上海中考英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)題沖刺專(zhuān)題四：句型轉(zhuǎn)換

1、.2019年中考英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)題沖刺四-句型轉(zhuǎn)換【題型介紹】題量總共7道，分值14分，每道題2分。句型轉(zhuǎn)換是要求學(xué)生根據(jù)所給的句型，按要求或提示完成考題，考察的是學(xué)生對(duì)句子構(gòu)造的構(gòu)成、變化等方面的知識(shí)以及對(duì)此類(lèi)知識(shí)的運(yùn)用才能。該題型首先給出一個(gè)完好的句子，再給出一個(gè)含有幾個(gè)空白處的句子，根據(jù)不同的要求填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~完成句型轉(zhuǎn)換。句型轉(zhuǎn)換涉及到語(yǔ)法知識(shí)的各個(gè)方面，在做這種題時(shí)，應(yīng)注意時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、人稱(chēng)、數(shù)的變化，特殊疑問(wèn)詞的用法，及助動(dòng)詞的用法等。句型轉(zhuǎn)換考題雖然包括各種句式，但通常以?xún)煞N形式進(jìn)展考察：同義型句型轉(zhuǎn)換和條件型句型轉(zhuǎn)換。【專(zhuān)題精講】一.肯定句否認(rèn)句：?？嫉目键c(diǎn)：have 、do句型提取助動(dòng)詞+

2、 動(dòng)詞原形 ：do/did/does + V原形特例1：如今完成時(shí)have/has been - have/has not been1.He has been there.改否認(rèn)句 He _ _ there. 2.Jake has already downloaded many free games from the App store. 改為否認(rèn)句Jake _ downloaded many free games from the App store _.hasnt been hasnt yet特例2：一般將來(lái)時(shí)will do - wont do1. 13黃浦The charity orga

3、nization will receive some money from the local government next year. 改為否認(rèn)句The charity organization _ receive _ money from the local government next year. wont yet特例3: had better do - had better not do would rather not do二. 反意疑問(wèn)句：常考的考點(diǎn)：帶有否認(rèn)副詞的句子。前肯后否，前否后肯。1.信號(hào)詞never, seldom, hardly, rarely, few/litt

4、le 功能上= not2.注意用代詞 Mr.Smith and his wife 用代詞-theyHer parents seldom went to work, _ _? did they3.注意句子的整體理解13閘北They tried everything they could to improve the situation. 改為反意疑問(wèn)句They tried everything they could to improve the situation,_ _? didnt they三. 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)?？嫉目键c(diǎn)：一.現(xiàn)、一.過(guò)、一將以及含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。be動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞P.

5、P情況1： 一.現(xiàn)： am/is/are + VP.P 一.過(guò)： was/were +VP.P情況2有be：一.將： will be + VP.P 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞: can/may/must/should be+ VP.P情況3： 現(xiàn).完： have/has been +VP.P注：人稱(chēng)單復(fù)數(shù)變化！被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)置換會(huì)導(dǎo)致單復(fù)數(shù)變化Uncle Tom grows tomatoes in the field.改被動(dòng)Tomatoes_ _ by Uncle Tom in the field.are grown四. 同義句轉(zhuǎn)換常考的考點(diǎn)：主要考考綱的近義短語(yǔ)、常用的初中重點(diǎn)句型。1.表結(jié)果so.tha

6、t +句子= too adj to do= not adj反義詞 enough to doHe is so weak that he cant play football.He is_ weak _play football.He is not _ _ to play football.too, to; strong, enough2.表目的so as to do =in orderto do= so that+ 句子= in order that+句子3.表原因because, because ofThey didnt go to the museum last Monday. It rai

7、ned hard. 保持句意根本意思They didnt go to the museum last Monday _ _the heavy rain.because of4. 條件狀從 if.not= unless 假如不 Take the underground, or you will be late for the lecture. 保持句意根本不變You _ be late for the lecture _ you take the underground. will unless5.時(shí)間狀從notuntil 直到.才The firemen stopped working when

8、 all the workers were saved. 保持原句意思金山2019年The firemen _ stop working _ all the workers were saved.didnt until高頻考點(diǎn)：say sorry to= apologize to抱歉;be made up of= consists of 由。組成besides A= in addition to A 除A以外還有preferredA to B= liked A better than B 喜歡A勝過(guò)Bdo harm to= be bad for 對(duì)有害improve a lot = make

9、progress 在有進(jìn)步13徐匯escape= run away逃跑; immediately= at once 立即high=in height EG: It is 10 meters in height. 拓展：wide= in width ; long= in lengthbe held= take place舉辦 when he was over sixty= in his sixtiesI think= In my opinion, 我認(rèn)為run out of= use up 用完consider = think about 考慮sb. pays/paid $ for sth.=

10、sb. buys/bought sth for $=it costs/cost sb $decide to do= make a decision to do五. 對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)?？嫉目键c(diǎn)：how long/soon/ far/often, how much/ many的區(qū)別；Why/ What/ How 的區(qū)別How long 多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間 信號(hào)詞：for +時(shí)間段；since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)for 10 years, since 2019How soon 多久 信號(hào)詞：in + 時(shí)間段in 10 daysHow often & How many times 表頻率 信號(hào)詞：once, twice, =

11、3 times,特注：當(dāng)信號(hào)詞是every 2 weeks等時(shí)，疑問(wèn)詞只能How oftenHow far 多遠(yuǎn)間隔 信號(hào)詞：meters, two hourswalk/rideHow old 歷史多久 信號(hào)詞：has a history of more than 1000 yearsWhy 原因 信號(hào)詞：to do，for+ doing/名詞How 方式 信號(hào)詞：by doingLisa used to eat candy all the time. 對(duì)畫(huà)線部分提問(wèn)_ _ Lisa use to do all the time?What did六. 肯定句改為感慨句?？嫉目键c(diǎn)：近年來(lái)考的較少

12、，要求掌握How/What 的修飾用法。七. 兩句子合并為一句，復(fù)合句變?yōu)楹?jiǎn)單句?？嫉目键c(diǎn)：構(gòu)造是狀語(yǔ)從句，賓語(yǔ)從句的使用。注意改寫(xiě)句子的細(xì)節(jié)問(wèn)題。1.He doesnt do A. He does B. - He does Binstead of doing A2.We . We can. -We . so that we can.3.You can go there by bus. You can go there by underground, too/instead.-You can go there either by bus or by underground.either or

13、二選一總結(jié)：還有both and ., neithernor 表達(dá)方式簡(jiǎn)單句/不定式-復(fù)合句/賓語(yǔ)從句1.The students asked me when to have a picnic.The students asked me_ _ would have a picnic.when they2. Betty taught me how I could use the computer to control the machine. 改為簡(jiǎn)單句Betty taught me _ the computer to control the machine.how to賓語(yǔ)從句注意點(diǎn)：1從句用

14、陳述句語(yǔ)序 2. 主從句時(shí)態(tài)保持一致 3.代詞合理變化13長(zhǎng)寧Frank asked me, Have you ever created a comic strip? 改為賓語(yǔ)從句Frank asked me whether_ _ ever created a comic strip.I had 13楊浦I can help repair the bike. said Jerry.改為賓語(yǔ)從句 Jerry said _ he _ help repair the bike. If could【專(zhuān)題過(guò)關(guān)】Rewrite the following sentences as required1.No

15、ne of you will go to net bar to play computer game. 改為反義疑問(wèn)句 None of you will go to net bar to play computer games, _ _?2.Our group spent two hours preparing for our project. 保持句意不變 It _ our group two hours to _ for our project.3.“Is that bridge the worlds longest sea bridge? Cathy asked me . 改為賓語(yǔ)從句

16、Cathy asked me _ that bridge _ the worlds longest sea bridge.4. The new dictionary cost me fifty yuan. 對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn) How _ _ the new dictionary cost you ?5.People should take good care of the aged everywhere . 改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) The aged should _ _ good care of everywhere.6.Please tell us what we should do to protect

17、 our environment. 改為簡(jiǎn)單句 Please tell us _ _ do to protect our environment .7.Work harder, or you ll not succeed in your new job. 保持句意根本不變 _ _ work harder , youll not succeed in your new job.8.Mary has her lunch at school every weekday. 改為否認(rèn)句 Mary _ _ her lunch at school every weekday.9.We lay on the

18、floor inside the room . 改為一般疑問(wèn)句 _ you _ on the floor inside the room?10.Dad didnt watch TV on the EVE of the Spring Festival . He played cards 合并為一句 Dad played cards on the Eve of the Spring Festival _ _ watching TV.11.The case is so heavy that I cant move it out of the room alone. 保持原句不變 The case i

19、s _ heavy _ me to move out of the room alone.12.The world turns its attention to the World Cup every four years . 對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn) _ _ does the world turn its attention to the World Cup?Keys: 1. Will you , 2.Took , prepare 3.If , was 4.Much did 5.Be taken 6.what to7.Unless you 8.Doesnt have 9.Did, lie 10.Ins

20、tead of 11.Too ;for 12.How oftenRewrite the following sentences as required1.The boy said sorry to the old lady.同意They boy _ _ the old lady.2. The lecture was kind of boring and I didnt enjoy it.同意The lecture was _ _ boring and I didnt enjoy it. 3.The boy asked his teacher, “Does water freezes at ze

21、ro degree.改簡(jiǎn)單句The boy asked his teacher _ water _ at zero degree or not.4.There was a beauty salon in this neighborhood.同意There _ _ be a beauty salon in this neighborhood. 5.Santo Claus hid the presents in the long stockings on Christmas Eve.改被動(dòng)The presents _ _ in the long stockings on Christmas Eve

22、.6.John visited Shanghai Museum yesterday. 對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn) _ did John visit yesterday?7.Martin was a taxi driver five yeas ago? 對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn) _ was Martin five years ago?8.Jack bought five fish in the market. 對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn) _ _ fish did Jack buy in the market?9.The African Ghost Fish disappeared in a blink of an eye. 對(duì)劃

23、線部分提問(wèn) _ _ did the African Ghost Fish disappear? 10. I met Michael at the underground station the other day.對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn) _ did you _ at the underground station the other day?11.Tom jumped 1.3 meters at the sports meeting. 對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn) _ _ did Tom jump at the sports meeting?12. Mark Twains funny story made ever

24、yone in the room laugh. 改被動(dòng)Everyone in the room _ _ _ _ by Mark Twains funny story.13. She was a heavy smoker, but she has given up smoking now.同意She _ _ smokes.1. apologized to 2.a bit 3.whether, freezes 4. used to 5. were hidden 6.What 7.What 8. How many 9.How fast 10.Whom, meet 11.How far 12. was

25、 made to laugh 13.no longer【學(xué)法提煉】 一理解改寫(xiě)句子出題方式，注意容易出錯(cuò)點(diǎn)。 二積累短語(yǔ)與詞組。 三檢查：大些寫(xiě)、單復(fù)數(shù)、時(shí)態(tài)、拼寫(xiě)等?！菊n后練習(xí)】Rewrite the sentences as required按要求改寫(xiě)句子，每空格限填一詞共14分62. Peter left Shanghai for London to further his study last year. 改為否認(rèn)句Peter _ _ Shanghai for London to further his study last year.63. Its about 3050 kilome

26、tres from Shanghai to Bangkok. 對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)_ _ is it from Shanghai to Bangkok?64. My sister isnt old enough to take care of herself. 保持句意根本不變My sister is _ _ to take care of herself.65. The song “California girls is very popular among the students. 改為感慨句_ _ the song “California girls is among the student

27、s!66. I cant decide which seat to take. 保持句意根本不變I cant decide which seat _ _ take.67. “She has promised to attend the party. Tom said. 保持句意根本不變Tom said that she _ _ to attend the party.68. down you mind the music would turning 連詞成句 Keys:62. didnt leave 63. How far 64.too young 65. How popular 66. I

28、should67.had promisedRewrite the following sentences as required根據(jù)所給要求，改寫(xiě)以下句子。每空格限填一詞共14分54. We have already swept the classroom.改為一般疑問(wèn)句you swept the classroom ?55. Let her visit the underwater hotel instead of you.改為反意疑問(wèn)句Let her visit the underwater hotel instead of you, ?56. Be careful, or you wil

29、l make the same mistake again.保持原句意思 you careful, you will make the same mistake again.57. Who wrote the business letters?改被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)Whom the business letters by?58. Will you take part in our English evening? Mr. Anderson asked me.合并為一句Mr. Anderson asked me I take part in their English evening or not.59. The poor child was so lucky that she got many books from project Hope.保持句意不變The poor child was to get many books from Project Hope.60. her house, help, clean, the old lady, once a week, The students連詞成句Keys:54. Have yet 55.will you 56. Unless are