新版新視野大學(xué)英語第一冊(cè)Unit1 SectionA單詞和例句

1、新視野大學(xué)英語讀寫教程（第二版）第一冊(cè)單詞表Unit 1 Section A Learning a Foreign LanguageWords and Expressions<1>reward |vt.|give sth. in return for good and valuable doings |獎(jiǎng)賞；回報(bào)He was rewarded handsomely for his efforts. |他的努力得到了可觀的回報(bào)。It is often necessary to reward people for their hard work, if you want them to

2、 continue working hard for you. |如果你想要人們繼續(xù)努力工作，就有必要獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)他們的工作。|n.|C, U sth. as a return for good and valuable doings |獎(jiǎng)賞；回報(bào)As a reward for passing the exams, she got a new bike from her parents. |因?yàn)橥ㄟ^了考試，父母獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)給她一輛新自行車。She got no reward for all the hard work she did. |她辛苦的工作并沒有得到嘉獎(jiǎng)<2><em>rewa

3、rding</em>|a.|giving sb. satisfaction, pleasure, or profit |值得做的，有益的，有意義的Doing exercise can be very rewarding for everyone. |鍛煉身體對(duì)每個(gè)人都會(huì)有好處。She finds her career very rewarding. |她覺得自己的工作很有意義。<3>frustrate |vt.|1. cause sb. to have feelings of disappointment |使沮喪，使灰心The lack of evidence in

4、this case is frustrating the police. |警方因案件缺乏證據(jù)而感到傷腦筋。The difficulties of learning a new language frustrated the students who wanted to use the language right away. |學(xué)習(xí)一門新語言的困難使那些想立即使用那種語言的學(xué)生沮喪不已。2. cause the failure of sth. |使挫敗，使受挫折The bad weather frustrated our hopes of going out. |壞天氣使我們打消了外出的念頭

5、。The police frustrated his attempt to escape. |警方挫敗了他逃跑的企圖。<4>junior|a.|having a low position, level, or rank |（地位、水平、層次）較低的She started work as a junior reporter on a local newspaper before working her way up to higher positions. |她從本地一家報(bào)社當(dāng)初級(jí)記者干起，通過努力職位不斷上升。Students spend six years in elementa

6、ry education and three years in junior middle school. |學(xué)生在小學(xué)上六年，初中上三年。|n.|1. C sb. who is younger |年少者He is my junior by several years. |他比我小幾歲。She married a man seven years her junior. |她跟一個(gè)比自己小7歲的男人結(jié)了婚。2. C sb. of low or lower position |（地位或等級(jí)）較低者；晚輩She joined the firm a year ago and is now my jun

7、ior. |她一年前到公司工作，現(xiàn)在是我的下屬。The senior officer should have been aware of what his juniors were doing. |那位上司早該清楚自己下屬的所作所為。<5>positive|a.|1. helpful and encouraging in achieving sth. |積極的Everyone went to Mary for advice, because Mary was known for having a positive attitude and being able to make ot

8、her people feel good. |大家都向瑪麗討教，因?yàn)楸娝苤偸菓B(tài)度積極, 會(huì)使大家感覺良好。We need to take positive steps to improve the situation of families in poverty. |我們必須采取積極措施改善貧困家庭的處境。2. definite; allowing no room for doubt |確實(shí)的，明確的It seems unlikely to me, but she seemed very positive. |這在我看來是不可能的，但她卻非?？隙ā'm absolutely p

9、ositive I haven't made a mistake. |我沒有錯(cuò)，這一點(diǎn)我絕對(duì)肯定。<6>senior|a.|having a higher position, level, or rank |（地位、水平、層次）較高的Students leave middle school at the end of their senior year. |學(xué)生在中學(xué)高年級(jí)結(jié)束之后離校。The delegation consists of senior figures from education and business. |代表團(tuán)由教育界和工商界的資深人士組成。|n.|

10、1. C sb. who is older |較年長(zhǎng)者Seniors can get a 10% discount in this department store. |老人在該百貨店可得到九折的優(yōu)惠。Her husband was nine years her senior. |她丈夫比她大9歲。2. C sb. of high or higher position |（地位或等級(jí)）較高者；長(zhǎng)輩Only the seniors made the decisions among us. |在我們中間只有年資較高的人才有決定權(quán)。The three vice ministers are my se

11、niors. |三位副部長(zhǎng)都是我的上司。<7>former|a.|of an earlier period |在前的，以前的，舊時(shí)的In former times, people were hanged for stealing in Britain. |以前，在英國(guó)小偷被處以絞刑。The park has been reduced to half its former size. |公園的規(guī)模已被縮減到以前的一半大了。|n.|(the ) the first of the two people or things just mentioned |前者Between small c

12、hanges and big changes, the former is more likely. |在小變化和大變化兩者之中，前者的可能性更大。Given the choice between a white T-shirt and a green one, most people would choose the former because green is not popular. |如果讓大家選擇是要白T恤還是綠T恤，大多數(shù)會(huì)選擇前者，因?yàn)榫G色不流行。<8>unlike|prep.|not like; different from |不像；和.不同He was firm

13、 and steady unlike other men she knew. |他堅(jiān)毅、穩(wěn)健，跟她認(rèn)識(shí)的其他男人不一樣。Her recent report is quite unlike her earlier work. |她最近的報(bào)告與以前的大不相同。<9>intimidate|vt.|create a feeling of fear |恐嚇，威脅They intimidated him into doing what they wanted. |他們脅迫他干他們要干的事。John intimidated his brother into not telling their p

14、arents the truth. |約翰威脅他弟弟，不準(zhǔn)他把真相告訴父母。<10>opportunity |n. |C, U a good moment or chance for doing sth. |機(jī)會(huì)，時(shí)機(jī)| |He loved music, but because his family was poor, he didn't have an opportunity to take lessons. |他喜愛音樂，但因家里太窮，他沒有機(jī)會(huì)去學(xué)。| |All he needs is an opportunity to show his ability. |他需要的

15、只是展現(xiàn)自己才能的機(jī)會(huì)。<11>online|a.|connected to other computers through the Internet |聯(lián)線的；聯(lián)網(wǎng)的；在線的He took an online course to improve his English. |他選了網(wǎng)上課程以提高英語水平。The result of the online survey has proved to be positive. |在線調(diào)查結(jié)果證明是積極的。|ad.|doing sth. online |聯(lián)線地；聯(lián)網(wǎng)地I'll just go online and look up h

16、er address. |我剛好要上網(wǎng)查她的地址。Today more than 80% of customer's questions are answered online. | 現(xiàn)今，顧客80%以上的咨詢都給予在線答復(fù)。<12>communication |n. |U the action of sending and exchanging information |交流；交際；通訊Mobile phone is an important means of communication. |手機(jī)是重要的通訊工具。Generation gap arises from a

17、lack of communication between the young and the old. |代溝的產(chǎn)生是由于青老年間缺乏交流。<13>medium|n.|C (pl. media or mediums) a method for giving information |媒介，媒體TV is a medium for giving information and opinions. |電視是傳遞消息和觀點(diǎn)的媒體。Light travels through the medium of air. |光通過空氣傳送。|a.|of middle size, amount, o

18、r quality |中等的They have a medium-sized house in the heart of the city. |他們?cè)谑兄行挠写敝械却笮〉姆孔?。What size shirt does he wearmedium or large? |他適合穿哪個(gè)尺碼的襯衣大號(hào)還是中號(hào)？<14>modem|n.|C |調(diào)制解調(diào)器He forgot to get a modem when he bought his computer. |他買計(jì)算機(jī)時(shí)忘記拿調(diào)制解調(diào)器了。A modem is necessary for connecting to the Interne

19、t. |連接因特網(wǎng)必須用調(diào)制解調(diào)器。<15>access|n.|1. U the right to have or use sth. |享用權(quán)The people in the school have access to that computer lab for free. |這個(gè)學(xué)校里的人可以免費(fèi)使用那間電腦室。Students have access to many different courses to satisfy their individual interests and career plans. |學(xué)生可以選擇多種課程以滿足他們的個(gè)人興趣和職業(yè)規(guī)劃。2. U

20、the means of entering a place |通道；入口That is the only access into the building. |這是通向大樓的唯一通道。The road was the only access into and out of the small village. |這條路是進(jìn)出這個(gè)小村子的唯一通道。<16>participate |vi. |take part |參與，參加| |Some members refused to participate. |有些成員拒絕參加。| |Only persons aged 8 years or

21、over may participate in the spelling contest. |只有年滿8歲或8歲以上的人才可參加拼寫比賽。<17>virtual|a.|1. created by the computer to be similar to the experience of real life |虛擬的This device helps make virtual reality a more usable and accessible technology. |該設(shè)備有助于提高虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)技術(shù)的實(shí)用性和易用性。Their recent online studies be

22、gan with an introduction to the demands of the virtual classroom. |他們新近的在線研究是以對(duì)虛擬教室需求介紹開始的。2. almost what is stated |實(shí)質(zhì)上的；實(shí)際上的It is a virtual certainty that you will become the best student in this class; you've always been the best in everything. |事實(shí)上已肯定你將是班上最好的學(xué)生； 你一直在各方面都是最棒的。Finding a parkin

23、g space in the busy season is a virtual impossibility. |想在旺季找到停車位是不現(xiàn)實(shí)的。<18>commitment|n. |1. U the hard work and loyalty that sb. gives to an organization, activity, etc. |投入, 致力，獻(xiàn)身My commitment to study has made me the most successful person in my small town. |我對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)的投入使我成為小鎮(zhèn)上最成功的人。It's a p

24、art-time program, but it's still a big time commitment. |這雖然不是個(gè)全職項(xiàng)目，但卻需要投入大量的時(shí)間。2. C a promise to follow certain beliefs or actions |承諾，許諾，保證Marriage is a lifelong commitment. |婚姻是終生的承諾。The governor has made a strong commitment to creating more jobs in the state. |州長(zhǎng)信誓旦旦地保證要給州里創(chuàng)造更多工作機(jī)會(huì)。<19>

25、;discipline|n. |1. U a state of order and control; self-control |紀(jì)律；自制能力He did not like the army because of the strict discipline. |因?yàn)榧o(jì)律太嚴(yán)，他不喜歡軍隊(duì)生活。It takes a lot of discipline to eat less and lose weight. |要做到少吃減肥得遵守許多清規(guī)戒律。2. C a branch of learning |學(xué)科She has not yet decided which discipline to tak

26、e at college, but she might study history. |她沒有決定在大學(xué)選修哪門學(xué)科， 但她可能學(xué)歷史。The traditional academic disciplines are less popular among students, who now prefer subjects such as business studies. |傳統(tǒng)的學(xué)術(shù)科目受學(xué)生歡迎的程度有所降低，而今工商類的課程更受他們青睞。<20>minimum|a.|the least, or the smallest possible |最低的，最小的The minimum

27、 age to buy cigarettes is 18. |購買香煙最低年齡是18歲。The minimum amount of money to open an account at that bank is ten dollars. |在那個(gè)銀行開戶至少要有10美元。|n.|sing. the smallest amount |最低限度；最少量You have to stay for a minimum of seven days. |你起碼要呆上7天。The price is her minimum; she refuses to lower it any more. |這是她開的最低

28、價(jià)，她拒絕再降價(jià)。<21>assignment|n.|C a piece of work given to a particular person |任務(wù)；作業(yè)Half the workers were given different assignments. |有一半的工人被分配到不同的任務(wù)中。The teacher asked her students to finish their assignments every day. |老師要求學(xué)生每天完成作業(yè)。<22>embarrass|vt.|make sb. feel ashamed, nervous, or un

29、comfortable |使尷尬，使難堪Getting up on stage without knowing what to say embarrassed me. |上臺(tái)不知道說什么使我感到尷尬。I hope I didn't embarrass you in front of your friends. |但愿我沒有讓你在朋友面前感到尷尬。<23><em>embarrassing</em> |a. |making sb. feel embarrassed |使人尷尬的；令人難堪的| |Don't ask me such embarras

30、sing questions. |別問我這種尷尬的問題。| |The situation is embarrassing. |這種情形令人很尷尬。<24><em>frustration</em> |n. |C, U the feeling of being disappointed, annoyed, or upset |沮喪；不安；灰心| |Poetry helps me express some of the frustrations I feel at the world. |詩歌一定程度上表達(dá)了我對(duì)世事的挫折感。| |I was close to t

31、ears with frustration while trying to complete the difficult math exam, but I held back. |數(shù)學(xué)考試很難，做題時(shí)我沮喪得差點(diǎn)掉淚，但還是忍住了。<25>post|vt.|put up sth. on a screen, wall, or notice board |發(fā)帖子；張貼Could you photocopy the advertisement and post it on the notice board for us? |你能不能幫我們把廣告復(fù)印一份貼到公告欄里？They post n

32、otices on the Internet, recommending that all users, whether frequent or casual, have their disks checked. |他們?cè)诰W(wǎng)上貼出通知，告誡所有用戶檢查自己的軟盤。<26>continual|a.|1. continuing without stopping |不間斷的，不停的The continual noise is making me angry. |噪音不斷，我很生氣。Despite continual pain, he refused all drugs. |盡管疼痛不止，

33、他仍然拒絕使用任何藥物。2. happening again and again |多次重復(fù)的；頻繁的There have been continual requests for improved working conditions. |人們不斷要求改善工作環(huán)境。The continual news reports about the economy have scared many manufacturers. |有關(guān)經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況的頻繁新聞報(bào)道使很多生產(chǎn)廠家擔(dān)心不已。<27><em>continually</em> |ad. |1. continuing f

34、or a long time without stopping |不間斷地，不停地| |The Museum is continually developingthere's something new to see every year. |博物館不斷地?cái)U(kuò)展年年都可看到新東西。| |No matter how hard you try not to think about past failures, they continually cross your mind. |不管你怎樣努力不去想以往的失敗，這些事老在心頭縈繞。| |2. repeatedly for many times

35、 and over a long period of time |多次重復(fù)地; 頻頻地| |The child was continually changing his mind. |小孩的想法老是在變。<28>reap |vt.|1. get sth., esp. sth. good, as a result of what one has done|獲得，得到Now they have come to reap the benefits of their hard work. |現(xiàn)在他們?cè)撜∷麄兊膭趧?dòng)成果了。Those who take risks often reap gr

36、eat rewards. |肯冒風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，才有大收獲。2. cut and gather a crop of grain |收割；收獲The women were all out reaping the fields. |婦女們都出去收割莊稼了。Summer is the time for reaping a harvest of fruits and vegetables. |夏天是收獲水果和蔬菜的季節(jié)。<29>benefit |n.|C anything that brings help or profit |益處，好處Some countries offer newcomers

37、many benefits, such as job training and language lessons. |有些國(guó)家為初來者提供許多優(yōu)惠，如工作培訓(xùn)和語言課程。Tourism has brought many benefits to the area. |旅游業(yè)給這個(gè)地區(qū)帶來了豐厚的收益。|v.|be useful or helpful to |有益于The new teaching program will benefit many students. |這個(gè)新的教學(xué)項(xiàng)目會(huì)使許多學(xué)生受益。He expects stocks to continue to rise higher, b

38、enefiting from falling interest rates. |他指望股票還能持續(xù)漲高，這樣就可從下跌利率中賺上一把。<30>insight|n.|C, U an accurate or deep understanding of sth. |洞悉；深刻的見解The lecture provides new insights into the way we process language. |這次講座使我們對(duì)語言處理有了新的認(rèn)識(shí)。Her research has given us some insight into what sparks a child'

39、s curiosity. |她的研究使我們對(duì)誘發(fā)孩子好奇心的因素有所了解。<31>communicate |vi. |exchange feelings, opinions, or information with other people |交流；交際| |He is slow in speaking and cannot communicate with other people very well. |他說話慢慢吞吞，與人交流能力比較差。| |They couldn't communicate in writing, because William was illit

40、erate. |他們不能書信交流，因?yàn)橥蛔R(shí)字。|vt. |make (opinions, feelings, or information) known or understood by others |傳達(dá)；傳播| |Our teachers communicate their ideas very clearly. |我們的老師表達(dá)思想非常清楚。| |She tried to communicate her fears to her mother. |她盡力向母親表明自己的擔(dān)憂。<32>favorite|a.|(BrE favourite) best liked or mo

41、st enjoyed |最喜歡的Of the many colors in nature, red is my favorite color because it is the most beautiful. |在自然界的諸多顏色中， 我最喜歡紅色， 它最美。Most people at the stadium will be cheering on their favorite players. |在運(yùn)動(dòng)場(chǎng)上， 大多數(shù)人都會(huì)為自己喜愛的運(yùn)動(dòng)員加油。|n.|C sb. or sth. that is loved above all others |特別喜愛的人或物I like all her

42、books but this is my favorite. |她寫的書我都喜歡，但最喜歡這本。Conflicts in the home often result from one child being thought of as his parents' favorite. |父母視其中一個(gè)孩子為掌上明珠常會(huì)引發(fā)家庭沖突。<33>gap|n.|C a big difference between two amounts, situations, or groups of people|差距；分歧There's a ten-year gap between Ka

43、y's two children. |凱的兩個(gè)小孩年齡相差10歲。The age gap between us didn't seem to matter until we decided to have children. |在我們決定要孩子以前，年齡差距對(duì)我們似乎沒什么影響。<TITLE>Phrases and Expressions</TITLE><34>at times|sometimes but not usually |有時(shí)，偶爾|He used to go to the theatre at times. |他以前偶爾會(huì)去看看戲

44、。|At times he feels that he wants to leave his job. |有時(shí)他真想辭職。<35>be worth sth./doing sth. |be rewarding enough for the time, effort, money, etc. |值得.的|The watch is worth more than the price. |這表的價(jià)值超出標(biāo)價(jià)。|Doing morning exercises is worth the time. |花點(diǎn)時(shí)間做早操是值得的。<36>not only.but also.不僅.而且.|

45、Not only did I find the game very boring, but I also felt it was meaningless. |我覺得這場(chǎng)比賽非?？菰锒覜]什么意義。|Not only the story is interesting to us but also the English is good for us to learn. |這故事不僅有趣，而且其英語地道，值得一學(xué)。<37>far from|not. at all; rather than |一點(diǎn)都不|The composition is far from perfect. |這篇作文太

46、糟了。|I know he was hurt, but he was far from being the person who was hurt most. |我知道他受了傷害， 但他還不是受傷害最深的人。<38>a couple of|two; a small number of |兩個(gè)；一些，幾個(gè)|I will need a couple of minutes to complete the report to my boss. |我還需要幾分鐘時(shí)間完成給老板的報(bào)告。|I met him a couple of times last year. |去年我遇見過他幾次。<

47、39>get/have/obtain access to |have the right to have or use sth. |有權(quán)享用；可以使用|People living here have access to that swimming pool for free. |住在這里的人可以免費(fèi)去那個(gè)游泳池游泳。|If I could get access to the head offices, I could tell the management my new ideas about how to improve this company. |如果我可以到總部辦公室去，我就能向

48、管理部門提出改善公司狀況的新主意。<40>participate in|take part in |參加|We are expected to participate actively in English class. |我們要積極參與英語課的活動(dòng)。|She participated in several sports in senior middle school. |在高中時(shí)，她參加過好幾項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目。<41>keep up with |keep the same speed as |趕上；不落后|The small child had to run in orde

49、r to keep up with his brother. |這小孩為了趕上他哥哥只好跑了起來。|I'm having trouble keeping up with the rest of the class. |我要趕上班上其他人還有困難。<42>feel like sth./doing sth. |want to have or do sth. |想要；想做|I feel like a cup of tea. |我想要杯咖啡。|I just don't feel like doing anything tonight. |今晚我什么事情都不想干。<43

50、>give up|stop doing or stop trying to do sth. |停止，放棄|My teacher told me not to give up no matter how difficult things become. |老師要我無論如何困難都不要放棄。|I've given up trying to get her to change her mind. |我已不再爭(zhēng)取讓她改變主意。<44>think out|consider all the aspects and details of sth. before doing it |仔細(xì)考慮；推敲；琢磨|I need time to think things out. |我需要時(shí)間好好想一下。|She hadn't thought out what she was going to say at the party. |她還沒有想清楚自己