計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)課程設(shè)計(jì)某辦公樓局域網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)

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29、#183;·················· 12山東建筑大學(xué)信電學(xué)院學(xué)院課程設(shè)計(jì)說明書摘 要計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)就是利用通信設(shè)備和線路將處于不同地理位置的、功能獨(dú)立的多個(gè)計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)連接起來，以功能完善的網(wǎng)絡(luò)軟件（即網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信協(xié)議、網(wǎng)絡(luò)操作系統(tǒng)等）實(shí)現(xiàn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源共享和信息傳遞的系統(tǒng)。通俗地講就是由多臺(tái)計(jì)算機(jī)（或其它計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)備）通過傳輸介質(zhì)和軟件物理（或邏輯）連接在一起組成的?？偟膩碚f計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的組成基本上包括：計(jì)算機(jī)、網(wǎng)絡(luò)操

30、作系統(tǒng)、傳輸介質(zhì)（可以是有形的，也可以是無形的，如無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)的傳輸介質(zhì)就是看不見的電磁波）以及相應(yīng)的應(yīng)用軟件四部分。局域網(wǎng)是一種小范圍內(nèi)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)，是網(wǎng)絡(luò)的組成細(xì)胞。一個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)有時(shí)就是由大大小小的局域網(wǎng)互連而成的，人們在工作與生活中，經(jīng)常使用的是局域網(wǎng)。例如，在一個(gè)辦公樓里組建一個(gè)可以資源共享的小型辦公局域網(wǎng)。本次設(shè)計(jì)即完成一個(gè)辦公樓局域網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)。關(guān)鍵詞：局域網(wǎng)；IP地址；DHCP山東建筑大學(xué)信電學(xué)院課程設(shè)計(jì)說明書正 文1 設(shè)計(jì)目的本次設(shè)計(jì)要求完成一個(gè)辦公樓局域網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)，以實(shí)現(xiàn)相應(yīng)功能。目的是將理論與實(shí)踐有機(jī)結(jié)合起來，通過課程設(shè)計(jì)，進(jìn)一步鞏固和加強(qiáng)對理論的理解和認(rèn)識，同時(shí)提高實(shí)際操作能力。2

31、設(shè)計(jì)要求1本樓宇局域網(wǎng)由五層樓組成，共計(jì)有120臺(tái)電腦需要接入網(wǎng)絡(luò)，但是該小區(qū)物業(yè)只分配100個(gè)IP。2. 網(wǎng)絡(luò)傳輸媒體的選擇，交換機(jī)類型選擇，網(wǎng)絡(luò)操作系統(tǒng)的選擇，DNS以及WWW服務(wù)器的設(shè)置；中心機(jī)房位置選擇，相關(guān)綜合布線要求，網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全措施。 3 設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容3.1系統(tǒng)需求分析（1）IP地址的分配，采用DHCP技術(shù)。（2）網(wǎng)絡(luò)傳輸媒體的選擇，交換機(jī)類型選擇。1）網(wǎng)絡(luò)傳輸媒體選擇：這里選擇有線傳輸介質(zhì)雙絞線中的直通線與交叉線。 2）交換機(jī)類型選擇：這里選擇CISCO WS-C2960-24智能交換機(jī)。參數(shù)如下： 應(yīng)用層級：二層傳輸速率：10/100Mbps端口數(shù)量：26個(gè)VLAN：支持網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理：W

32、eb瀏覽器，SNMP，C包轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)率：6.5MppsMAC地址表：8K網(wǎng)絡(luò)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：IEEE 802.3，IEEE 8端口結(jié)構(gòu)：非模塊化交換方式：存儲(chǔ)-轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)產(chǎn)品內(nèi)存：64MB（3）局域網(wǎng)拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)：采用級連交換機(jī)的星型拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)高速局域網(wǎng)。（4）網(wǎng)絡(luò)操作系統(tǒng)的選擇：采用Windows NT操作系統(tǒng)。（5）DNS以及HTTP服務(wù)器的設(shè)置：在服務(wù)器中進(jìn)行相關(guān)設(shè)置。（6）中心機(jī)房位置選擇，網(wǎng)絡(luò)布線，網(wǎng)絡(luò)連通性測試：中心機(jī)房位置選擇應(yīng)該選擇樓宇中心位置；使用Cisco Packet Tracer軟件進(jìn)行網(wǎng)絡(luò)布線，模擬網(wǎng)絡(luò)運(yùn)行的任何細(xì)節(jié)，自動(dòng)捕獲各種類型的數(shù)據(jù)包，分析IP數(shù)據(jù)包的結(jié)構(gòu)，更加直觀的學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng)絡(luò)協(xié)議、分

33、析網(wǎng)絡(luò)性能；采用防火墻技術(shù)。3.2方案設(shè)計(jì)3.2.1總體設(shè)計(jì)采用2層交換機(jī)的級聯(lián)局域網(wǎng)拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)。用1臺(tái)CISCO 2960-24TT（24孔）交換機(jī)與路由器相連，并連接一個(gè)服務(wù)器。因?yàn)楣灿?20臺(tái)電腦，需用6臺(tái)二級交換機(jī)與一級 4山東建筑大學(xué)信電學(xué)院課程設(shè)計(jì)說明書交換機(jī)級聯(lián)。其中四個(gè)樓層分配一臺(tái)，一個(gè)樓層分配兩臺(tái)。整個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)通過路由器與外網(wǎng)相連。如下圖所示：3.2.2各部分配置（1）配置路由器（2）服務(wù)器本機(jī)配置山東建筑大學(xué)信電學(xué)院課程設(shè)計(jì)說明書（3）配置DHCP（4）配置HTTP（5）配置DNS山東建筑大學(xué)信電學(xué)院課程設(shè)計(jì)說明書3.2.3測試網(wǎng)絡(luò)（1） 測試DHCP(2)測試DNS和WWW(3)使用計(jì)算機(jī)不同網(wǎng)段互ping檢查網(wǎng)絡(luò)連通山東建筑大學(xué)信電學(xué)院課程設(shè)計(jì)說明書3.2.4網(wǎng)絡(luò)操作系統(tǒng)的選擇采用Windows NT操作系統(tǒng)，Microsoft的Windows NT Ser