實驗五 數(shù)碼管顯示

1、實驗五 數(shù)碼管顯示一、 實驗?zāi)康?. 掌握用 verilog HDL的編程方法七段數(shù)碼管顯示;2. 掌握七段數(shù)碼管的使用;3. 掌握對設(shè)計電路進行仿真。二、 實驗設(shè)備1. 安裝 Quartus II軟件的計算機2. SmartEDA 實驗箱三、 實驗內(nèi)容PART I : 數(shù)碼管顯示電路(基礎(chǔ)1. 實驗原理數(shù)字鐘電路的設(shè)計主要包含三個部分:1 秒信號產(chǎn)生; 2 時鐘計數(shù),包括 分和秒的計數(shù); 3 數(shù)碼管的動態(tài)顯示,將分和秒同時用數(shù)碼管顯示出來。 1 秒信號的產(chǎn)生整個數(shù)字鐘的基準(zhǔn)時鐘為核心板上所提供的 48M 晶振時鐘,要將其轉(zhuǎn)化 成為秒時鐘信號,需要對其進行計數(shù)分頻。2 時鐘計數(shù)由秒信號作為計數(shù)

2、時鐘,完成秒和分的計時。應(yīng)分別由兩個 60進制的計 數(shù)器來完成。3 數(shù)碼管的動態(tài)顯示要將分和秒的信息用數(shù)碼管顯示出來。為了完整的顯示信息,至少需要 4根數(shù)碼管。 由于 4 根數(shù)碼管的段碼是復(fù)用 (共用 的, 所以需要對數(shù)碼管進 行動態(tài)管理。 即通過位碼的選擇, 使得在某一時刻將段碼用于某根數(shù)碼管, 另一時刻則將段碼用于另一根數(shù)碼管,經(jīng)過一段時間后再重復(fù)剛才的步 驟。 則只要位碼的切換速度足夠快, 由于人眼的視覺停留效應(yīng), 相關(guān)的數(shù) 碼管在感覺上都是一直處于顯示狀態(tài)。2. 實驗程序a 秒信號的產(chǎn)生always (posedge clk /定義 clock 上升沿觸發(fā)begincount = co

3、unt + 1'b1;if(count = _ /0.5S到了嗎?begincount = 25'd0; /計數(shù)器清零sec = _; /置位秒標(biāo)志endendb 時鐘計數(shù)always (negedge sec /計時處理beginhour3:0 = _; /秒加 1if(hour3:0 = 4'habeginhour3:0 = _;hour7:4 = _; /秒的十位加一if(hour7:4 = _beginhour7:4 = _;hour11:8 = hour11:8 + 1'b1; /分個位加一 if(hour11:8 = _beginhour11:8 =

4、 _;hour15:12 = hour15:12 + 1'b1; /分十位加一 if(hour15:12 = 4 h6hour15:12 =_;endendendendc 數(shù)碼管的動態(tài)顯示/數(shù)碼管動態(tài)掃描顯示部分always (posedge clk /count17:15大約 1ms 改變一次 begincase(count17:15 /選擇掃描顯示數(shù)據(jù)3'd0:disp_dat = _; /秒個位3'd1:disp_dat = _; /秒十位3'd2:disp_dat = 4'ha; /顯示 "-"3'd3:disp_da

5、t = _; /分個位3'd4:disp_dat = _; /分十位3'd5:disp_dat = 4'ha; /顯示 "-"3'd6:disp_dat = 8 h00; /時個位,本次實驗不計小時 3'd7:disp_dat = 8 h00; /時十位,本次實驗不計小時 endcasecase(count17:15 /選擇數(shù)碼管顯示位3'd0:dig_r = _; /選擇第一個數(shù)碼管顯示3'd1:dig_r = _; /選擇第二個數(shù)碼管顯示3'd2:dig_r = _; /選擇第三個數(shù)碼管顯示3'd3

6、:dig_r = _; /選擇第四個數(shù)碼管顯示3'd4:dig_r = _; /選擇第五個數(shù)碼管顯示3'd5:dig_r = 8'b11111111; /不顯示3'd6:dig_r = 8'b11111111; /不顯示3'd7:dig_r = 8'b11111111; /不顯示endcaseendalways (posedge clkbegincase(_4'h0:seg_r = 8'hc0; /顯示 04'h1:seg_r = 8'hf9; /顯示 14'h2:seg_r = 8'ha4

7、; /顯示 24'h3:seg_r = 8'hb0; /顯示 34'h4:seg_r = 8'h99; /顯示 44'h5:seg_r = 8'h92; /顯示 54'h6:seg_r = 8'h82; /顯示 64'h7:seg_r = 8'hf8; /顯示 74'h8:seg_r = 8'h80; /顯示 84'h9:seg_r = 8'h90; /顯示 94'ha:seg_r = 8'hbf; /顯示 -default:seg_r = 8'hff; /不

8、顯示endcaseif(count17:15= 3'd2&secseg_r = 8'hff;end3. 實驗步驟a 閱讀上述三部分代碼,并完成空格處的代碼填寫。b 將三部分代碼組織在一起,再添加必要的代碼段,完成完整的程序。c 根據(jù) Quartus II的設(shè)計流程,實現(xiàn)數(shù)字鐘,并觀察現(xiàn)象。PART II : 音樂電路(興趣實驗內(nèi)容:解讀所附代碼,完成音樂演奏電路設(shè)計。/*/ / 友誼地久天長樂曲 / / 時鐘:48MHz / /*/ /音高與頻率的對應(yīng)關(guān)系/-/| | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | /|低音 |261.6Hz |293.7Hz

9、|329.6Hz |349.2Hz | 392Hz | 440Hz |493.9Hz | /|中音 |523.3Hz |587.3Hz |659.3Hz |698.5Hz | 784Hz | 880Hz |987.8Hz | /|高音 |1045.5Hz|1174.7Hz|1318.5Hz|1396.9Hz| 1568Hz | 1760Hz |1975.5Hz| /-module song(clk,beep; /模塊名稱 songinput clk; /系統(tǒng)時鐘 48MHzoutput beep; /蜂鳴器輸出端reg beep_r; /寄存器reg7:0 state; /樂譜狀態(tài)機reg15

10、:0count,count_end;reg23:0count1;/樂譜參數(shù) :D=F/2K (D:參數(shù) ,F:時鐘頻率 ,K:音高頻率 parameter L_5 = 16'd61224, /低音 5L_6 = 16'd54545, /低音 6M_1 = 16'd45863, /中音 1M_2 = 16'd40865, /中音 2M_3 = 16'd36402, /中音 3M_5 = 16'd30612, /中音 5M_6 = 16'd27273, /中音 6H_1 = 16'd22956; /高音 1parameter TIME

11、 = 12000000; /控制每一個音的長短 (250msassign beep = beep_r; /輸出音樂always(posedge clkbegincount <= count + 1'b1; /計數(shù)器加 1if(count = count_endbegincount <= 16'h0; /計數(shù)器清零beep_r <= !beep_r; /輸出取反endendalways (posedge clkbeginif(count1 < TIME /一個節(jié)拍 250mScount1 = count1 + 1'b1;elsebegincount

12、1 = 24'd0;if(state = 8'd147state = 8'd0;elsestate = state + 1'b1;case(state8'd0,8'd1: count_end = L_5;/低音 "5", 持續(xù) 2個節(jié)拍8'd2,8'd3,8'd4,8'd5,8'd6,8'd7,8'd8: count_end = M_1;/中音 "1", 持續(xù) 7個 節(jié)拍8'd9,8'd10: count_end = M_3;/中音 &

13、quot;3", 持續(xù) 2個節(jié)拍8'd11,8'd12,8'd13,8'd14: count_end = M_2;8'd15: count_end = M_1;8'd16,8'd17: count_end = M_2;8'd18,8'd19: count_end = M_3;8'd20,8'd21,8'd22,8'd23,8'd24: count_end = M_1;8'd25,8'd26: count_end = M_3;8'd27,8'd

14、28: count_end = M_5;8'd29,8'd30,8'd31,8'd32,8'd33: count_end = M_6;8'd34,8'd35,8'd36,8'd37,8'd38: count_end = M_6;8'd39,8'd40,8'd41,8'd42: count_end = M_5;8'd43,8'd44,8'd45: count_end = M_3;8'd46,8'd47: count_end = M_1;8'

15、;d48,8'd49,8'd50,8'd51: count_end = M_2;8'd52: count_end = M_1;8'd53,8'd54: count_end = M_2;8'd55,8'd56: count_end = M_3;8'd57,8'd58,8'd59,8'd60: count_end = M_1;8'd61,8'd62,8'd63: count_end = L_6;8'd64,8'd65: count_end = M_5;8'

16、d66,8'd67,8'd68,8'd69: count_end = M_1;8'd70,8'd71,8'd72,8'd73: count_end = M_1;8'd74,8'd75: count_end = M_6;8'd76,8'd77,8'd78,8'd79: count_end = M_5;8'd80,8'd81,8'd82: count_end = M_3;8'd83,8'd84: count_end = M_1;8'd85,8

17、9;d86,8'd87,8'd88: count_end = M_2;8'd89: count_end = M_1;8'd90,8'd91: count_end = M_2;8'd92,8'd93: count_end = M_6;8'd94,8'd95,8'd96,8'd97: count_end = M_5;8'd98,8'd99,8'd100: count_end = M_3;8'd101,8'd102: count_end = M_5;8'd103,8

18、'd104,8'd105,8'd106: count_end = M_6;8'd107,8'd108,8'd109,8'd110: count_end = M_6;8'd111,8'd112: count_end = H_1;8'd113,8'd114,8'd115,8'd116: count_end = M_5;8'd117,8'd118,8'd119: count_end = M_3;8'd120,8'd121: count_end = M_1;8'd122,8'd123,8'd124,8'd125: 8'd126: 8'd127,8'd128: 8'd129,8'd130: 8'd131,8'd132,8'd133,8'd134: 8'd135,8'd136,8'd137: 8'd138,8'd139: 8'd140,8'd141,8'd142,8'd143: 8'd144,8'd145,8'd146