2011高考英語知識點掃描大全

1、文檔供參考，可復(fù)制、編制，期待您的好評與關(guān)注！ 2011高考英語知識點掃描大全（1）a great/good many: a large number of許多。修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。Im quite busy. I have a great many things to do. 我很忙，我有很多事要做。若復(fù)數(shù)名詞前有限定詞或其修飾的為代詞時，應(yīng)加of .A great many of the books have been sold out. 已經(jīng)賣了很多書了。A great many of them are out of work.他們很多人失業(yè)了。able(可以的，有能力的，可能的)He i

2、s an able man.那人本事不小。enable(v)使能We must learn more to enable us to face all the difficulties.我們要多學(xué)知識以便能面對各種困難。disable:有殘疾的，不能干的；the disabled表示一類人（殘疾人）able作詞根時可以的，值得的（有被動含義）eatable可食用的，measurable可以測量、估計的；readable可讀的其他含義：conformable舒適的、安逸的；suitable 合適的，恰當(dāng)?shù)腶bove,over,on三個詞都可以表示在上，但用法不同。On表示與某物體表面接觸；ove

3、r表示在某物體垂直的上方，含布滿、覆蓋、跨越之意，與under 相對；above表示位置高于，但不一定垂直，與below相對。注意：與數(shù)字、數(shù)量、長度詞連用時，多用over,同more than。如：over10,000people一萬多人；表示年齡、刻度多用above，如a man above fifty五十開外的人；above zero零度以上。習(xí)慣用語：well above average遠(yuǎn)在一般以上；above sea-level海拔以上；the one above上面的一個；above all首先，尤其重要的是；over there 那邊； all over 遍及；over agai

4、n 再一遍；over and over再三地應(yīng)用介詞填空There lay an umbrella_the table and some raincoats _it.The mother held an umbrella_the boys head so that the sun wouldnt burn him. There seemed to be a war and many planes were flying_ the city.The moon was_the trees in the east.Key:on,under over overabove aboveabove all

5、首先，特別是，最重要的是after all 到底，畢竟at all (用來加強語氣)與not連用，表示一點也不，完全不。in all 總共all but 幾乎，差點沒（=almost,nearly）We have all but finished the work.The day turned out fine after all.Children need many things ,but above all they need love.He wasnt at all tired.Do you feel ill at all(真的，確實)？There were twenty in all

6、at the party.accident/event/ incidentevent一般指重大事件。accident多指意外或偶然發(fā)生的事故，特別是不幸的、有損害性的事故。incident相對于accident來說，顯得不很重要，指小事件，它還可以用來表示事變，如叛亂、爆炸等。如：The broadcaster is broadcasting the news on current events.廣播員正在播報時事新聞。He was badly injured in the traffic accident.在那起交通事故中，他嚴(yán)重受傷。There was an incident on the

7、 bus: a man fought with the conductor.那輛公共汽車上發(fā)生了一件事，有個人和售票員打了起來。Have you heard of Xian Incident?你聽說過西安事變嗎？admit vt.接納，許可進入（allow sb./sth.to enter）He was admitted to the school this year.Only two hundred boys and girls are admitted to our school every year.承認(rèn)，后可接名詞，doing、從句或復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。I admit my fault.She

8、admitted having read the letter.He admitted that his comprehension was weak.You must admit the task to be difficult.advice建議；勸告。是不可數(shù)名詞，一條建議應(yīng)用a piece of advice。常用結(jié)構(gòu)。give sb.advice(on)/give advice給某人提（關(guān)于的）建議；忠告某人。ask(sb.)for advice征求（某人的）意見。 第一課時結(jié)束Marx gave us some good advice on how to learn a foreig

9、n language.關(guān)于如何學(xué)好外語，馬克思給我們提了些好建議。If you take /follow my advice,youll pass the exam.如果你聽從我的建議，你會考試及格的。Lets ask our teacher for some advice.咱們征求一下老師的意見吧。admire（= respect / praise）vt.羨慕，欽佩，夸獎 admire sb.（for sth.）佩服某人某事 Visitors to Beijing greatly admire our Palace Museum. 去北京的游人極其羨慕我們的故宮。 I admire him

10、for his wisdom.我佩服他的智慧。 對比：envy（= jealous）vt.嫉妒，羨慕 envy sb.（sth.）嫉妒/羨慕某人某事 We all envy you your good future. 我們都很羨慕你的好運。advise sb. to do sth.建議某人做某事（suggest不這樣用）。I advise you to take the chance.我建議你抓住機會。-What do you advise me to do?你建議我怎么辦？-I advise you not to lose heart; just keep on.我勸你不要灰心，繼續(xù)干。ad

11、vise 還可同suggest一樣，后接名詞、代詞、動名詞（短語）和that從句（用虛擬語氣）作賓語。-What would you advise?你有什么建議嗎？-I advise you an early start我建議你早點出發(fā)。I advise holding a metting to discuss the problem.我建議召開一次會議來討論這個問題。I advise you (should) go to once.我建議你馬上去。advise ，persuade persuade sb. to do sth.意為說服某人做某事，強調(diào)勸說成功，說服；advise sb. to

12、 do sth. 意為勸說某人做某事，不涉及勸說是否有效，相當(dāng)于try to persuade sb. to do sth.。如：The doctor persuaded my father to give up smoking.醫(yī)生說服我爸爸戒了煙。The doctor advised my father to give up smoking, but failed.醫(yī)生勸我爸爸戒煙，但沒成功。advise; suggestadvise 與suggest 都可作建議講，二者用法有同有異。(1)相同點表示建議做某事，advise與suggest都可采用下列三種句型: + 名詞 + 動名詞 +

13、that從句（從句中常用should加動詞原形，should可以省略。）eg. He advised/ suggested an early start.He advised/ suggested (our) starting early.He advised/ suggested that we (should) start early.(注：只要是用從句表示建議該做的事，從句中就可用should+動詞原形，should可以省略。)上面的第三句可轉(zhuǎn)化為：It was suggested that we (should) start early.What he suggested was th

14、at we(should) start early.His suggestion was that we (should) start early.(2)不同點advise后可以跟人稱代詞作賓語，而suggest后不可以跟人稱代詞作賓語。故可以說：advise sb. to do sth.; advise sb. against (doing) sth.; advise sb. on/ about sth.; suggest(to sb.)that.前三種結(jié)構(gòu)中不可將advise改為suggest，如：他建議我們?nèi)⒂^博物館。正He advised us to go to visit the

15、museum.誤He suggested us to go to visit the museum.誤He suggested us that we go to visit the museum.suggest還有暗示、表明、說、指出（一個事實）的意思。此時從句中用陳述語氣，不用虛擬語氣。如：The smile on his face suggested that he was pleased.Having examined carefully, the doctor suggested that the patient was seriously ill.(句中suggest陳述了一個事實，

16、故用陳述語氣。)比較：Having examined carefully, the doctor suggested that the Patient be operated on at once.(句中suggest表示建議該做某事，從句中用should加動詞原形，should在從句中省略。)affect（=have an effect on sth.）vt.影響（effect n.影響） This may affect your health. 這或許會影響你的健康。My throat is always affected by bad weather.我的嗓子總是受惡劣天氣的影響。afr

17、aid1)be afraid of+名詞，意為害怕。2）be afraid of doing sth意為擔(dān)心，害怕。3）be afraid for意為為擔(dān)心。4）be afraid that意為擔(dān)心，恐怕。5）be afraid to do 意為害怕，擔(dān)心而不敢做某事。6）Im afraid so/not.恐怕是這樣/恐怕不會這樣應(yīng)用完成句子女孩子一般都怕蛇。Girls are usually_ _snakes.他怕把杯子打碎，因而很小心。He was careful because he was afraid_ _the glass.你不為自己的安全擔(dān)心嗎？Are you afraid_yo

18、ur safety?恐怕她會迷路。I am _ _she will lose her way.湯姆把錢丟了，也不敢告訴他母親。Tom lost the money and was afraid_ _his mother.Key:afraid,of of,breaking for afraid,that to tellagain and again = time and time again = over and over = over and over again再三地 The old man thinks of his happy past again and again. 這位老人再三地想

19、起他幸福的過去。age (1)n.年齡，時代，時期 The old man died at the age of 80/when he was 80 years of age/when he was 80 years old. 那位老人80歲時去世了。 He is young for his age. 就他的年齡而論，他是年輕的。 What is the age of the church? 這座教堂多少年了？ He was the greatest poet of the age. 他是那個時代最偉大的詩人。 (2)vi./vt. 變老 He is aging fast. Worry age

20、s a man. 他老得很快。憂慮令人老！ I found him greatly aged. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)他老多了。 拓展：（1）adj. aged歲的，年老的 a boy aged ten 一個10歲的男孩 an aged man老人 (2)人生的七期 babyinfantchildyouthmanhoodmiddle ageold age 嬰兒/0幼兒7兒童12青年28壯年40中年65老年agree 同意。常用桔構(gòu)：(1)agree on 對取得一致意見或達(dá)成協(xié)議,一般表示原雙方共同商討以后達(dá)成協(xié)議的名詞)。主語必須是兩者以上。也常用被動語態(tài)，表示（某事）是大家都同意的。 如： They ag

21、reed on the date for the next meeting.對下次會議的日期他們達(dá)成了一致意見。At last,the plan was agreed on. 最后，這項計劃通過了。I dont agree with you to this arrangement, but perhaps, after a discussion we will agree on this project.我不贊同你在這件事的安排，但或許在協(xié)商之后我們可以就這個工程達(dá)成共識。(2)agree to 同意；贊成。to 為介詞，后接表示建議；辦法；計劃等名詞。Do you agree to my p

22、lan?你同意我的計劃嗎？The headmaster has agreed to our suggestion for the holiday.校長同意了我們度假的建議。(3)agree with同意；贊成。后接sb. 或what 從句。I agree with you ,but I dont agree with what he said.我同意你的意見，但我不同意他所說的。另外，agree with還有與相適應(yīng)/相一致的意思。The climate here doesnt agree with me .我不適應(yīng)這里的氣候。(4)agree to do sth.同意、答應(yīng)做某事。Do yo

23、u agree to go with us if we agree to lend you some money?如果我們答應(yīng)借錢給你，你同意和我們一起去嗎？ahead短語歸納go ahead朝前走，請便（同意對方繼續(xù)干或同意對方的請求）；go ahead (on)with 繼續(xù)；ahead of在前面，早于，優(yōu)先；ahead of time提前應(yīng)用完成句子他朝前走去看看發(fā)生了什么事情。He _ _ to see what had happened.我可以坐這個座位嗎？請坐吧。May I take this seat?_ _.湯姆的數(shù)學(xué)比瑪麗好。Tom is _ _ Mary in maths

24、.她比我早到2個小時。She arrived two hours _ _me.他們已提前三周完成了設(shè)計。They have completed the design _ _ _ _time.Key:went,ahead Go,ahead/ ahead,ofthree,weeks,ahead,ofalive,living,live,lively,lovely區(qū)別1)lovely意可愛的，美好的如：a lovely day 美好的一天 a lovely girl 可愛的女孩2)alive 意為活著的、有活力的,是表語形容詞，可修飾人、物； 在句中做表語賓補和或后置定詞，不能用作前置定語。如He w

25、as alive when he was taken to the hospital.他被送往醫(yī)院時還活著。Although he is old, he is still very much alive.雖然年老了，但他仍十分活躍。The fish is still alive/living.那條魚還活著。Keep him alive, please.請讓他活下去吧。He is the only man alive in the accident.他是事故中惟一活著的人。After the war , he remained alive .戰(zhàn)后他還活著。Those alive will gat

26、her here. 活著的人將在此相聚。3)living 意為活著的、有生命的，主要用于作前置定語及冠詞the 之后表示一類人，也可用作表語，可修飾人或物。如：a living plant 活的植物The living will go on with the work of the dead.活著的人將繼續(xù)死者的工作。all living things所有生物 the living 在世者，活著的人們Latin is not a living language. 拉丁語不是現(xiàn)代使用的語言。He is still living at the age of 95.95歲了他還活著。4)live l

27、aiv（1）（動、植物）活的，有生命的，活生生的，主要用來說鳥或其它動物，作前置定語；如：a live fish一條活魚 a live tiger 一只活老虎(2)實況的，現(xiàn)場直播的；如：a live report現(xiàn)場報道a live show/broadcast/TV program現(xiàn)場轉(zhuǎn)播的表演/實況廣播/現(xiàn)場直播的電視節(jié)目living有精神的，活潑的，快活的，輕快的Her grandfather is still living at the age of 93.她爺爺已經(jīng)93歲了，仍然健在。5)lively 意為活潑的，有生氣的, 生動的 生動的，可用作表語、定語，指人或物。如：a li

28、vely child 活潑的孩子a lively discription 生動的描述如：a lively mind 活躍的頭腦 a lively discussion 熱烈的討論a way of making ones classes lively 使課堂生動的方法He told a lively story about his life in Africa. 他講述了一個有關(guān)他的非洲生活的一個生動故事。 Young children are usually lively. 年輕人通常很活潑。all the same adj.都一樣；無所謂（to+n.） You can stay or lea

29、ve now;Its all the same to me.Its all the same to me whether well go there today or tomorrow.adv.仍然，還是Thank you all the same.all the year round 全年，一年到頭In the west coast of Canada,it rains all the year round.allow與permit 1)用法相同allow / permit sb .to do sth .允許某人做某事allow / permit doing sth . 允許做某事。此時動詞

30、只用ing 形式。反義詞forbid 具有同樣用法。2)意義有異同許多情況下可換用，只是詞意的強弱上有差異。allow語意較弱，含有聽任，默許，不加阻止的意思；permit 語意較強，強調(diào)正式認(rèn)可，批準(zhǔn)的意思。如：The nurse allowed him to remain there ,though it was not permitted.護士讓他留在那里，雖然這時（規(guī)定）不允許的。amaze vt.使驚奇 = astonish, surprise The news amazed us greatly.這條消息使我們感到很驚奇。 拓展：（1）amazed人對感到吃驚的；amazing（某

31、物）信人吃驚的。 They were all amazed at the amazing news. 聽到這個令人吃驚的消息他們感到驚訝。 (2)amazement n. to ones amazement令人吃驚的是 To my amazement, they have gone to Xishuangbanna. 讓我奇怪的是，他們?nèi)ノ麟p版納了。 類似短語：to ones happiness/excitement/sadness/puzzlement 使某人高興的/興奮的/傷心的/迷惑的是and so on : etc 等等。用來表示列舉，但又不一一列出。He knows five for

32、eign languages, English, French, Japanese and so on.他懂5種外語，如英語、法語、日語等等。announce, explain, introduce, declare后面不接雙賓語，若以人作賓語常置于to后。如：The president announced to the workers the sad news.The president announced the sad news to the workers.總裁向工人宣布了那不幸的消息。He introduced the new comer to everyone here.他把新來的

33、那個人介紹給這里的每個人。report to sb.向某人匯報：report sth/sb.to sb.向某人匯報/告訴。應(yīng)用單句改錯The teacher explained his students how to use the computer.No one declared us we could not smoke here.Key:explain后加to declare后加toanother day/the other day/some day/one dayanother day 可表示近期將來的某一天，意為改天，也可表示過去將來某一動作或狀態(tài)延續(xù)的又一天。如:She is co

34、ming another day instead of today. 她今天不來，改天來。You may do it another day.你可以改天做這件事。He stayed there (for) another day/another two days after I lift.我離開后他在那又待了一天/兩天。the other day 相當(dāng)于a few days ago,意為幾天前、某天、那天、不久前，句中用一般過去時。如：I met her in the street the other day.幾天前我在街上碰見過她。I bought the watch the other d

35、ay.這手表我是幾天前買的。some day指將來總有一天、有朝一日、終將、（日后）某一天，謂語動詞用一般將來時.如:Your wishes will come true some day.總有一天你的愿望會實現(xiàn)的。Some day youll have to pay for what you have done.總有一天你要為你的行為而付出代價的。one day可以表示（過去）某一天，謂語動詞常用一般過去式；也可表示（將來）某一天，這時可與some day互相代替，謂語常用一般將來時。如：One day I went to see my first teacher ,but he happe

36、ned to be out.有一天，我去看我的啟蒙老師，可碰巧他出去了。He will understand the teacher one day/some day.將來有一天，他會理解老師的。anxious, eager兩個詞均有渴望，急于之意。anxious 著重指焦急、著急或擔(dān)心；而eager著重指對成功的期望或進取的熱情。兩者都多用作表語，其主語通常是人，不能以無生命的事物作主語。對比：He is eager to join the army.他渴望參軍。He is anxious to know whether he has been chosen.他急于知道是否被選上了。常用搭配

37、：be anxious to do sth.渴望急切地做某事；be anxious for渴望（了解、得到）；be anxious about擔(dān)心，對感到不安be eager to do sth.急切地想做某事；be eager for (about, after)渴望，渴求，be eager for your help渴望得到你的幫助；be eager about peace渴望和平學(xué)生們都急切地想知道考試結(jié)果。The students _ _ _ _ the results ofthe examination.那個小男孩渴望得到一臺新錄音機。The little boy was _ _a

38、new recorder. 我很擔(dān)心我兒子的健康。Im _ _my sons health.他殷切希望女兒的成功。He is _ _ his daughters success.Key:are, anxious(eager),to ,knowanxious(eager)，foranxious, abouteager, for(about, after)apologize for doing sth.apologize是不及物動詞，意為道歉，其表達(dá)式為apologize to sb.for sth.。如：You must apologize to your sister for being so

39、 rude.它的名詞形式是apology, 復(fù)數(shù)形式是apologizes.make ones apologies to sb. for sth.= make an apology to sb. for sth.如：He make his apologies to me for coming late.appearAs a result, it appered to scientists on earth that the stars had moved.因此，地球上的科學(xué)家看來，恒星好像是移動了。句型：It appears/seems(to sb.) +that-clause.看來/似乎是I

40、t appears to me that something is wrong.我看好像有點不大對頭。It appears that he will the prize.看來他會得笑。appear;seem;lookappear, seem, look都有看起來似之意，但其暗含意思和用法又各有不同。從意義上講：(1)appear強調(diào)外表給人的印象，有時含實質(zhì)上并非如此的意思，如：He appears to know more than he really does。他看起來好像懂得很多。（其實懂得沒有那么多）(2)seem暗示有一定根據(jù)的判斷，這種判斷往往接近事實，如：His health s

41、eems to be better.他的健康狀況似乎有所好轉(zhuǎn)。(3)look著重由視覺得出的印象，如：He doesnt look his age.他看起來比實際年齡年輕（或老成）。從用法上講：seem和appear后可加(to + be)+表語(adj.或n.或prep.)+to v.It + +(that)從句如：He seems/appears（to be）very sad today.=It seems that he is very sad today.It seems like years since I saw you last time.He seems a kind doct

42、or.（=It seems that he is a kind doctor.）He seems/appears to have caught a cold.=It seems/appears that he has caught a cold.look當(dāng)看起來似乎和as if從句。如：He looks strong.She looks like her mother.It looks as if we are going to miss the train.講時，可接形容詞、過去分詞、名詞、介詞短語area; district（1）area表示地區(qū)、區(qū)域，是普通用詞，暗示一個較大的，可能是沒

43、有清楚界限的地區(qū)，不能用來指行政上的地理單位。如：The old man lives in a mountain area.這位老人生活在山東。This is a less developed area.這是個欠發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)。Most of the large land areas are connected.多數(shù)大塊陸地是相連的。（2）district表示區(qū)、地區(qū)、區(qū)域，指為行政管理或選舉之目的所分的區(qū)。在同一城市，各種性質(zhì)不同的區(qū)域也叫district。如：Where is the District of Columbia?哥倫比亞特區(qū)在什么地方？The old man used to wor

44、k in the jin-Cha-Ji Military District.那位老人曾經(jīng)在晉察冀軍區(qū)工作。The northeast part of the city is the residential district.這城市的東北部是住宅區(qū)。Armtakein ones arms該結(jié)構(gòu)意為擁抱。如：He went into classroom, taking some books in his arms.As a child.:As/When he was a child，小的時候，該句型中的as為連詞，意為在的時候，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。當(dāng)從句與主句主語一致，且從句謂語為be時，可將從句主

45、語及be省略。Even as(he was)a student,Professor Smith showed great interest in maths.甚至上學(xué)的時候，史密斯教授對數(shù)學(xué)就很感興趣。As(he was)a boy,he liked playing table tennis with the grown-ups.小時候，他就喜歡和大人們打乒乓球。as a result 作為結(jié)果，結(jié)果（發(fā)生某情況），可置于句首，也可置于句末She got up very early. As a result, she was able to catch the early bus. 她起得很早

46、，因此她趕上了早班車。 He has won the game. He is in high spirits as a result. 他贏了比賽，所以他精神高昂。He runs every day .As a result , he has lost weight .他每天跑步，結(jié)果他減肥了。as a result of 作為的結(jié)果，as a result of的結(jié)果是As a result of exercise , he has built up his health. The flight was delayed as a result of typhoon.該次班機因臺風(fēng)而延誤res

47、ult in = lead to 導(dǎo)致，造成結(jié)果，如：Hard work results in success.努力終歸成功。(= Success results from hard work.成功來自努力)Hard work results in success. 勤奮才會成功。result from 由產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果，如：Success results from hard work. 成功來自勤奮。His illness resulted from overwork. 他的病起因于操勞過渡。asasas many as 和一樣多/多達(dá)；as much as 和一樣多/多達(dá)（注意：many指可數(shù)

48、的量，much 指不可數(shù)詞的量）；as high as 和一樣高/高達(dá)；as thick as 和一樣厚/厚達(dá)；as long as 一樣長/長達(dá);as deep as 一樣深/深達(dá)；as early as 一樣早/早在時候，如：We have as many books as they.我們的書和他們的一樣多。/The great fire burned down as many as twenty buildings.大火燒毀的大樓多達(dá)20座。應(yīng)用漢譯英新橋與舊橋一樣長。/這種魚可長到長達(dá)15英尺。這座山和遠(yuǎn)處的另一座一樣高。/這座山高達(dá)4000米。Key:The new bridge i

49、s as long as the old one./The kind of fish can grow as long as 15 feet.This mountain is as high as another one in the distance./This mountain is as high as 4,000 metres.asas possible:asas one can盡可能地.Ill come back as soon as possible.我盡可能地Get up as early as possible tomorrow morning. 明天早晨盡量早起。as.as.

50、用法小結(jié)（1）.as+形容詞（副詞）原級+as.;not as/so+形容詞（副詞）原級+as.Their factory is as large as ours.他們的工廠和我們的一樣大。I study as hard as you.我和你一樣用功學(xué)習(xí)。He doesnt get up as/ so early as his parents.他不像他父母那樣早起床。（2）倍數(shù) + as + 形容詞（副詞）原級+as.Line AB is 3 times as long as Line CD.=Line AB is twice longer than/3 times the length of

51、 Line CD.線段AB是線段CD長的3倍。（3）as + 形容詞 + a/an + 單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 + as; as + 形容詞+復(fù)數(shù)名詞 + asShe is as good many records as possible.我們需要盡量多的唱片。There is as much sugar in it as eight pieces of sugar.其中的含糖量相當(dāng)于八塊方糖。I havet got as much money as I thought.我沒有原來想象的那么多錢。（5）as much/ many as多達(dá)，那么多On Sports Day, during the rel

52、ay race, you will use most of all, perhaps as much as 650 calories an hour.在運動會上，進行接力賽跑時，你消耗的能量最多，可能每小時多達(dá)650卡。As many as 700 different languages are spoken in Africa.非洲有多達(dá)700種不同的語言。He didnt catch as many as hed hoped.他沒有捉住預(yù)想的那么多。（6）as.as possible; as. as one can The teacher should write the words on the blackboard as carefully as he can. =The teacher should write the words on the blackboard as carefully as possible.老師在黑板上應(yīng)盡可能仔細(xì)地把字寫好。Please be as friendly as possible to your friends.=Please be as friendly as you can.請對你的朋友盡可能友好。（7）as.as + 年代數(shù)字/名詞As early as 1950 I knew him.早在