2011高考英語狀語從句

1、狀狀 語語 從從 句句 狀語從句在句中作狀語，修飾主句中的動詞，狀語從句在句中作狀語，修飾主句中的動詞，形容詞，副詞等。狀語從句放在主句之前，常用逗形容詞，副詞等。狀語從句放在主句之前，常用逗號分開；放在主句之后，一般不用逗號。狀語從句號分開；放在主句之后，一般不用逗號。狀語從句按其意義和作用可分為時間、條件、原因、讓步、按其意義和作用可分為時間、條件、原因、讓步、目的、結(jié)果、方式、比較、地點等九種。目的、結(jié)果、方式、比較、地點等九種。（一）時間狀語從句（一）時間狀語從句1、時間狀語從句常用連詞有、時間狀語從句常用連詞有when, as, while, before, after, since

2、, till, until, as soon as, hardly.when, scarcelywhen, no sooner . than, the moment, the instant等。等。2、時間、時間 /條件狀語從句一般不用將來時，因此，主句條件狀語從句一般不用將來時，因此，主句若為將來時，時間狀語從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時。若為將來時，時間狀語從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時。 eg. Ill go on with the work when I come back tomorrow.while 后只可接時間后只可接時間段段，表，表“當當時候時候”；還可表；還可表示示 “而，然而而，然而”when 后

3、接時間后接時間點點或時間或時間段，段，表表“當當時候時候”；還可；還可表表 示示“這時，忽然這時，忽然”（用在句型中）及（用在句型中）及“既然既然”eg. While/when I was reading, he came in.As he walked along the street, he sang happily.as 引導持續(xù)性動作，強調(diào)主句和從句的動作同引導持續(xù)性動作，強調(diào)主句和從句的動作同 時發(fā)生，譯為時發(fā)生，譯為“一邊一邊一邊一邊”When he came in, we were having a meeting.3、連詞、連詞when, while和和as都表示都表示“當當?shù)?/p>

4、時候的時候”，（一）時間狀語從句（一）時間狀語從句4、till或或until表示表示“一直到一直到時時”，主句和從句都用，主句和從句都用肯定式，主句用延續(xù)性動詞；表示肯定式，主句用延續(xù)性動詞；表示“直到直到才才”時，時，主句用否定式，用終止性動詞，從句用肯定式。主句用否定式，用終止性動詞，從句用肯定式。till不不能置于句首。能置于句首。e.g He worked till/ until it was dark.（一）時間狀語從句（一）時間狀語從句 He did not get up till/ until his mother came in.5、as soon as, the instan

5、t和和the moment/ the minute/ the second引導的從句表示引導的從句表示“一一就就”；no sooner.than, hardly.when, scarcely.when引導的引導的從句表示從句表示“剛剛就就”，主句中的動詞一般用過去完成，主句中的動詞一般用過去完成時，從句用一般過去時，而且當此短語置于時，從句用一般過去時，而且當此短語置于句首句首時，主時，主句應(yīng)句應(yīng)半倒裝半倒裝。e.g. I recognized her the instant I saw her. Hardly had I entered the room when I heard a noi

6、se.（一）時間狀語從句（一）時間狀語從句（一）時間狀語從句（一）時間狀語從句5、before & since若表達若表達“還未還未就就”“”“不到不到就就”“”“才才” ” “趁，還沒來得及趁，還沒來得及”時，用時，用before, 從句中謂語不用否定從句中謂語不用否定式。式。 eg. We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land. We hadnt run a mile before he felt tired. Please write it down before you forget it. Before I c

7、ould get in a word, he had measured me.It + be + 時間段時間段 + before “多久之后才多久之后才” It + be +not + 時間段時間段 + before “沒多久就沒多久就” e.g. It will be half a year before I come back. It wasnt long before we met again. since從句的謂語動詞一般是終止性動詞，主句的謂語從句的謂語動詞一般是終止性動詞，主句的謂語動詞是延續(xù)性的或表示反復(fù)發(fā)生過的動作。從句的時態(tài)若動詞是延續(xù)性的或表示反復(fù)發(fā)生過的動作。從句的時態(tài)若

8、是是 一般過去時，主句的時態(tài)是現(xiàn)在完成時或現(xiàn)在完成進一般過去時，主句的時態(tài)是現(xiàn)在完成時或現(xiàn)在完成進行時。行時。 e.g. I have written home four times since I came here.（一）時間狀語從句（一）時間狀語從句It + + 時間段時間段 + since + was 一般過去時一般過去時 過去完成時過去完成時終止性動詞終止性動詞（直譯直譯）延續(xù)性動詞延續(xù)性動詞（反義反義）is beeg. It is 3 years since she was my wife. It is 3 years since she became my wife. Her m

9、other said it was 12 years since her father had died.He said it was 2 weeks since he had smoked.（一）時間狀語從句（一）時間狀語從句（二）原因狀語從句（二）原因狀語從句because 強調(diào)從句強調(diào)從句, , 表直接的因果關(guān)系側(cè)重回答表直接的因果關(guān)系側(cè)重回答“為什為什 么么” ” since 側(cè)重主句側(cè)重主句, , 從句所表示的只是顯然的或已知從句所表示的只是顯然的或已知的的 理由理由, “, “既然既然”now that “既然既然”, ,和和since的意義和用法相同的意義和用法相同, , tha

10、t可可 省省, 用來表示一種新的情況用來表示一種新的情況, 再來加以推論。再來加以推論。for 語氣最弱，不能置于句首，表補充說明的或推語氣最弱，不能置于句首，表補充說明的或推 測的理由測的理由( 并列句）并列句）Now (that) you are free today, you may have a rest at home.as 主從句并重，較口語化，用得較普遍主從句并重，較口語化，用得較普遍常用常用because, since, as, for, now that等引導。等引導。（三）地點狀語從句（三）地點狀語從句 地點狀語從句常用地點狀語從句常用where, wherever等連詞引

11、導；等連詞引導；注意不要和注意不要和where引導的定語從句相混淆。引導的定語從句相混淆。eg. Make a mark where you have questions. Make a mark at the place where you have questions. ( (狀語從句狀語從句) )(定語從句定語從句)（四）條件狀語從句（四）條件狀語從句 條件狀語從句用條件狀語從句用if, unless/if.not, as/so long as (只只要要), in case(萬一萬一), on condition that(條件是條件是), suppose (that) (假設(shè)，用于問

12、句假設(shè)，用于問句), provided (that)等詞引導。如等詞引導。如果主句是將來時，條件狀語從句用一般時表示。果主句是將來時，條件狀語從句用一般時表示。eg. As long as I live, I shall work hard. I shall not go to school unless I finish my homework. In case there is a fire, what will you do first? Suppose (that) they refuse us, who else can we turn to for help?（五）讓步狀語從句（五

13、）讓步狀語從句 讓步狀語從句由讓步狀語從句由although/though, as, even if, however, whatever, no matter who/how.等詞引導。等詞引導。eg. Although he is clever, he doesnt study well. No matter who asks for advice,she is always ready to help.注意：由注意：由asas引導的讓步狀語從句，須將作表語的形容引導的讓步狀語從句，須將作表語的形容詞或名詞（不用冠詞）放在句首。詞或名詞（不用冠詞）放在句首。eg. Clever as he

14、 is, he doesnt study well.Child as he is , he knows a lot.（六）結(jié)果狀語從句（六）結(jié)果狀語從句 結(jié)果狀語從句一般由結(jié)果狀語從句一般由so that, so.that, such. that引導，放在主句之后。引導，放在主句之后。eg. It is so heavy a box that nobody can move it.It is such a heavy box that nobody can move it.eg. They started early so that they might arrive in time. He

15、works hard in order that he can serve the country well. 目的狀語從句常由目的狀語從句常由that, so that , in order that(從句中常用從句中常用may, can, should等情態(tài)動詞等情態(tài)動詞) 放在放在主句之后。主句之后。（七）目的狀語從句（七）目的狀語從句（八）方式狀語從句（八）方式狀語從句 方式狀語從句放在主句之后，用方式狀語從句放在主句之后，用as, just as, as if, as though等引導。等引導。as if和和as though引導的從句一般引導的從句一般用虛擬語氣，但如果從句中所陳

16、述的情況很可能實現(xiàn)，用虛擬語氣，但如果從句中所陳述的情況很可能實現(xiàn)，也可用陳述語氣。也可用陳述語氣。eg. The old man runs very fast as if he were a young man.You may do as you please.（九）比較狀語從句（九）比較狀語從句 比較狀語從句常由比較狀語從句常由as.as; than; not so.as; the more., the more. 等詞引導。比較從句部分是等詞引導。比較從句部分是省略句。省略句。eg. I know you do better than he does. The more we can do for you, the happier we will be.狀語從句中的省略狀語從句中的省略 時間狀語從句、條件狀語從句、方式狀語從句時間狀語