初中語法一般現(xiàn)在時和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時講解練習(xí)含答案

1、一般現(xiàn)在時:一、定義與講解:一般現(xiàn)在時表示經(jīng)?；蛄?xí)慣性的動作或一般性事實。,也可表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)或主語具備的性格和能力。通常與副詞every day(每天,always(總是,usually(通常,often(經(jīng)常sometimes(有時,等時間狀語連用。例:(1表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。The sky is blue.天空是藍(lán)色的。Marys father is an English teacher. 瑪麗的爸爸是一名英語老師。(2表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動作。I get up at six every day.我每天六點起床。She plays sports every day. 她每天都做運

2、動。(3表示客觀現(xiàn)實。The table has four legs.桌子有四條腿。There are 50 students in my class. 我們班有50個學(xué)生。(4表示客觀真理,科學(xué)原理,自然現(xiàn)象,等客觀事實或格言諺語等。The sun rises in the east every day.太陽每天從東方升起。The earth goes around the sun.地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。(5表示平日的喜好。I like bananas. We dont like vegetables.He likes ice cream. She doesnt like strawberries

3、.二.只有主語在第三人稱單數(shù)時用動詞的“三單形式”,其他人稱用動詞原形。動詞三單形式的變化規(guī)則:1.(1多數(shù)直接在動詞詞尾加-s.play plays like likesask-asks work-works get-gets call-calls(2以字母s, x, ch, sh或o結(jié)尾的動詞,在詞尾直接加-es.watch-watches wish-wishes do-does go-goes(3以“輔音字母加- y”結(jié)尾的動詞,要先變y為i再加-es.try-tries study-studies cry-cries fly-flies2.不規(guī)則變化:be- is have-has三、

4、一般現(xiàn)在時的句子轉(zhuǎn)換:(1變一般疑問句:當(dāng)句子中有be動詞或情態(tài)動詞時,則把be動詞或情態(tài)動詞(can,could 等提到主語的前面,(口訣:一調(diào)二變?nèi)龁柼?(2變否定句:在be動詞或情態(tài)動詞后面直接加not變成否定句. (be后not莫忘記例:陳述句:She is my sister.疑問句Is she your sister? Yes, I am./ No, Im not.否定句She is not my sister.陳述句:I can play soccer.疑問句Can you play soccer? Yes,Ican./ No, I cant.否定句I can not /cant

5、 play soccer.注意:對一般疑問句的回答:一般用什么問就用什么來回答。但以下例外:Is this a pencil? Yes , it is./ No, it isnt.Is that your backpack? Yes , it is./ No, it isnt.Are these your parents? Yes, theyre./ No, they arent.Are those Jims brothers? Yes, theyre./ No, they arent.(3當(dāng)句子中沒有be動詞,也沒有情態(tài)動詞時,變一般疑問句時,在主語前加助動詞do (I, we, you,以

6、及復(fù)數(shù), does(第三人稱單數(shù)she,he,it等變成問句;(4變否定句時,在主語后謂語動詞前加助動詞dont, doesnt變成否定句,切記:助動詞后的動詞則還原成動詞原形。例:陳述句:We get up(起床at 7:00 every morning.疑問句Do you get up at 7:00 every morning?否定句We dont get up at 7:00 every morning.陳述句:She has a brother.疑問句Does she have a brother?否定句She doesnt have a brother.在一般現(xiàn)在時中,當(dāng)主語是第三

7、人稱單數(shù)時,謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式,即常在動詞原形后加-s或-es。但有些同學(xué)們對于哪些主語是第三人稱單數(shù)還不十分清楚,現(xiàn)歸納總結(jié)如下:一、人稱代詞he, she, it是第三人稱單數(shù)。如:He likes watching TV. 他喜歡看電視。She has lunch at twelve. 她十二點吃午餐。二、單個人名、地名或稱呼作主語;是第三人稱單數(shù)。如:Han Mei likes salsd . 韓梅喜歡薩拉。Beijing is in China. 北京在中國。Uncle Wang often plays volleyball. 王叔叔經(jīng)常打排球。三、單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或this

8、/ that / the+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞作主語時,是第三人稱單數(shù)。如:This book is yours. 這本書是你的。That car is red. The cat is Lucys. 這只貓是露茜的。四、不定代詞someone, somebody, nobody, everything, something等及指示代詞this, that作主語時,是第三人稱單數(shù)。Everyone is here. 大家到齊了。There is a watch on the table. 桌上有塊手表。This is a pen. 這是一支鋼筆。That is an eraser.五、不可數(shù)名詞作主語時

9、為第三人稱單數(shù)。如:The milk(牛奶is in the glass. 牛奶在玻璃杯里。The bread is very small. 那面包很小。六、當(dāng)數(shù)字或字母作主語時,看作第三人稱單數(shù)。如:6 is a lucky number. 6是個吉利數(shù)字。I is a letter. I是個字母。一、按照要求改寫句子1.This is my pencil ? (變一般疑問句 your pencil ?2. These red socks are Kates . (變一般疑問句socks Kates ?3. Mary does not have any books . (變肯定句 some

10、books .4. She likes the black bag very much . (變?yōu)榉穸ň?. I like apples. (用she改寫句子6. Its an English dictionary . (對畫線部分提問.7. He has hamburger and apples for dinner . (變一般疑問句二、用Be動詞填空。1. you Li Fen ? No, not .2. Mr. green very busy? Yes , he .3.This book very interesting .4. What class you in ?5. You an

11、d I good friends .6. The basketball club fun .三.用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. Lin Tao (like his ruler .2. Lets (have ice cream .3. Lets (play tennis !4. He (like English.5. Nice (meet you !6. I (need some fruits.一般現(xiàn)在時用法專練:一、寫出下列動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式。have like drink _ go _ stay _ study_ _ teach_make _look _have_ come_ watch

12、_ plant_ fly _ do_ 二、用括號內(nèi)動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. He often _(have dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy _(be in Class One.3. We_(not watch TV on Monday.4. Nick _ _(not go to the zoo on Sunday.5. _ they _(like pears?6. _ your parents _(have eggs every day?7. There _(be some water in the bottle.18. Mike _(like cooki

13、ng.9. They _(have the same hobby.10. Liu Tao _ _(do not like PE.11. This boy often _(watch TV in the evening.五、改錯(劃出錯誤的地方,將正確的寫在橫線上1. Is your brother speak English? _2. Does he likes going fishing? _3. He likes play games after class. _ _4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. _5. She dont do her homework on S

14、undays. _一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)句型轉(zhuǎn)換This is a white key. (對畫線部分進(jìn)行提問Bens bag is yellow and red . (對畫線部分進(jìn)行提問 Her name is Gina. (對畫線部分進(jìn)行提問My phone number is 673-8220. (對畫線部分進(jìn)行提問 The boys name is Jack. (對畫線部分進(jìn)行提問The picture is on the wall. (對畫線部分進(jìn)行提問Your baseball is under the chair. (對畫線部分進(jìn)行提問 His book is on the desk. (

15、對畫線部分進(jìn)行提問Some balls are in the dresser. (對畫線部分進(jìn)行提問 My computer is on my desk. (對畫線部分進(jìn)行提問 He is Johnny. (改為一般疑問句These are his parents. (改為一般疑問句This is my sister. (改為一般疑問句14.The baseball is under the bed. (改為一般疑問句15.My key is on the bed. (改為一般疑問句16.He has a tennis racket. (改為一般疑問句17.I have some baseba

16、ll bats. (改為一般疑問句18.She has many things to do today. (改為一般疑問句19.I like hamburgers . (改為一般疑問句20.They have a TV. (改為一般疑問句25.You are Tina. (改為否定句26.These are my brothers. (改為否定句27.The books are on the bookcase. (改為否定句28.Three books are under the desk. (改為否定句29.She has a computer game. (改為否定句30.We have

17、a big TV in our house. (改為否定句31.Kate has some money in her pocket. (改為否定句32.He likes ice cream. (改為否定句34.Nice to meet you! (寫出答語Is that a dictionary ?(改為復(fù)數(shù)句_36These are photos. (改為單數(shù)句37.Is he your cousin? (作肯定回答38.Is Linda his sister? (作否定回答39.Is this a Chinese book? (作否定回答40.Those are dictionaries.

18、 (改為單數(shù)句41.Is the CD on the sofa?( 作肯定回答42.Are the chairs next to the table ?(作否定回答43.Where is my book ?(改為復(fù)數(shù)句子44.They are on the sofa .( 改為單數(shù)句子一、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的含義現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時是由“助動詞be(am, is, are+動詞-ing”構(gòu)成,表示說話者“此刻”或現(xiàn)階段的行為。二、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的基本結(jié)構(gòu)1.肯定句:主語+be(am, is, are+現(xiàn)在分詞+例如:I am speaking with him on the phone. 我正和他通電話。He is

19、 playing tennis. 他正在打網(wǎng)球。My parents are dancing. 我父母正在跳舞。2.否定句:主語+be not+現(xiàn)在分詞+例如:Im not studying. 我沒在學(xué)習(xí)。She is not reading now. 現(xiàn)在她不是在看書。They are not writing. 他們沒在寫。3.一般疑問句:Be動詞+主語+現(xiàn)在分詞+?例如:(1Is she still helping Li Ling?她還在幫助李玲嗎？ Yes, she is. 是的。/No, she isnt. 不，她沒在幫李玲。 (2 Are you listening to music

20、? 你正在聽音樂嗎？ Yes, I am. 是的。/No, Im not. 不，我沒有聽音樂。 4特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+be 動詞+主語+現(xiàn)在分詞+？例如： What are you studying? 你正在學(xué)什么？ Im studying English. 我在學(xué)英語。 What is Mike doing? 邁克在做什么？ -He is watching the football match. 他在看 足球比賽。 三、現(xiàn)在分詞的變化規(guī)則 1.一般在動詞末尾加 ing,如： think-thinking go-going 2.以不發(fā)音字母 e 結(jié)尾的動詞，先去掉 e,再加 ing，如：

21、come-coming make-making 3.以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的動詞，中間只有一個元音字母，詞尾只有一個輔音字母，應(yīng)雙寫 末尾的輔音字母，再加 ing, 如： put-putting run-running 四、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的基本用法 1表示此時此刻(說話者正在進(jìn)行的動作。例如： The teacher is talking with his students. 這位老師正在同他的學(xué)生交談。 What are you doing now? 你現(xiàn)在干什么呢？ 2表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動作，但此刻并不一定在進(jìn)行。例如： We are doing an experiment this week.

22、我們這個星期正在做一個實驗。 (但說話時并不一定在做實驗。 3現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時有時可用來表示將來發(fā)生的動作，這一用法常用于 go, come, leave, start 等 短 暫 性 動 詞 ， 后 面 也 常 用 表 示 較 近 的 將 來 時 間 狀 語 ( 如 tomorrow, tonight, this morning/Friday 等，表示安排或計劃好的事情。例如： We are leaving for Shanghai tomorrow. 我們明天啟程去上海。 4現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示說話時正發(fā)生的或者正進(jìn)行的動作。常與時間狀語 now , at the moment 等連用。 It is

23、raining hard now . Dont hurry . I am writing a letter . Will you please turn down the radio ? Watch out (當(dāng)心 ! Its falling . Look ! The clouds are gathering . Look at this picture of a busy railway station . A train is standing at one of the platforms ready to leave . Some of thepassengers are lookin

24、g out of the windows watching the late-comers who are hurrying along looking for empty seats . We are busy at the moment . Im selling cigarettes . My father is selling some sweets . 5.表示按計劃、安排將要發(fā)生的動作。 We are going to Rome next week . Mr Black is leaving for Shanghai in a few days . Are you doing any

25、thing special tonight ? 6用在時間和條件狀語從句中表達(dá)將來正進(jìn)行的動作。 Ill telephone you tomorrow while Im waiting . Ill think about it while you are writing the report . When you are talking with him , take care not to mention this . If you are standing at the corner when I pass , Ill give you a lift into town . 五、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時

26、的練習(xí)題 按要求改寫句子 The boy is playing basketball. 否定句：_ 一般疑問句：_ 肯定回答：_ 否定回答：_ 對“is playing basketball”提問：_ 對“ The boy”提問：_ They are singing in the classroom. 否定句：_ 一般疑問句：_ 肯定回答：_ 否定回答：_ 對“are singing ”提問：_ 對“ in the classroom”提問：_ 4.she,the window ,open, now.(用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時連詞成句. _ 5.The birds are singing in the t

27、ree.(就劃線部分提問 _ 6.is,who,the window, cleaning?(連詞成句 _ 7. The children are playing games near the house.(就劃線部分提問 _ 8.She is closing the door now.(改成否定句 _ 9.You are doing your homework.(用“I”作主語改寫句子 _ 10.they,the tree, sing, now, under.(用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時連詞成句. _ 11.The Young Pioneers are helping the old woman.(改成一般

28、疑問句 _ II.單項選擇 ( 1.我在照看孩子. (AI am looking after the baby. (BIm look aftering the baby. (CI look am aftering the baby. (DI looking after the baby. ( 2._friends making _a kite. (AI, me (BMy, my (CMy, me (DHis, his ( 3.Is the woman _ yellow your teacher? (Ain (Bputting on (Cwearing (Dhaving ( 4.Look!The

29、 twins _their mother do the housework. (Aare wanting (Bhelp (Care helping (Dare looking ( 5._are the birds doing? They are singing in a tree. (AWho (BWhat (CHow (DWhere ( 6.Is she _something? (Aeat (Beating (Ceatting (Deats ( 7.你在干什么? (AWhat is you doing? (BWhat are you do? (CWhat are you doing? (DW

30、hat do you do? ( 8.What are you listening_? (A/ (Bfor (Cat (Dto ( 9.我正在聽他說話. (AI listening to him. (CIm listen to him. ( 10.They are _their clothes. (Amakeing (Bputting (BIm listening to him. (DIm listening him. (Cput away (Dputting on III.用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時完成下列句子: 1.What_you_(do? 2.I_(sing an English song. 3.W

31、hat_he_(mend? 4.He_(mend a car. 5._you_(fly a kite? Yes ,_. 6._she_(sit in the boat? 7._you_(ask questions? 8.We_(play games now. 9.The man_(work near the house now. Many animals use some kind of “l(fā)anguage”. They use signals(信號and the signals have meanings. For example, when a bee(蜜蜂 has found some

32、food, it goes 16 home. It is 17 for a bee to tell 18 bees where the food is by speaking to 19 , but it can do a little dancing. This tells the bees where the food is and 20 it is. Some animals show how they feel by making sounds. It is not difficult to 21 . If a dog is angry, it barks(吠. Birds make

33、several different sounds and 22 has its own meaning. Sometimes we humans make sounds 23 . We make sounds like“Oh!”or“Ouch!”to show how we feel about something or when we 24 something on our feet. We humans have languages. We have words. These words have the meaning of things， actions(行動, feelings or

34、 ideas. We 25 give each other information. Writing down words， we can remember what has happened or send messages to people far away. ( 16.A.out of B.on with C.away from D.back ( 17.A.important B.difficult C.necessary D.impossible ( 18.A.each other B.another C.other D.others ( 19.A.it B.him C.them D

35、.themselves ( 20.A.how long B.how far C.how many D.how old ( 21.A.watch B.see C.look D.tell ( 22.A.each B.every C.all D.some ( 23.A.in the same sound B.by different sounds C.in the same way D.by different ways ( 24.A.put B.drop C.fall D.set ( 25.A.could B.are able to C.couldnt D.be able to . 閱讀理解。 （

36、共 30 分） （A） Plants are very important. This is because plants can make food from air, water and sunlight. Animals and man cannot make food from air, water and sunlight. Animals can get their food by eating plants and other animals. Man gets his food by eating plants and animals, too. So animals and man need plants in order to live. This is why there are so many plants around us. The