情緒加工的腦時(shí)空動(dòng)態(tài)機(jī)制ppt課件

1、心情加工的腦時(shí)空動(dòng)態(tài)機(jī)制Spatiotemporal Dynamics for Emotional Processing美國圣路易斯大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院神經(jīng)手術(shù)系腦磁研討中心;羅倩美國國家衛(wèi)生研討院心思安康研討所;彭聃齡 北京師范大學(xué)認(rèn)知神經(jīng)科學(xué)與學(xué)習(xí)國家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;劉宏艷關(guān)鍵詞 emotion; 心情心情 brain; 大腦大腦 fMRI; 功能磁共振成像功能磁共振成像 MEG; 腦磁圖技術(shù)腦磁圖技術(shù) spatial; 空間空間 temporal 時(shí)間時(shí)間研討內(nèi)容 Showing the neural basis for emotional processing at the subliminal l

2、evel. 閾下心情加工閾下心情加工(相對于閾上程度相對于閾上程度)的神經(jīng)機(jī)制的神經(jīng)機(jī)制 Spatiotemporal dynamics and func-tional connectivity between regions involved in emotional processing. 參與心情加工的腦區(qū)之間的動(dòng)態(tài)時(shí)空關(guān)系參與心情加工的腦區(qū)之間的動(dòng)態(tài)時(shí)空關(guān)系及功能結(jié)合及功能結(jié)合 The interaction between emotion and attention. 心情與留意之間的交互作用心情與留意之間的交互作用閾上程度與閾下程度下的心情加工 Can emotional stim

3、uli receive biased processing and this could occur even subliminally？ 心情刺激能否可以接受偏見加工以及這能心情刺激能否可以接受偏見加工以及這能否會(huì)在閾下程度發(fā)生？否會(huì)在閾下程度發(fā)生？閾上程度與閾下程度下的心情加工 A region sensitive to emotional mani-pulation of the subliminal repetition priming effect, the left fusiform gyrus 左梭狀回左梭狀回,對閾下反復(fù)啟動(dòng)效應(yīng)的情感支配對閾下反復(fù)啟動(dòng)效應(yīng)的情感支配敏感。敏感。

4、 The involvement of the left fusiform gyrus in automatic affective priming effect 左側(cè)梭形回參與了自動(dòng)化心情啟動(dòng)效應(yīng)左側(cè)梭形回參與了自動(dòng)化心情啟動(dòng)效應(yīng)閾上程度與閾下程度下的心情加工 Both fMRI and MEG studies shown that even when presented at the subliminal level and unattended, emotional stimuli as distracters to targets are still pro-cessed in the

5、 brain (e.g. amygdala and visual cortex). 功能性磁振和腦磁圖的方法闡明功能性磁振和腦磁圖的方法闡明,當(dāng)呈現(xiàn)閾當(dāng)呈現(xiàn)閾下程度刺激且未被留意到時(shí)下程度刺激且未被留意到時(shí),作為目的感受作為目的感受的情感刺激依然在大腦中得以加工例如的情感刺激依然在大腦中得以加工例如杏仁核和視覺皮質(zhì)杏仁核和視覺皮質(zhì)閾上程度與閾下程度下的心情加工 These studies demonstrated the neural basis for emotional processing at both sub- and supra-luminal level. 心情加工的神經(jīng)根底同時(shí)

6、存在于閾上和閾心情加工的神經(jīng)根底同時(shí)存在于閾上和閾下兩個(gè)程度。下兩個(gè)程度。 Amygdala and visual cortex are acti-vated even when emotional stimuli are unseen 杏仁核、視覺皮層即使在心情刺激不可見杏仁核、視覺皮層即使在心情刺激不可見的情況下也能被激活的情況下也能被激活心情加工的腦時(shí)空動(dòng)態(tài)機(jī)制 The amygdala is thought to be crucially involved in fast detection of environ-mental threat. 杏仁核被以為是對于環(huán)境要挾的快速偵測杏仁核

7、被以為是對于環(huán)境要挾的快速偵測的至關(guān)重要的部位。的至關(guān)重要的部位。 Dual-route hypothesis by LeDoux(2019) 雙通道假說雙通道假說心情加工的腦時(shí)空動(dòng)態(tài)機(jī)制 It is proposed that the amygdala re-ceives information on potential threats by two parallel routes: a crude but fast subcortical route thalamusamygdala) and a slower route allowing cortical analysis (thala

8、mussensory cortex amygdala) (LeDoux, 2019) 杏仁核接納潛在要挾的信息有兩條平行通杏仁核接納潛在要挾的信息有兩條平行通路：一條是粗糙但是快速的皮質(zhì)下通路路：一條是粗糙但是快速的皮質(zhì)下通路丘腦丘腦-杏仁核通路，另一條是允許皮質(zhì)杏仁核通路，另一條是允許皮質(zhì)分析的慢通路丘腦分析的慢通路丘腦-覺得皮層覺得皮層-杏仁核通路杏仁核通路心情加工的腦時(shí)空動(dòng)態(tài)機(jī)制 SAM，Synthetic Aperture Magneto-metry合成光圈磁強(qiáng)：合成光圈磁強(qiáng)：MEG的源模型的源模型分析方法分析方法 A spatial filtering technique based

9、 on the nonlinear constrained minimum-variance beamformer. 合成光圈磁強(qiáng)是一種空間濾波技術(shù)合成光圈磁強(qiáng)是一種空間濾波技術(shù),即基于即基于最小方差的非線性約束的波束構(gòu)成器最小方差的非線性約束的波束構(gòu)成器實(shí)驗(yàn) Stimuli:fearful, angry or neutral expressions presented for 300ms followed by a 200ms blank screen. 所用刺激分為恐懼、生氣和中性的表情，所用刺激分為恐懼、生氣和中性的表情，呈現(xiàn)呈現(xiàn)300毫秒，緊隨其后呈現(xiàn)一個(gè)毫秒，緊隨其后呈現(xiàn)一個(gè)200毫

10、秒毫秒的空白屏幕。的空白屏幕。 A sliding window SAM analysis enabled us to obtain a spatio-temporal features starting from 150 ms before the stimulus to 500 ms after the stimulus. 我們能獲得一個(gè)從刺激前我們能獲得一個(gè)從刺激前150毫秒開場到刺毫秒開場到刺激后激后500毫秒終了的時(shí)空特征毫秒終了的時(shí)空特征實(shí)驗(yàn) Early event-related synchronizations (ERS) in response to fearful face

11、s Hypothalamus/thalamus area (1020 ms) the amygdala (2030 ms). The ERS response seen to fearful faces in visual cortex (4050 ms) To an angry expressions the ERS response in the amygdala to angry expressions had a late onset (150160 ms)心情和留意力的交互 Is emotional processing dependent or independent of att

12、entional control? 心情加工是依賴還是獨(dú)立于留意力控制的心情加工是依賴還是獨(dú)立于留意力控制的呢呢? In Luo (2019, PhD dissertation), using fMRI, I modulated the attentional emand of the task and demonstrated how emo-tional processing although automatic, can also be modulated by attention. 心情加工雖然處于自動(dòng)化程度心情加工雖然處于自動(dòng)化程度,但其同時(shí)也但其同時(shí)也遭到留意力的調(diào)制。遭到留意力的

13、調(diào)制。實(shí)驗(yàn) Magnoencephalography and an advanced beamformer source locali-zation technique and the sliding window analysis are ideal for this purpose. 美國國家衛(wèi)生研討所進(jìn)展了一次腦磁圖實(shí)美國國家衛(wèi)生研討所進(jìn)展了一次腦磁圖實(shí)驗(yàn)。運(yùn)用到了腦磁圖和高級波束構(gòu)成源定驗(yàn)。運(yùn)用到了腦磁圖和高級波束構(gòu)成源定位技術(shù)以及滑動(dòng)窗口分析。位技術(shù)以及滑動(dòng)窗口分析。實(shí)驗(yàn) This paradigm involved a 2 (task load: high, low) 2 (dis

14、tracter: fearful, neutral) design. Each trial involved the participant responding to a stimulus array containing a face (fearful or neutral) 此實(shí)驗(yàn)為一個(gè)此實(shí)驗(yàn)為一個(gè)2義務(wù)難度：高難度、低難義務(wù)難度：高難度、低難度度2干擾項(xiàng)：可怕的、中性的實(shí)驗(yàn)干擾項(xiàng)：可怕的、中性的實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)，每一組實(shí)驗(yàn)中都包括了參與者對外設(shè)計(jì)，每一組實(shí)驗(yàn)中都包括了參與者對外界刺激組其中包含一張恐懼或中性的面界刺激組其中包含一張恐懼或中性的面孔的反響孔的反響心情和留意力的交互 Amygdal

15、a automaticity was a function of time. Early amygdala responding to emotional stimuli (40 140ms) was unaffected by attentional load, later amygdala response (280410 ms), subsequent to frontoparietal cortex activity, was modulated by attentional load.心情和留意力的交互 The early amygdala response to emo-tiona

16、l distracters may be automatic. 早期的杏仁核對心情干擾項(xiàng)的反響是可以早期的杏仁核對心情干擾項(xiàng)的反響是可以自動(dòng)化的自動(dòng)化的 the reduced time for frontoparietal cortex to augment the representational strength of task-relevant stimuli. 額頂葉皮質(zhì)減少時(shí)間來加強(qiáng)事件相關(guān)刺激額頂葉皮質(zhì)減少時(shí)間來加強(qiáng)事件相關(guān)刺激的籠統(tǒng)表現(xiàn)力的籠統(tǒng)表現(xiàn)力心情和留意力的交互 In contrast,later amygdale response is modulated by task load because frontoparietal cortex has had sufficient time to augment the representation of task-relevant information. 相比之下，后期杏仁孔反響遭到義務(wù)難度相比之下，后期杏仁孔反響遭到義務(wù)難度的調(diào)理，由于