英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析及練習(xí)題(共5頁)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析句子成分：主語、謂語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語、補(bǔ)語等。主要成分：主語和謂語1、 主語一個句子中需要加以說明或描述的對象。主語的位置：一般位于句首，由名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞或相當(dāng)于名詞的詞、短語等充當(dāng)。The school is far from here. 名詞做主語She goes to school by bike. 代詞做主語Eight is a lucky number. 數(shù)詞做主語The blind need more help. 名詞化的形容詞做主語There is a pen on the desk. 名詞做主語Predicting the fut

2、ure is interesting. 動名詞做主語To be a doctor is my dream. 不定式短語做主語若不定式短語作主語常用it作形式主語，而把真正的主語(不定式短語)放在句后。It takes me an hour to get there.2、謂語表示人或事物(主語)的動作和存在的狀態(tài).英語中由動詞be、動詞have和行為動詞來充當(dāng)謂語動詞句子的時態(tài)和語態(tài)是通過謂語表現(xiàn)出來。謂語動詞往往由一個或一個以上的助動詞或情態(tài)動詞加上主要動詞構(gòu)成。分析下列句子的主語和謂語Mr. Li teaches English.He can play the piano.My parent

3、s and I are having dinner.He studies very hard.She likes speaking.I can swim in the river.We dont like math.He doesnt watch TV.3、表語用來說明主語的身份、特征、性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)。一般由名詞或者形容詞擔(dān)任。表語的位置：用在動詞be和系動詞的后面。凡是系動詞(be 動詞,感官動詞等)出現(xiàn)的地方，后面必定帶著表語名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、介詞短語、副詞等都可以和連系動詞一起構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語。Your pen is on the desk.I am a student.My teacher i

4、s very handsome.Your pen is red.I feel good.He got very angry.My dream is to have a robot.常見的系動詞1. be動詞2. 與感覺有關(guān)的動詞 look, sound, smell, taste, feel 等3. 表示狀態(tài)變化的動詞，意為“變得” “變成” 如 get, grow, turn等上述兩類詞作連系動詞時要用形容詞作表語,千萬不能用副詞。4、賓語是動作的對象或承受者。及物動詞必須跟賓語.及物動詞:直接接賓語的謂語動詞.不及物動詞:不能直接帶賓語的謂語動詞.賓語可由名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、動名詞、

5、從句構(gòu)成.I saw a plane in the sky just now. 名詞做賓語I want three. 數(shù)詞做賓語I like going shopping. 動名詞做賓語We think predicting the future is hard. 賓語從句5.定語：用來修飾或者限制名詞的成分，常用形容詞或者相當(dāng)于形容詞的短語或者從句擔(dān)任，形容詞放在名詞前面。相當(dāng)于形容詞的短語或者從句放在名詞后面。He is a clever boyThis is an apple treeThere are ten students in our classShe is Toms siste

6、rHe bought some sleeping pillsThe girl in red is his sisterWe have a lot of work to do The girl standing under the tree is his daughter6.狀語：用來說明動詞，形容詞，副詞或者整個句子的成分。常由副詞擔(dān)任。修飾動詞可放動詞前，也可放在動詞后；修飾形容詞或者副詞時放在他們前面。動詞的八個狀態(tài)：時間，地點(diǎn)，原因，狀態(tài)，目的，結(jié)果，方式，程度The students study hardI often write to himHe wrote with a red p

7、encilHe went to see a film The students went away laughingIll write to you as soon as I get there .7.補(bǔ)語：表示補(bǔ)充說明，總是跟著賓語跑I found a book lying on the floor.Do you smell something burning?She asked me to go with her.簡單句的5種基本結(jié)構(gòu)通過一個愛情故事掌握5種簡單句。1， 主語+謂語：She comes.2， 主語+系動詞+表語 She is lovely.3， 主語+謂語+賓語 I lov

8、e her.4， 主語+謂語+間賓+直賓 I gave her a rose.5， 主語+謂語+賓語+賓補(bǔ) I made her happy.劃分句子成分練習(xí)題（1）1. They are working on the farm now.3. All of us like Kobe Bryant very much4. She became a doctor in 19985. The books lying on the floor are mine6. Suddenly it begins to rain7. To catch the train , I got up early yest

9、erday8. I always find her happy9. He wonders If I still study English11. We always work hard at English.12. He said he didn't come.13.They love each other.14.What did you bye?15.She watched her daughter playing the piano.16.your job today is to help the old.17.Speaking doesn't mean doing.18.

10、Bye the time I got to the station,the train had left.19.The children bought their parents a car for the 25th anniversary of their marriage.20.It takes me an hour to get there.挑出下列句中的賓語 My brother hasn't done his homework.A B C D People all over the world&#

11、160;speak English. A B C D You must pay good attention to your pronunciation. A B C D How many new words did you learn last class? A B C D Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you? A B C D The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill. A B C D They made him monitor of the class.A B C D Go across the bridge and you will find the museum on the left. A B C D You