確判斷創(chuàng)造條件。2整句理解，逐行找錯(cuò)。在讀懂文章之后，要逐句逐行地找錯(cuò)。分析每個(gè)句子中句法、語(yǔ)法、行文邏輯等方面是否有錯(cuò)，要做到逐行分析，不可遺漏，句與句之間要注意連詞的用法。3由易到難，各個(gè)擊破改錯(cuò)要從最簡(jiǎn)單、最熟悉的項(xiàng)目入手，先從語(yǔ)法的角度入手，再?gòu)倪壿嫹矫婵紤]，最后推敲難

13、題。4檢查核對(duì)，規(guī)范改正最后瀏覽改后的全文，看全篇是否語(yǔ)義通順，注意正確行。 要特別注意規(guī)范改正錯(cuò)誤, 嚴(yán)格按照示范規(guī)定符號(hào)和要求去改。切忌文字說(shuō)明或用箭頭表示。二短文改錯(cuò)的設(shè)題方式一錯(cuò)詞：錯(cuò)詞的情況歸納起來(lái)大致可分為虛詞選擇錯(cuò)誤、實(shí)詞詞形錯(cuò)誤、同(近)義詞、形似詞選擇錯(cuò)誤等。1虛詞錯(cuò)誤介詞錯(cuò)誤。介詞錯(cuò)誤主要集中在介詞的固定搭配、介詞多詞義的用法以及一些意義相近介詞、副詞和連詞的混用等。1.After five years away in my hometown，I find that the neighborhood which I used to live in has changed a

14、 lot.(09全國(guó)卷I)析：“從離開(kāi)，遠(yuǎn)離”應(yīng)為短語(yǔ) away from，不能與in搭配。應(yīng)將in改為from。 連詞錯(cuò)誤主要表現(xiàn): 句與句之間的關(guān)系混淆，是并列、轉(zhuǎn)折、承接、還是表原因；連詞與介詞、副詞的混用，一些連詞具有多重功能和詞性以及意義相近連詞的區(qū)別等。1.I meant to give it back to you before four in the afternoon，and I was held up on my way back(09全國(guó)卷II) 析：分析前后兩個(gè)句子可知，前面的句子與后面的句子存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，不是并列關(guān)系，應(yīng)將 and 改為but。冠詞錯(cuò)誤：冠詞的考查集中

15、在：應(yīng)該使用定冠詞的地方使用了不定冠詞；應(yīng)該使用不定冠詞的地方卻使用了定冠詞；不定冠詞a與an的誤用等。1.Three men were fishing when the angel appeared in the boat with them. （2009.四川卷）析：初次提到的人或物前應(yīng)該用不定冠詞，因此要將第一個(gè)the改為an。2實(shí)詞錯(cuò)誤 名詞錯(cuò)誤主要集中在：名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式，特別注意不規(guī)則名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式；可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞的混用；抽象名詞具體化；名詞的所有格等。1. I stayed there for one and a half hour and made sure that t

16、he girl was all right. （09全國(guó)卷II）析：one and a half 后接可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，不能用單數(shù)。要將hour改為hours。 動(dòng)詞錯(cuò)誤主要有：不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞形式錯(cuò)誤；時(shí)態(tài)的不一致性；語(yǔ)態(tài)的錯(cuò)用；非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用法的選擇，特別是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)是用過(guò)去分詞還是現(xiàn)在分詞；在 to 后是用不定式還是動(dòng)名詞；以及在并列結(jié)構(gòu)中后面動(dòng)詞的形式；謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)形式的錯(cuò)用；情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和 will(would), shall (should) 等助動(dòng)詞后面的動(dòng)詞形式的誤用等。1.There exist now a park that has

17、a small river running through. （09全國(guó)卷I）析：句子中的there exist相當(dāng)于there be形式，exist的形式跟后面的名詞a park保持一致，因此exist要用單三形式exists。 形容詞與副詞錯(cuò)誤主要表現(xiàn)在：這兩類(lèi)詞的混用；形容詞或副詞的原級(jí)、比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)的混用等。1.The Sichuan Restaurant and the older fish shop across the street from our middle school are gone. （09全國(guó)卷I）析：分析句子，句子中沒(méi)有比較對(duì)象，不能用比較級(jí)，要將older改

18、為原形old。 引導(dǎo)詞錯(cuò)誤：在復(fù)合句中引導(dǎo)從句的連接詞的錯(cuò)誤運(yùn)用，特別是在定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系詞的錯(cuò)誤運(yùn)用，賓語(yǔ)從句中連接詞的誤用等。1.One day I saw a second-hand bicycle, that was only one hundred yuan. I asked my father for the money. （09遼寧卷）析：非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞指物時(shí)只能用which不能用that，應(yīng)將that改為which。代詞錯(cuò)誤。代詞考查主要集中在句子中代詞的一致性、人稱(chēng)代詞、反身代詞、指示代詞的混用等。1.When I was in high school, most o

19、f my friends had bicycles. I hoped I could also have it. （2009.遼寧卷）析：根據(jù)句義后面句子中的it與前面句子中的bicycles是一類(lèi)物，表示泛指。因此要將it改為one。思維定勢(shì)干擾錯(cuò)誤。由于受漢語(yǔ)思維定勢(shì)影響，造成一些英語(yǔ)詞語(yǔ)的搭配錯(cuò)誤。1.Im glad to say that anything has worked out fine in the dorm. （09海南、寧夏卷）析： anything意思是“任何事或任何物”，而everything表示“所有的東西或物”，很顯然句子強(qiáng)調(diào)在宿舍的所有事情，應(yīng)將anything

20、改為everything。行文邏輯錯(cuò)誤。高考短文改錯(cuò)中，涉及短文主旨大意及邏輯關(guān)系的錯(cuò)誤這類(lèi)試題的隱蔽性較強(qiáng)，單獨(dú)看并沒(méi)有錯(cuò)，但若放在整篇中則與全篇的意思不符。I stayed here for one and a half hours and made sure that the girl was all right.析：直接分析該句，沒(méi)有任何錯(cuò)誤，但結(jié)合上下文可看出句子是在轉(zhuǎn)述過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情，不能用here，因此應(yīng)將here改為there。*結(jié)束短文改錯(cuò)(201*·綿陽(yáng)診斷)Tom is a little boy, but he is only seven years old. One day he1._went to the cinema. It was the first time for him to do that. He2._bought a ticket and then went out. But after two or three minutes3._he came out and bought the second ticket and went in again. After a4._f