口譯lesson-1

1、第一單元 口譯理解第一課 聽取信息I. Theory and Technique: Receiving InformationII. Technique Training  1.1 三種錯誤的飯后習(xí)慣  1.2 Why do we have eyebrows?III. Interpreting Exercise  1.3 US Vice Presidents speech at Fudan University  1.4 王光亞在普林斯頓大學(xué)演講的開場白  1.5 Speech at inauguration of new facilityIV

2、. Interpretation-related culture: etiquetteV. Everyday Accumulation: ClichéPart one. Receiving InformationA. Difference between normal listening comprehension practice and the listening comprehension in interpretationThe most basic difference is that in the normal listening comprehension practi

3、ce, a listener is only asked to understand what he hears and make judgment, while in the interpreting environment, an interpreter is asked not only to understand but also to make logical analysis of what he hears and reorganize the information with his own words and express it through interpretation

4、.口譯時譯員要兼做編輯。這是什么意思呢?就是說譯員在聽清并理解了講話人話后，要能夠判斷出哪些是他真正要講的話，哪些是沒用、重復(fù)羅嗦的廢話，從而對其進行編輯處理。那么，這樣做是否有悖于翻譯忠實原則呢?否。因為，口語自有口語特點。講話人在即席發(fā)言時，腦子里往往只有一個中心思想，但是具體表達和選詞造句卻是想到哪兒說到哪兒。就是說，口語不可能像書面語那樣嚴謹，其中必然有一些重復(fù)、羅嗦廢話。甚至有的講話人本來就不善言辭，經(jīng)常會說出一些不完整、不知所云的話。這種情況中國人有，外國人也有。這時，譯員就要善于綜合，要在不遺漏講話基本內(nèi)容前提下，敢于刪掉那些廢話，使譯出的話語條理清楚。只有這樣才能真正忠于講話人

5、精神實質(zhì)。否則一味追求逐字逐句照譯，反而會給人零亂、不忠感覺。 B. Technique Traininga. Summarizing practice: After listening to a text (either in SL or TL), students are asked to summarize what he or she hears in the same language of the source text, which means if a student listens to a Chinese text, he is asked to do the s

6、ummary in Chinese, and if it is in English, do it in English, so there is no listening barriers for Ss.   Tips for SP:  1) catch the logical structure of the source text: title of the text; topic sentence; narrating structure: time, direction, logical reasoning, etc; style of the

7、 text: narrative, illustrative, explanation, argument, story, etc.  2）get the trunk message (major idea)  3) be coherent (前后保持連貫一致)Sample practice one:三種錯誤的飯后習(xí)慣(Three mistaken after-meal habits )Practice pattern:1) Ask Ss to just listen to the audio material without referring to the writte

8、n text and summarize. Purpose: to help them form the awareness of being an interpreter, to establish the direct transition from oral to oral, however, note-taking is encouraged in this technique training. After listening to the audio material for one time, get volunteers to do the summarization.2)As

9、k Ss to listen for the second time with their books open and give their written summarization. Assign them homework: Translate the teachers summarization into English and upload their translation to the teachers blog, later on, compare their translation with the teachers in the blog. Blog Addre

10、ss: http:/blog. First question: What are they? (one, two, three)Second question: Why are they wrong? What is the right thing to do?( respective reasons and advice)錯誤習(xí)慣一：飯后吃水果S: 許多人多喜歡飯后吃點水果爽口，但醫(yī)生提醒說，這其實是一種錯誤的習(xí)慣，因為飯后馬上吃水果會影響消化。如果人們長期堅持這種生活習(xí)慣，將會導(dǎo)致消化功能紊亂。因此，人們最好在飯后一到兩個小時再吃水果。錯誤習(xí)慣二：飯后飲茶S: 醫(yī)生還提醒說，人們還要注意改

11、正飯后飲茶和飯后散步的錯誤習(xí)慣。飯后立即飲茶，茶水會沖淡胃液（gastric juice, stomach juice, digestive juice），影響胃內(nèi)食物的正常消化。醫(yī)生建議，最好在進食一小時之后再飲用茶水，這樣有助于消化。錯誤習(xí)慣三：飯后散步S：“飯后百步走活到九十九”，這種說法是不科學(xué)的。人的胃的飯后處于充盈的狀態(tài)，即使是非常輕微的運動也會使胃受到震動，從而增加腸胃的負擔(dān)，影響消化功能。醫(yī)生建議，最好在飯后三十分鐘再散步。Three mistaken after-meal habitsMany people like to eat some fruits right afte

12、r a meal, however, doctors remind that it is actually a mistaken habit, for it (eating fruits right after a meal) will affect digestion. If one sticks to such a habit, it will bring about disorder of his digesting system. Thus, it is suggested that one eats fruits one or two hours after a meal.Docto

13、rs also remind that the habits of having tea and going for a walk right after a meal are wrong and should be corrected.If one drinks tea right after a meal, the tea water will dilute the gastric juice and affect the normal digestion of the food in stomach. Doctors suggest that one takes tea one hour

14、 after a meal.The common saying that “If one takes a walk (of 100 steps) after a meal, he is most likely to enjoy a long life (of 99 years)” is unscientific. Ones stomach is fully-loaded with food after a meal, thus even the slightest physical movements will shake the stomach and increase its burden

15、, affecting its digesting function. Doctors suggest that one go for a walk half an hour after a meal.   Sample Practice two:  Why do we have eyebrows?  Question 1: What roles do our eyebrows play?  Question 2: How eyebrows help protect our eyes?  Our eye brows play a ve

16、ry important role in keeping moisture out of our eyes. By diverting the flow of water or sweat away from our eyes, they keep our eyes dry from rain or sweat. Our eye brows are arch-shaped, which helps angle the rain or sweat around to the sides of our faces, leaving our eyes fairly dry. By catching

17、the water or sweat, our eyebrows not only allow us to see more clearly but also keep the salt in the sweat from burning or irritating our eyes.  Eyebrows have other roles also. For example, eyebrows help us determine (tell) how people are feeling without having to ask them, for eyebrows are one

18、 of the most expressive facial features. If somebodys eyebrows are drawn in a frown, he is most likely angry or upset.  Besides, eyebrows have been having an increasing impact on our concept of beauty or fashion. Big, thick and hairy eyebrows tend to be considered unattractive, while thin, pluc

19、ked eyebrows are said to be more beautiful.   我們的眉毛對于保護我們的眼睛使其免受水汽的侵擾起著非常重要的作用。通過引流我們臉上的雨水或汗水，眉毛可以防止雨水或汗水進入我們的眼睛，從而使其保持干爽。我們的眉毛呈拱形，這有助于其將雨水或汗水引流至臉部的側(cè)面，從而使眼睛保持干爽。通過阻流雨水或汗水，我們的眉毛不僅可以讓我們看得更清楚，還可以使眼睛免受汗水中鹽分的灼燒或刺痛。  眉毛還有其他一些作用。比如，我們可以通過眉毛直接判斷一個人的心情，而不用去問他。當(dāng)一個人的眉頭緊鎖時，十有八九他是不開心的或不安的。  此

20、外，現(xiàn)如今眉毛對我們的審美觀念的影響力也是與日俱增。濃，密、粗的眉毛就被認為是不吸引人的，而薄的經(jīng)過精心拔理的眉毛則更顯迷人。  口譯練習(xí)部分參考譯文：美國副總統(tǒng)切尼2004年在復(fù)旦大學(xué)的演講詞開場白Thank you very much, Mr. Mayor. I appreciate your kind words of introduction. And we are delighted to be here today. My wife and I are privileged to have the opportunity once again to travel

21、 in China./ We are grateful for the welcome we have received, especially for the kind of reception here at Fudan University. We thank you for the honor, and we bring you good wishes from President George W. Bush and the People of the United States./I know that many of you will soon graduate from thi

22、s great university. I am told the standards are extremely demanding here, and a degree from Fudan University signifies years of hard work and discipline./ I congratulate each of you on your achievement, and I commend your teacher for upholding the tradition of excellence that marks the 99-year histo

23、ry of Fudan University.美國副總統(tǒng)切尼2004年在復(fù)旦大學(xué)的演講詞開場白譯文 切尼:非常感謝市長先生，感謝您剛才的美言介紹。今天來到這里，我們非常高興。有幸再次來到貴國訪問，我和我夫人都感到非常高興。感謝貴國對我們的歡迎，尤其是復(fù)旦大學(xué)的款待，謝謝你們給我們的這份榮幸。我們此行帶來了布什總統(tǒng)以及美國人民的良好祝愿。我知道在座很多同學(xué)很快就要從這所偉大的學(xué)府畢業(yè)，我聽說這里的標準嚴格，復(fù)旦大學(xué)的學(xué)位代表著多年勤學(xué)苦練的結(jié)晶，我祝賀在座各位學(xué)生取得的成就，同時，我也非常贊賞你們的老師，是他們將擁有99年歷史的復(fù)旦大學(xué)的優(yōu)良傳統(tǒng)發(fā)揚光大。王光亞在普林斯頓大學(xué)的演講詞開

24、場白譯文女士們、先生們：晚上好。很榮幸應(yīng)邀到普林斯頓大學(xué)參加你們的研討會。對我本人、我的同事及許多中國人來講，普林斯頓大學(xué)的名字早已是耳熟能詳。她的歷史比這個國家還長，從這個校園里走出了美國第28任總統(tǒng)伍德羅·威爾遜、偉大科學(xué)家愛因斯坦、著名詩人T.S.艾略特等眾多杰出人物。正如前總統(tǒng)克林頓先生在1996年普大建校250周年時所說：“在美國歷史上的每一個緊要關(guān)頭，普林斯頓大學(xué)及其師生都發(fā)揮了關(guān)鍵作用?！绷钊烁吲d的是，在座諸位對中國事務(wù)都抱有研究興趣。雖然我們兩國地理上相距萬里，但在日常生活中卻非常相近。好萊塢影片、麥當(dāng)勞快餐成了許多中國人生活中的內(nèi)容。而中國加工的服裝、日用品也天天伴

25、隨著美國人民。我希望通過今天的交流，能增進在座諸位對中國和中國外交政策的了解，為未來彼此的友誼與合作錦上添花。 Ladies and Gentlemen,Good evening.It is an honor for me to be invited to your seminar tonight. For me, for my colleagues and many other Chinese, Princeton has long been a familiar name. With a history longer than the country, it has produced many outst