英語(yǔ)七年級(jí)上仁愛湘教版寒假專題—就劃線部分提問

1、七年級(jí)英語(yǔ)寒假專題就劃線部分提問仁愛版一. 教學(xué)內(nèi)容：寒假專題就劃線部分提問二. 重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)：對(duì)劃線部分提問的程序一代（用疑問詞代替劃線部分），二移（把疑問詞移至句首）三倒（顛倒主謂語(yǔ)，但對(duì)主語(yǔ)或其定語(yǔ)提問時(shí)除外）四抄（照抄其它部分）具體內(nèi)容“對(duì)畫線部分提問”是初中英語(yǔ)測(cè)試中常見的一種句型轉(zhuǎn)換題型，該類試題實(shí)際上就是把所給的陳述句變?yōu)樘厥庖蓡柧?。同學(xué)答題時(shí)感到茫然，且錯(cuò)誤率很高，這一講就先談?wù)勥@種題目的解題方法。一、選準(zhǔn)疑問詞,特殊疑問句共有兩種基本結(jié)構(gòu)：（一）疑問詞（或其修飾的主語(yǔ)）+謂語(yǔ)其它成分+？ ；（二）疑問詞（或其修飾的詞語(yǔ)）+一般疑問句？無(wú)論是哪一類特殊疑問句，均以疑問詞開頭，故選

2、準(zhǔn)疑問詞是解答好對(duì)畫線部分提問題目的關(guān)鍵。要想選準(zhǔn)疑問詞，則必須首先弄清畫線部分在句子中的成分，如對(duì)主語(yǔ)部分提問，如果指人要用who，若指物就用what；對(duì)表語(yǔ)提問情況比較復(fù)雜，若指物用what，若指人的身份用who，指人的職業(yè)用what；若為數(shù)量詞，指年齡用how old，指時(shí)間用what time，指距離用how far，指運(yùn)算結(jié)果用how much等；對(duì)謂語(yǔ)部分提問用what，且以do的適當(dāng)形式替代謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；對(duì)賓語(yǔ)部分提問，若指人用whom 或who，若指物用what或which，若是介詞的賓語(yǔ)（who除外）可和介詞一起提到句首；對(duì)定語(yǔ)提問，需要把替代它的疑問詞和它所修飾的詞一起提到句首

3、，若問“誰(shuí)的”用whose，若問“哪個(gè)（些）”用which或what，若問 “數(shù)量”用how many（可數(shù)）或how much（不可數(shù)）；若對(duì)狀語(yǔ)部分提問，指時(shí)間用when（幾點(diǎn)幾分用what time），指地點(diǎn)用where，指原因用why，指程度用how等等。二、疑問句的語(yǔ)序 在選準(zhǔn)疑問詞之后，緊接著便要判定其后是用陳述句語(yǔ)序，還是用一般疑問句語(yǔ)序。 如果是對(duì)主語(yǔ)部分提問，疑問詞后要用陳述句語(yǔ)序，即把畫線部分用疑問詞替代，再把句末的句號(hào)改為問號(hào)便可，句子的其它部分不要作任何改動(dòng)。如果畫線部分不是主語(yǔ)，疑問詞后必須接倒裝語(yǔ)序，也就是接原句的一般疑問句形式。但要注意：（一）當(dāng)原句里有動(dòng)詞be，

4、助動(dòng)詞have(has),will,shall或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can,may,must等時(shí)，將它們移到主語(yǔ)之前（疑問詞之后）就成了一般疑問句；（二）當(dāng)原句里無(wú)上述詞語(yǔ)時(shí)，應(yīng)根據(jù)時(shí)態(tài)在主語(yǔ)之前加do(does)、did等助動(dòng)詞來(lái)構(gòu)成一般疑問句，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用原形。三、抄寫剩余部分 在前兩步做好之后，接著就是要把原句的剩余部分再抄寫一遍，在抄寫過程中也不可忽視以下幾個(gè)問題：（一）要?jiǎng)h去畫線部分（若畫線部分是謂語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用do的適當(dāng)形式替代）；（二）要注意原句首單詞須改為小寫形式（若原句首單詞為人名、地名等專有名詞仍應(yīng)大寫）；（三）要把原句句號(hào)改為問號(hào)。四、實(shí)例分析1. His mother can speak

5、English.具體步驟：（一）畫線部分指人，疑問詞用who；（二）畫線部分為主語(yǔ)，后仍用陳述句語(yǔ)序；（三）抄寫剩余部分can speak English，且把“.”改成“?”，即：Who can speak English?2. The children are flying their kites on the hill.具體步驟：（一）畫線部分為謂語(yǔ)，疑問詞用what；（二）畫線部分不是主語(yǔ)，判定接一般疑問句語(yǔ)序，將are放在疑問詞之后，主語(yǔ)之前；（三）抄寫剩余部分時(shí)應(yīng)用doing代替畫線部分，注意大小寫、標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)的變動(dòng)。 即：What are the children doing on

6、 the hill?3. She has four lessons in the morning.具體步驟：（一）畫線部分是數(shù)量詞作定語(yǔ)，疑問詞用how many，而且lessons應(yīng)緊跟其后；（二）判定疑問詞后接一般疑問句語(yǔ)序，因是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，且主語(yǔ)為單數(shù)，故主語(yǔ)前加助動(dòng)詞does，將謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞has還原成have；（三）抄寫剩余部分，并注意大小寫和標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)。即：How many lessons does she have in the morning?五、注意特殊情況 當(dāng)對(duì)日期、天氣情況進(jìn)行提問時(shí)，僅僅按照上面三個(gè)步驟是不夠的，這是因?yàn)樘厥庖蓡柧涞闹髡Z(yǔ)通常不再用原句的主語(yǔ)，習(xí)慣上應(yīng)改為the

7、 date, the weather等，有時(shí)還必須添加其它詞。例如：1.Tomorrow is May 2.What is the date tomorrow?2.It was cloudy yesterday.What was the weather like yesterday?（一）對(duì)主語(yǔ)或主語(yǔ)部分中的定語(yǔ)提問時(shí)，語(yǔ)序與陳述句相同。其做法是：只需把原句中的劃線部分用合適的疑問詞替換下來(lái)，把句號(hào)改成問號(hào)就可以了。如： 1. 對(duì)主語(yǔ)提問： I helped her with her English. Who helped her with her English? 2. 對(duì)主語(yǔ)部分中的定語(yǔ)提

8、問： About ten people worked on the farm. How many people worked on the farm? 但是，對(duì)“there be”結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語(yǔ)或主語(yǔ)部分中的定語(yǔ)提問時(shí)， “there be”須倒置。如： Therere some books on the desk. What is(there) on the desk?（二）對(duì)賓語(yǔ)(含賓語(yǔ)部分中的定語(yǔ))、表語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)提問時(shí)，應(yīng)使用“疑問詞+一般疑問句”的語(yǔ)序。其做法是：使用一個(gè)合適的疑問詞放在句首，然后再把原句改為一般疑問句。如： 1. 對(duì)賓語(yǔ)提問： Tom is going to buy so

9、me books. What is Tom going to buy? 2. 對(duì)狀語(yǔ)提問： Lucy is going to play football after breakfast. When is Lucy going to play football? 3. 對(duì)表語(yǔ)提問： These are books. What are these? 4. 對(duì)賓語(yǔ)部分中的定語(yǔ)以及 “there be”句型中的主語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)提問時(shí)，應(yīng)把被修飾的名詞連同疑問詞一起放在句首。如： They have six classes on Monday.(對(duì)賓語(yǔ)部分中的定語(yǔ)提問) How many classes do

10、 they have on Monday? Therere two books on the desk.(對(duì)there be中主語(yǔ)部分的定語(yǔ)提問) How many books are there on the desk?（三）對(duì)謂語(yǔ)部分提問時(shí)，使用“疑問詞(what)+一般疑問句”。其作法是：一般把疑問詞what放在句首，然后將原句改為一般疑問句，在改為一般疑問句時(shí)，根據(jù)原句時(shí)態(tài)將do的適當(dāng)形式放在刪去的劃線位置。如： 1. Wei Feng is going to dance in the park this afternoon. What is Wei Feng going to do

11、in the park this afternoon? 2. She is watching TV now. What is she doing now? 3. He has learnt ten English words. What has he done?（四）另外有些就劃線部分提問的情況，應(yīng)使用固定句型。如： 1. 對(duì)天氣情況提問： Its windy today. Whats the weather like today? 2. 對(duì)星期幾提問： Its Monday today. What day is (it)today? 3. 對(duì)日期提問： It was December 31s

12、t, 2003 yesterday. What was the date yesterday?【模擬試題】（答題時(shí)間：45分鐘）I. 單復(fù)數(shù)相互轉(zhuǎn)換，每空一詞（含縮寫）。1. The woman is a nurse.（改為復(fù)數(shù)句）The _ _ _. 2. There are some old cars behind the house.（改為單數(shù)句）There _ _ old _ behind the house. 3. He has a new book.（改為復(fù)數(shù)句）_ _ new _. 4. Are these your English-Chinese dictionaries? （

13、改為單數(shù)句）_ _ your English-Chinese _?5. Is there a sheep on the hill?（改為復(fù)數(shù)句）_ there _ _ on the hill? II. 陳述句與疑問句相互轉(zhuǎn)換，每空一詞（含縮寫）。6. Mr Hu taught her maths last year.（改為一般疑問句）_ Mr Hu _ her maths last year? 7. The foreign visitor comes from Russia.（用Australia完成選擇疑問句）_ the foreign visitor come from Russia _

14、_? 8. Tom has lunch at school every day. (改為一般疑問句) _ Tom _ lunch at school every day? 9. That dictionary cost him twenty yuan. (改為一般疑問句)_ that dictionary _ him twenty yuan?10. Did you do your homework at school yesterday?(改為陳述句)I _ _ homework at school yesterday.III. 把下列句子變成反意疑問句，每空一詞（含縮寫）。11. Youve

15、 never been out of China before. Youve never been out of China before, _ _? 12. You came here together.You came here together, _ _?13. Therere more than ten pandas on the hill.Therere more than ten pandas on the hill, _ _? 14. Peter could hardly see the words on the blackboard.Peter could hardly see

16、 the words on the blackboard, _ _?15. Dont look out of the window.Dont look out of the window, _ _?16. I dont think you can answer this question.I dont think you can answer this question, _ _?17. Lets ask our teacher for help.Lets ask our teacher for help, _ _?18. Everything goes well.Everything goe

17、s well, _ _?19. She isnt the best one in the class.She isnt the best one in the class, _ _?20. You like listening to soft music.You like listening to soft music, _ _?IV. 肯定句與否定句相互轉(zhuǎn)換，每空一詞（含縮寫）。21. He has already finished his homework.（改為否定句）He _ finished his homework _.22. Both of his parents were pl

18、eased with the result.（改為完全否定句）_ _ _ _ _ pleased with the result. 23. Dont let him go boating today!(改為肯定句)_ _ go boating today. 24. Youd better take it to your office.(改為否定句)Youd better _ _ it to your office. 25. The children werent playing on the playground.(改為肯定句)The children _ _ on the playgroun

19、d.26. All of us want him to rest.（改為完全否定句）_ of us _ him to rest. 27. Mary does her homework on Sundays. ( 改為否定句)Mary _ _ her homework on Sundays. 28. Meimei has to look after her little brother at weekends. (改為否定句)Meimei _ _ to look after her little brother at weekends. 29. I think you are right.（改為

20、否定句）I _ think you _ right. 30. She isnt going to wash anything on Sunday.（改為肯定句）She _ going to wash _ on Sunday. V. 簡(jiǎn)單句、并列句、復(fù)合句、祈使句等相互轉(zhuǎn)換，每空一詞（含縮寫）。31. The water was so dirty that we couldnt drink it.（改為簡(jiǎn)單句）The water was _ dirty for us _ drink. 32. Does the shop close at six every day? Do you know?（改

21、為復(fù)合句）Do you know _ the shop _ at six every day? 33. The question isnt easy enough for them to answer.（改為復(fù)合句）The question is _ _ that they _ _ it. 34. I really dont know which book I should choose.（改為簡(jiǎn)單句）I really dont know _ _ _ _.35. I dont know when we shall meet again. (改為簡(jiǎn)單句)I dont know when _ _

22、_ again. 36. The man is very strong and he can carry the heavy bag. (改為簡(jiǎn)單句)The man is _ _ to carry the heavy bag. 37. “Does the girl need any help?” he asked me.（改為復(fù)合句）He asked me _ the girl _ some help. 38 . I dont know what to do next.（改為復(fù)合句）I dont know what _ _ next. 39. George has two cabbages.

23、Mary has only one.（改為復(fù)合句）George has _ cabbages _ Mary. 40. We wont have any lessons tomorrow because well have the sports meeting.（改為簡(jiǎn)單句）We wont have any lessons tomorrow _ _ the sports meeting. 41. If you dont work hard, you wont pass the exam next time.（改為并列句）_ _, _ you will fail the exam next tim

24、e. 42. Dont make any noise.(改為陳述句)_ _ make any noise.43. You should read after me. (改為祈使句)_ _ _ _!44. Tom is sitting on the desk.(改為否定祈使句)_ _ on the desk, Tom!45. Hurry up, and youll catch the early bus.（改為復(fù)合句）_ _ _ _, youll catch the early bus. VI. 陳述句與感嘆句相互轉(zhuǎn)換，每空一詞（含縮寫）。46. The film is very interes

25、ting. （改為感嘆句）_ _ the film is! 47. The subject of English is very useful.（改為感嘆句）_ _ useful subject English is!48. These flowers are so beautiful. （改為感嘆句）_ _ these flowers are! 49. The children are singing and dancing happily. （改為感嘆句）_ _ the children are singing and dancing! 50. They are running fast.

26、 （改為感嘆句）_ _ they are running! 51. Her sister is a very lovely girl. （改為感嘆句）(1) _ _ lovely girl her sister is!(2) _ _ her sister is! 52. How beautiful these pictures are!（改為陳述句）_ _ beautiful pictures.53. What a nice box it is! （改為陳述句）The box _ _ _. 54. How bright your son is!（改為陳述句）Your son is _ _.55. How hard the workers are working!（改為陳述句）The workers are _ _.【試題答案】I. 1. women are nurs